日本史前哺乳动物列表

维基媒体列表条目

本列表列出了从日本列岛的化石记录中发现的史前哺乳动物。关于该地区现存的哺乳动物,请参阅日本哺乳动物列表(包括国际自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录[1]上最近灭绝的物种以及环境省红色名录[2]上的国内对应物种)。本列表也列出了历史上已经灭绝的物种以及局部灭绝且不再构成日本动物群一部分但从化石或亚化石记录中已知的现存物种。

中生代

演化支 地质层位 图片 年代
枝兽类 †"对齿兽目英语Symmetrodonta" 鼹兽科英语Spalacotheriidae 对掠兽属英语Symmetrolestes Symmetrolestes †小对掠兽 S. parvus
Tsubamoto & Rougier, 2004[3]
北谷组英语Kitadani Formation   白垩纪早期
兽形亚纲英语Theriimorpha 真三尖齿兽目 双型齿兽科英语Amphidontidae 白山齿兽属英语Hakusanodon Hakusanodon †古白山齿兽 H. archaeus
Rougier et al., 2007[4]
桑岛组英语Kuwajima Formation
异兽亚纲 多瘤齿兽目 始俊兽科英语Eobaataridae 白山俊兽属 Hakusanobaatar †松尾白山俊兽 H. matsuoi
Kusuhashi, 2008[5]
 
手取俊兽属 Tedoribaatar †雷氏手取俊兽 T. reini
Kusuhashi, 2008[5]
真兽下纲 亚洲掘猬目英语Asioryctitheria 筱山臼齿兽属日语ササヤマミロス Sasayamamylos †河合篠山臼齿兽 S. kawaii
Kusuhashi & Saegusa, 2013[6]
筱山群英语Sasayama Group
Zhelestidae英语Zhelestidae Sorlestes英语Sorlestes S. mifunensis
Setoguchi et al., 1999[7]
御船层群英语Mifune Group 白垩纪晚期

新生代

演化支 异名 图片 年代
白垩掠兽目 全齿亚目 冠齿兽科 冠齿兽科未定种 Coryphodontidae sp.[8] 始新世早期–始新世晚期
亚洲冠齿兽属 Asiocoryphodon †亚洲冠齿兽未定种 Asiocoryphodon sp.[8]  
裂齿目英语Tillodontia 凿齿兽科英语Esthonychidae Trogosus英语Trogosus Trogosus cf. T. latidens[8]
Higotherium英语Higotherium H. hypsodon
Miyata & Tomida, 1998[9]
始新世中期
长鼻目 嵌齿象总科英语Gomphotherioidea 嵌齿象科 嵌齿象属Gomphotherium †连接嵌齿象G. annectens 连接半乳齿象 Hemimastodon annectens
Matsumoto, 1924[10]
  中新世早期
Bunolophodon yokotii
Makiyama, 1938[11]
中华乳齿象属英语SinomastodonSinomastodon †仙台中华乳齿象S. sendaicus[12] 仙台三棱齿象Trilophodon sendaicus
Matsumoto, 1924[10]
上新世早期
象总科 剑齿象科 脊棱齿象属 Stegolophodon †伪阔齿脊棱齿象 S. pseudolatidens[13] 伪阔齿始剑齿象 Eostegodon pseudolatidens
Yabe, 1950[14]
  中新世
津田氏脊棱齿象 Stegolophodon tsudai
Shikama & Kirii, 1956[15]
Stegolophodon miyokoae
Hatai, 1959[16]
剑齿象属 Stegodon 三重剑齿象日语ミエゾウ S. miensis Stegodon clifti miensis
Matsumoto, 1941[17]
  上新世
信州脊棱齿象 Stegolophodon shinshuensis
Fossil Elephant Research Group, 1979[18]
Stegodon bombifrons
Itsukaichi Stegodon Research Group, 1980[19]
类象剑齿象相似种 Stegodon cf. elephantoides[20]
†原曙光剑齿象 S. protoaurora
Aiba, Baba & Matsukawa, 2010[21]
上新世晚期–更新世早期
曙光剑齿象 S. aurorae[20] 曙光象 Elephas aurorae
Matsumoto, 1918[22]
  更新世早期
关东副剑齿象 Parastegodon? kwantoensis
Tokunaga, 1934[23]
杉山氏副剑齿象 Parastegodon sugiyamai
Tokunaga, 1935[24]
明石副剑齿象 Parastegodon akashiensis
Takai, 1936[25]
罕见副剑齿象 Parastegodon infrequens
Shikama, 1937[26]
Stegodon shodoensis (partim)[20]
东方剑齿象日语トウヨウゾウ S. orientalis[20][27] Stegodon orientalis shodoensis
Matsumoto, 1924[28]
  更新世中期
象科 古菱齿象属 Palaeoloxodon 诺氏古菱齿象 P. naumanni[11][29]:86 诺氏纳玛象 Elephas namadicus naumanni
Makiyama, 1924[30]
  更新世中期-更新世晚期
德永氏古棱齿象 Loxodonta (Palaeoloxodon) tokunagai
Matsumoto, 1924[31]
布氏印度象 Elephas indicus buski
Matsumoto, 1927[32]
矢部纳玛象 Loxodonta (Palaeoloxodon) namadica yabei
Matsumoto, 1929[33]
横滨古菱齿象 Palaeoloxodon yokohamanus
Tokunaga, 1934[34]
世冈氏古菱齿象 Palaeoloxodon aomoriensis
Tokunaga & Takai, 1936[35]
濑户纳玛象 Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) namadicus setoensis
Makiyama, 1929[36]
猛犸象属 Mammuthus 草原猛犸 M. trogontherii[37]:347[38] 原猛犸真象 Euelephas protomammonteus
Matsumoto, 1924[39]
    更新世早期
Parelephas protomammonteus proximus
Matsumoto, 1926[40]
模式原猛犸副象 Parelephas protomammonteus typicus
Matsumoto, 1926[40]
松本真猛犸象 Elephas primigenius matsumotoi
Dietrich, 1927[41]
Parelephas proximus uehataensis
Shikama, 1937[42]
四贺副猛犸原齿象 Archidiskodon paramammonteus shigensis
Matsumoto & Ozaki, 1959[43]
真猛犸象 M. primigenius[44]   更新世晚期
海牛目 儒艮科 杜氏海牛属 Dusisiren D. dewana
Takahashi, Domning & Saito, 1986[45]
中新世晚期
†高郷杜氏海牛 D. takasatensis
Kobayashi, Horikawa & Miyazaki, 1995[46]
无齿海牛属 Hydrodamalis 泷川海牛 H. spissa
Furusawa, 1988[47]
上新世晚期
兔形目 鼠兔科 跳鼠兔属西班牙语Alloptox Alloptox 日本跳鼠兔 A. japonicus
Tomida, 2012[48]
  中新世早期
啮齿目 豪猪亚目 梳齿鼠总科英语Ctenodactyloidea未定种 Ctenodactyloidea sp.[8] 始新世早期-始新世中期
硅藻鼠科 硅藻鼠属英语Diatomys Diatomys †山东硅藻鼠 D. shantungensis[49][50]   中新世早期
河狸亚目 河狸科 窄颅河狸属英语Steneofiber Steneofiber †窄颅河狸未定种 Steneofiber sp.[49]   渐新世晚期
杨氏河狸属英语YoungofiberYoungofiber †中国杨氏河狸 Y. sinensis[51] 中国大河狸 Trogontherium sinensis
Young, 1955[52]
中新世早期
Minocastor英语Minocastor M. godai
Mörs, Tomida & Kalthoff, 2016[53]
Euroxenomys英语Euroxenomys E. nanus
Mörs & Tomida, 2018[54]
始鼠总科英语Eomyoidea 始鼠科 Megapeomys M. repenningi
Tomida, 2011[55]
中新世早期
日本始鼠属 Japaneomys †安野氏日本始鼠 J. yasunoi
Kimura et al., 2019[56]
鼠形亚目 仓鼠科 田鼠属 Microtus M. epiratticepoides
Kawamura, 1988[57]
更新世中期-更新世晚期
䶄属 Clethrionomys †日本䶄 C. japonicus
Kawamura, 1988[57]
更新世中期
仓鼠属 Cricetulus 仓鼠未定种 Cricetulus sp.[58]
鼠科 白腹鼠属 Niviventer 白腹鼠未定种 Niviventer sp.[59] 更新世晚期-全新世
大鼠属 Rattus †宫古鼠 R. miyakoensis
Kawaguchi, Kaneko & Hasegawa, 2009[60]
更新世晚期
灵长目 简鼻亚目 猴科 神奈川猴属英语Kanagawapithecus Kanagawapithecus †薄眶后神奈川猴 K. leptopostorbitalis Dolichopithecus (Kanagawapithecus) leptopostorbitalis
Iwamoto, Hasegawa & Koizumi, 2005[61]
上新世
原猴亚目 西瓦兔猴科 †西瓦兔猴科未定种 Sivaladapidae sp.[8] 始新世早期-始新世中期
真盲缺目 近鼩鼱科英语Plesiosoricidae 近鼩鼱属意大利语Plesiosorex Plesiosorex P. fejfari
Oshima, Tomida & Orihara, 2017[62]
  中新世早期
鼩鼱科 鹿间鼩鼱属英语Shikamainosorex Shikamainosorex S. densicingulata
Hasegawa, 1957[63]
更新世中期
短尾鼩属 Anourosorex †日本短尾鼩 A. japonicus
Shikama & Hasegawa, 1958[64]
更新世晚期
翼手目 阳翼手亚目 蝙蝠科 更新鼠耳蝠属英语Pleistomyotis Pleistomyotis P. longihumeralis[65][58] 更新世中期
鼠耳蝠属 Myotis †冈藤鼠耳蝠 M. okafujii[58]
†别府鼠耳蝠 M. beppuensis[58]
索齿兽目 贝西摩斯兽属英语Behemotops Behemotops B. katsuiei
Inuzuka, 2000[66]
  渐新世晚期
索齿兽科英语Desmostylidae 足寄兽属英语Ashoroa Ashoroa A. laticosta
Inuzuka, 2000[66]
 
索齿兽属 Desmostylus †日本索齿兽 D. japonicus
Tokunaga & Iwasaki, 1914[67][68]
  Miocene
古索齿兽科英语Paleoparadoxiidae 古索齿兽属英语Paleoparadoxia Paleoparadoxia P. tabatai Cornwallius tabatai
Tokunaga, 1939[69]
 
P. media
Inuzuka, 2005[70]
 
偶蹄目 猪形亚目 猪科 猪科未定属 Suidae indet.[50] Palaeochoerus japonicus
Takai, 1954[71]
中新世早期
猪兽属英语Hyotherium Hyotherium †山旺猪兽 H. shanwangense[72]   中新世中期
鲸凹齿形类 豨科 完齿豨属 Entelodon †戈壁完齿豨 E. gobiensis[73]   始新世晚期
双锥齿兽总科英语Dichobunoidea未定种 Dichobunoidea sp.[8] 始新世中期–始新世晚期
石炭兽科 Bothriogenys英语Bothriogenys Bothriogenys sp.[73] 始新世晚期
沟齿兽属 Bothriodon †三田沟齿兽 B. sandaensis
Tsubamoto et al., 2007[74]
  始新世中期–始新世晚期
Elomeryx英语Elomeryx E. japonicus[75] Brachyodus japonicus
Matsumoto, 1925[76]
  渐新世中期
鲸下目 信浓海豚属英语Sinanodelphis Sinanodelphis †泉田信浓海豚 S. izumidaensis
Makiyama, 1936[77]
中新世
海豚科 始海豚属英语Eodelphinus Eodelphinus †桦户始海豚 E. kabatensis Stenella kabatensis
Horikawa, 1977[78]
黎明豚属 Norisdelphis †安中黎明豚 N. annakaensis
Kimura & Hasegawa, 2020[79]
伪虎鲸属 Pseudorca 横山伪虎鲸英语Pseudorca yokoyamai P. yokoyamai
Matsumoto, 1926[80]
上新世
虎鲸属 Orcinus 古虎鲸英语Orcinus paleorca O. paleorca Orca paleorca
Matsumoto, 1937[81]
  更新世早期
肯氏海豚科 肯氏海豚属 Kentriodon †菅原肯氏海豚 K. sugawarai
Guo & Kohno, 2021[82]
  中新世早期–中新世中期
†穗别肯氏海豚 K. hobetsu
Ichishima, 1994[83]
中新世中期
一角鲸科 羽幌鲸属英语Haborodelphis Haborodelphis †日本羽幌鲸 H. japonicus
Ichishima et al., 2018[84]
上新世早期
鼠海豚科 中新鼠海豚属 Miophocaena †西野中新鼠海豚 M. nishinoi
Murakami et al., 2012[85]
中新世晚期
原鼠海豚属 Archaeophocaena †天盐原鼠海豚 A. teshioensis
Murakami et al., 2012[85]
翼鼠海豚属 Pterophocaena †西野翼鼠海豚 P. nishinoi
Murakami et al., 2012[86]
羽幌鼠海豚属 Haborophocoena †丰岛北海道鼠海豚 H. toyoshimai
Ichishima & Kimura, 2005[87]
上新世早期
†微小北海道鼠海豚 H. minutus
Ichishima & Kimura, 2009[88]
沼津鼠海豚属 Numataphocoena †山下沼津鼠海豚 N. yamashitai
Ichishima & Kimura, 2000[89]
喙鲸科 贝喙鲸属 Berardius †小林氏贝喙鲸 B. kobayashii
Kawatani & Kohno, 2021[90]
中新世中期–中新世晚期
异海豚科 忍者海豚属英语Ninjadelphis Ninjadelphis †氏原忍者海豚 Ninjadelphis ujiharai
Kimura & Barnes, 2016[91]
中新世早期
安房海豚属英语Awadelphis Awadelphis †平山氏安房海豚 A. hirayamai
Murakami, 2016[92]
中新世早期
中新抹香鲸属英语Miophyseter Miophyseter †知多中新抹香鲸 M. chitaensis
Kimura & Hasegawa, 2022[93]
中新世早期
噬抹香鲸属 Brygmophyseter †四贺噬抹香鲸 B. shigensis 四贺斯卡尔鲸 Scaldicetus shigensis
Hirota & Barnes, 1994[94]
  中新世中期
始弓鲸科英语Eomysticetidae 大和鲸属英语Yamatocetus Yamatocetus †有凹槽大和鲸 Y. canaliculatus
Okazaki, 2012[95]
渐新世晚期
露脊鲸科 独特鲸属英语Idiocetus Idiocetus †津轻独特鲸 I. tsugarensis
Matsumoto, 1926[80]
中新世晚期
古露脊鲸属 Archaeobalaena †道产子古露脊鲸 A. dosanko
Tanaka, Furusawa & Kimura, 2020[96]
上新世早期
大树鲸属英语Taikicetus Taikicetus †井上大树鲸 T. inouei
Tanaka, Ando & Sawamura, 2018[97]
中新世中期
勇鱼鲸属英语Isanacetus Isanacetus †宽头勇鱼鲸 Isanacetus laticephalus
Kimura & Ozawa, 2002[98]
中新世早期
蒂奥鲸属英语Diorocetus Diorocetus †秩父蒂奥鲸 D. chichibuensis
Yoshida, Kimura & Hasegawa, 2003[99]
中新世
庄原蒂奥鲸日语ショウバラクジラ D. shobarensi
Otsuka & Ota, 2008[100]
中新世中期
隔板鳁鲸属英语Parietobalaena Parietobalaena †山冈隔板鳁鲸 P. yamaokai
Otsuka & Ota, 2008[100]
新须鲸科 比婆鲸属英语Hibacetus Hibacetus †广瀬比婆鲸 H. hirosei
Otsuka & Ota, 2008[100]
上毛鲸属英语Joumocetus Joumocetus †清水上毛鲸J. shimizui
Kimura & Hasegawa, 2010[101]
中新世晚期
须鲸科 灰鲸属 Eschrichtius 昭岛鲸英语Akishima_whale E. akishimaensis
Kimura, Hasegawa & Kohno, 2018[102]
更新世早期
反刍亚目 鹿超科英语Cervoidea未定属 Cervoidea indet.[50] 美浓两栖鼷鹿 Amphitragulus英语Amphitragulus minoensis
Matsumoto, 1918[103]
中新世早期
鹿科 叉角鹿属 Dicrocerus †德永氏叉角鹿 D. tokunagai
Matsumoto, 1927[104][105]
祖父鹿属 Cervavus †平林氏欧文祖父鹿 C. oweni hirabayashii
Tokunaga, 1926[106][105]
中新世晚期
后宽角鹿属 Metaplatyceros †红杉后宽角鹿 M. sequoiae
Shikama, 1941[107]
上新世晚期
花鹿属 Axis †日本花鹿 A. japonicus[108] 日本花鹿 Cervus (Axis) japonicus
Otsuka, 1967[109]
更新世早期
九州花鹿 Axis kyushuensis[110]
麋鹿属 Elaphurus †明石麋鹿 E. akashiensis 明石鹿 Cervus akasiensis
Shikama, 1941[107]
上新世晚期
†鹿间双叉麋鹿 E. bifurcatus shikamai[111] 鹿间麋鹿 Elaphurus shikamai
Otsuka, 1968[112]
更新世早期
†多摩麋鹿 E. davidianus tamaensis[111] 多摩麋鹿 Elaphurus (Elaphurus) tamaensis
Shikama & Hasegawa, 1976[113]
梅氏四不像 E. davidianus menziesianus[111] Capreolus (Capreolina) mayai
Tokunaga & Takai, 1936[114]
更新世中期–更新世晚期
Elaphurus mayai[115]
鹿属 Cervus †加津佐鹿 C. (Nipponicervus) kazusensis[116][108] Cervus (Sika) kazusensis
Matsumoto, 1926[117]
更新世
Cervus (Deperetia) trassaerti
Shikama, 1941[107]
Cervus (Deperetia) urbanus
Shikama, 1941[107]
日本古鹿 C. (Anoglochis) praenipponicus
Shikama, 1936[118]
直良氏鹿 Cervus (Deperetia) naorai
Shikama, 1936[119]
高野氏鹿 Cervus (Nipponicervus?) takaoi
Otsuka & Shikama, 1977[120]
岛原鹿 Cervus (Deperetia) shimabarensis
Otsuka, 1967[109]
琉球侏儒鹿 C. astylodon' 琉球侏儒麂 Muntiacus astylodon
Matsumoto, 1926[117]
 
琉球侏儒泽鹿 Cervus (Rucervus) riukiuensis
Matsumoto, 1926[117]
†加藤清正格氏鹿 C. greyi katokiyomasai[121][122] Cervus (Rucervus) katokiyomasai
Shikama & Hasegawa, 1965[123]
Cervus (Sika) natsumei
Matsumoto, 1938[124]
古虾夷鹿 Cervus (Sika) paleoezoensis
Otsuka & Shikama, 1977[120]
†九州鹿 C. kyushuensis 九州水鹿 Cervus (Rusa) kyushuensis
Otsuka, 1966[125]
更新世早期
†秋吉鹿 C. akiyoshiensis 秋吉日本鹿 Cervus (Nipponicervus) akiyoshiensis
Otsuka, 1977[126]
更新世晚期
中华大角鹿属 Sinomegaceros †矢部中华大角鹿 S. yabei[120] 矢部鹿 Cervus (Sinomegaceros) yabei
Shikama, 1938[127]
  更新世
金流大角鹿 Megaceros kinryuensis
Matsumoto & Mori, 1956[128]
小河套大角鹿 Megaceros (Sinomegaceros) ordosianus minor
Kamei, 1958[129]
日本长颈鹿 Giraffa (Orasius?) nipponica
Matsumoto, 1926[117][130]
狍属 Capreolus †德永氏狍 C. tokunagai
Otuka, 1941[131]
宫古狍 Capreolus miyakoensis
Hasegawa, Otsuka & Nohara, 1973[132]
更新世全新世
牛科 水牛属 Bubalus 水牛属未定种 Bubalus sp.[58] 更新世中期
野牛属 Bison 花泉野牛日语ハナイズミモリウシ B. hanaizumiensis 花泉细野牛 Leptobison hanaizumiensis
Matsumoto & Mori, 1956[128]
  更新世晚期
西伯利亚野牛 B. priscus[58]  
长鬃山羊属 Capricornis C. (?) nikitini[116] Naemorhedus nikitini
Shikama, 1949[133]
更新世
奇蹄目 豕齿兽科英语Hyopsodontidae 猪齿兽属 Hyopsodus †猪齿兽未定种 Hyopsodus sp.[8]   始新世早期-始新世中期
马形亚目英语Hippomorpha 雷兽科 †雷兽科未定种 Brontotheriidae sp.[8]
马科 安琪马属英语Anchitherium Anchitherium †戈壁安琪马近缘种Anchitherium aff. A. gobiense[134] 下伪马安琪马 Anchitherium hypohippoides
Matsumoto, 1921[135]
中新世早期
爪兽亚目 等外脊貘科 等外脊貘属英语Isectolophus Isectolophus †等外脊貘未定种 Isectolophus sp.[8] 始新世早期-始新世中期
爪兽科 裂爪兽亚科未定种 Schizotheriinae sp.[136] 中新世早期
貘总科英语Tapiroidea 沼貘科 Plesiocolopirus英语Plesiocolopirus †谷氏貘 P. grangeri[8] Desmatotherium英语Desmatotherium grangeri
Tokunaga, 1933[137]
始新世中期
钏路貘日语クシロムカシバク P. kushiroensis Colodon英语Colodon kushiroensis
Tomida, 1983[138]
始新世中期–渐新世早期
貘科 近貘属英语Plesiotapirus Plesiotapirus †八木氏近貘 P. yagii 八木氏古貘 Palaeotapirus英语Palaeotapirus yagii
Matsumoto, 1921[135]
  中新世早期
犀总科 貘犀科 貘犀属 Hyrachyus 貘犀属未定种相似种 cf. Hyrachyus sp.[74] 始新世早期–始新世中期
两栖犀科英语Amynodontidae 宰桑两栖犀属英语Zaisanamynodon Zaisanamynodon Zaisanamynodon cf. Z. protheroi[8] 始新世中期-始新世晚期
cf. †Z. borisovi[8] 始新世晚期
两栖犀属英语Amynodon Amynodon †渡边氏两栖犀 A. watanabei[8] †渡边氏两栖犀? Amynodon (?) watanabei
Tokunaga, 1926[139]
始新世中期-始新世晚期
犀科 矮脚犀属 Brachypotherium †战士矮脚犀 B. pugnator[136] 战士远角犀 Teleoceras (Brachypotherium) pugnator
Matsumoto, 1921[135]
  中新世早期
战士大唇犀 Chilotherium pugnator
可儿远角犀 Teleoceras (?) kaniensis
Tokunaga, 1926[139]
东京远角犀 Teleoceras (?) tokiensis
Tokunaga, 1926[139]
近无角犀属英语Plesiaceratherium Plesiaceratherium †近无角犀未定种 Plesiaceratherium sp.[50]
斯迪凡犀属 Stephanorhinus †基什贝尔格犀 S. kirchbergensis[140] 日本犀 Dicerorhinus nipponicus
Shikama, 1967[141]
  更新世中期
新土居犀 Rhinoceros shindoi
Tokunaga, 1931[142]
食肉目 细齿兽科 †细齿兽科未定种 Miacidae sp.[8] 始新世早期–始新世中期
猫型亚目 猫科 豹属 Panthera 杨氏虎 P. youngi[143] Felis youngi 更新世中期
猫属 Felis †小野猫 F. microtus[144] 更新世
犬熊总科 犬熊科 伊森格林狼属英语Ysengrinia Ysengrinia †伊森格林狼未定种 Ysengrinia sp.[145]   中新世中期
犬总科英语Canoidea 犬科 犬属 Canis †法氏犬 C. falconeri[146] 更新世早期
豺属Cuon 豺属未定种 Cuon sp.[147] 更新世中期
貉属 Nyctereutes †日本日本貉日语ホンドタヌキ N. viverrinus nipponicus
Shikama, 1949[133]
更新世早期
鼬总科 小熊猫科 副小猫熊属英语Parailurus Parailurus †副小猫熊属未定种 Parailurus sp.[148] 上新世早期–上新世中期
鼬科 狗獾属 Meles †古日本獾 M. mukasianakuma
Shikama, 1949[133][58]
更新世中期
†葛生獾 M. leucurus kuzuuensis
Shikama, 1949[133][58]
貂属 Martes †貂貂 M. ten
Shikama, 1949[133]
更新世
海獭貂属英语Enhydrictis Enhydrictis †日本海獭貂 E. (Oriensictis) nipponica 日本水獭 Lutra nipponica
Naora, 1968[149]
更新世中期
日本东方鼬 Oriensictis nipponica[150]
鼬属 Mustela M. constricta[58][144]
†葛生鼬 M. kuzuuensis[58] Putorius kuzuuensis
Shikama, 1949[133]
更新世晚期
鳍足类[151] 海虎科英语Desmatophocidae 异海虎属 Allodesmus[152] †浦幌异海虎 A. uraiporensis
Tonomori et al., 2018[152]
  中新世中期
†直良氏异海虎 A. naorai
Kohno, 1996[153]
†信浓异海虎 A. sinanoensis[153] 信浓北海狮 Eumetopias sinanoensis
Nagao, 1941[154]
 
信浓巨钉兽 Megagomphos sinanoensis[155]
Allodesmus megallos
Hirota, 1995[155]
佐渡异海虎 Allodesmus sadoensis
Hirota, 1995[155]
†异海虎属未定种 Allodesmus sp.[156]  
海狮科 溟海狮属 Thalassoleon †井上氏溟海狮 T. inouei
Kohno, 1992[157]
  上新世
东海狮属 Oriensarctos †渡濑氏东海狮 O. watasei
Matsumoto, 1925
渡濑氏北海狮 Eumetopias watasei
Matsumoto, 1925[158]
更新世早期
北海狗属 Callorhinus †吉氏北海狗 C. gilmorei[159]   上新世
海狮科未定种 Otariidae sp. 小千谷北海狮 Eumetopias ojiyaensis
Horikawa, 1981[160]
更新世晚期
海象科 原狮海象属 Prototaria †扁头原狮海象 P. planicephala
Kohno, 1994[161]
  中新世中期
†始祖原狮海象 P. primigena
Takeyama & Ozawa, 1984[162]
 
伪狮海象属 Pseudotaria †村本氏伪狮海象 P. muramotoi
Kohno, 2006[163]
中新世
古海象属 Archaeodobenus †赤松氏古海象 A. akamatsui
Tanaka & Kohno, 2015[164]
  中新世晚期
原海象属 Protodobenus †日本原海象 Protodobenus japonicus
Horikawa, 1995[165]
  上新世早期
海象属 Odobenus †万田野海象 Odobenus mandanoensis
Tomida, 1989[166]
更新世中期

历史灭绝或区域灭绝

演化支 图片 年代
海牛目 儒艮科 无齿海牛属 Hydrodamalis 大海牛 H. gigas[46]   早更新世-中更新世
啮齿目 鼠形亚目 仓鼠科 田鼠属 Microtus 根田鼠 M. oeconomus[58]   更新世
东方田鼠 M. fortis[58]  
黑足旅鼠属 Myopus 黑足旅鼠 M. schisticolor[58]   更新世
偶蹄目 反刍亚目 鹿科 鹿属 Cervus 水鹿 C. unicolor[167]   上新世
驼鹿属 Alces 驼鹿 A. alces[168]   更新世
麝科 麝属 Moschus 原麝 M. moschiferus[133]   更新世
牛科 牛属 Bos 原牛 B. primigenius[58]   更新世
食肉目 猫型亚目 猫科 豹属 Panthera P. pardus[144]   更新世
Panthera tigris[144][116]  
猞猁属 Lynx 欧亚猞猁 L. lynx[144][169]   更新世-全新世

化石物种与现存或最近灭绝的物种同义词

演化支 异名 图片 年代
偶蹄目 猪形亚目 猪科 猪属 Sus 野猪 S. scrofa[170] 日本猪 Sus nipponicus
Matsumoto, 1915[171]
  更新世-晚更新世
李氏野猪相似种 Sus cf. lydekkeri[133]
奇蹄目 马形亚目 马科 马属 Equus E. caballus[172] 日本马 Equus nipponicus
Shikama & Onuki, 1962[173]
  更新世全新世
食肉目 熊型下目 熊科 熊属 Ursus 棕熊 U. arctos[174] 田中氏熊 Ursus tanakai
Shikama, 1949[133]
  更新世
鳍足类 海狮科 加州海狮属 Zalophus 加州海狮 Z. californianus[175]:72 岸田氏北海狮 Eumetopias (?) kishidai
Shikama, 1953[176]
 
日本海狮 Z. japonicus[175]:72 渡濑海狮 Zalophus kimitsensis
Matsumoto, 1939[177]
  更新世

另见

参考文献

  1. ^ IUCN Red List>Advanced Search>Taxonomy: Mammalia — Red List Category: Extinct — Land Regions: Japan. IUCN. [2022-06-28]. (原始内容存档于2018-06-12). 
  2. ^ レッドリスト 哺乳類 [Red List: Mammals]. Ministry of the Environment. 2020-03-27 [2022-06-28]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-29) (日语). 
  3. ^ Tsubamoto Takahisa; Rougier, Guillermo W.; et al. New Early Cretaceous spalacotheriid "symmetrodont" mammal from Japan (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2004, 49 (3): 329–346 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0567-7920. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-12-07). 
  4. ^ Rougier, Guillermo W.; Isaji Shinji; Manabe, M. An Early Cretaceous mammal from the Kuwajima Formation (Tetori Group), Japan, and a reassessment of triconodont phylogeny. Annals of Carnegie Museum. 2007, 76 (2): 73–115. S2CID 85626914. doi:10.2992/0097-4463(2007)76[73:AECMFT]2.0.CO;2. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Kusuhashi Nao. Early Cretaceous multituberculate mammals from the Kuwajima Formation (Tetori Group), central Japan (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2008, 53 (3): 379–390 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0567-7920. S2CID 56378037. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0302. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-12-07). 
  6. ^ Kusuhashi Nao; Tsutsumi Yukiyasu; Saegusa Haruo; et al. A new Early Cretaceous eutherian mammal from the Sasayama Group, Hyogo, Japan. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 2013, 280 (1759). ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 3619506 . PMID 23536594. doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.0142. 20130142. 
  7. ^ Setoguchi Takeshi; Tsubamoto Takehisa; et al. An early Late Cretaceous mammal from Japan, with reconsideration of the evolution of tribosphenic molars. Paleontological Research. 1999, 3 (1): 18–28. ISSN 1342-8144. doi:10.2517/prpsj.3.18 (不活跃 1 August 2023). 
  8. ^ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 Miyata Kazunori; Tomida Yukimitsu; et al. 日本九州西部赤崎组和中甑组始新世 哺乳动物:初步结果及其与亚洲陆相 哺乳动物分期的对比 [Eocene mammals from the Akasaki and Nakakoshiki formations, western Kyushu, Japan: Preliminary work and correlation with Asian Land Mammal Ages]. Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 2011, 491 (1): 53–68 (中文及英语). 
  9. ^ Miyata Kazunori; Tomida Yukimitsu. A new tillodont from the early Middle Eocene of Japan and its implication to the subfamily Trogosinae (Tillodontia: Mammalia). Paleontological Research. 1998, 2 (1): 53–66. doi:10.2517/prpsj.2.53 (不活跃 1 August 2023). 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. 日本産マストヾンの二新種(略報) [Preliminary notes on two new species of fossil mastodon from Japan]. Journal of the Geological Society of Tokyo. 1924, 31 (375): 395–414. ISSN 0016-7630. doi:10.5575/geosoc.31.375_395 (日语). 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Makiyama Jirō. Japonic Proboscidea. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University. Series B. 1938, 14 (1): 1–59. ISSN 0368-8895. hdl:2433/257870. 
  12. ^ Kamei Tadao. 「日本の長鼻類化石」とそれ以後 [On Japanese Proboscidean Fossils and views of the studies after that]. Earth Science (Chikyū Kagaku). 2000, 54 (4): 211–230. doi:10.15080/agcjchikyukagaku.54.4_211 (日语及英语). 
  13. ^ Saegusa Haruo. Dwarf Stegolophodon from the Miocene of Japan: Passengers on sinking boats. Quaternary International. 2008, 182 (1): 49–62 [2023-12-29]. Bibcode:2008QuInt.182...49S. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2007.08.001. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07). 
  14. ^ Yabe Hisakatsu. Three Alleged Occurrences of Stegolophodon latidens (Clift) in Japan. Proceedings of the Japan Academy. 1950, 26 (9): 61–65. ISSN 0021-4280. doi:10.2183/pjab1945.26.9_61. 
  15. ^ Shikama Tokio; Kirii Yoshihiro. 304. A Miocene stegolophodon from Yatuo Group in Toyama Prefecture 富山県八尾層群産の中新世Stegolophodon [A Miocene Stegolophodon from Yatuo Group in Toyama Prefecture]. Transactions and Proceedings of the Paleontological Society of Japan. New Series. 1956, 24 (24): 285–289. ISSN 0031-0204. doi:10.14825/prpsj1951.1956.24_285 (英语及日语). 
  16. ^ Hatai Kotora. Discovery of a Miocene elephant molar from the Sennan District, Miyagi Prefecture, northeast Japan. Saito Ho-on Kai Museum Research Bulletin. 1959, 28: 1–4. 
  17. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. 陸中國東磐井郡松川村及其他本邦産ステゴドン及パラステゴドンに就て [On Japanese stegodonts and parastegodonts]. Dōbutsugaku zasshi. 1941, 53 (8): 385–396 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0044-5118. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07) (日语及英语). 
  18. ^ Fossil Elephant Research Group. New species of Stegolophodon found from the Shigarami formation, northern part of Nagano prefecture, central Japan. Earth Science (Chikyū Kagaku). 1979, 33 (1): 11–25. ISSN 0366-6611. doi:10.15080/agcjchikyukagaku.33.1_11. 
  19. ^ Itsukaichi Stegodon Research Group. [On Stegodons fossils from Itsukaichi, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo]. Bunkazaki No Hogo. 1980, 12: 76–91 (日语). 
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 Taruno Hiroyuki. 日本列島産"Parastegodon"属の分類学的再検討 [Systematic revision of the genus "Parastegodon" from the Japanese Islands (Mammalia: Proboscidea)]. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History. 1991, 45: 5–16 (英语及日语). 
  21. ^ Aiba, H.; Baba, K.; Matsukawa, M. A new species of Stegodon (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from the Kazusa Group (lower Pleistocene), Hachioji City, Tokyo, Japan and its evolutionary morphodynamics. Palaeontology. 2010, 53 (3): 471–490. Bibcode:2010Palgy..53..471A. S2CID 128161878. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00953.x. 
  22. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. On a New Archetypal Fossil Elephant from Mt. Tomuro, Kaga. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. 2nd Series, Geology. 1918, 3 (2): 51–56. ISSN 0082-464X. hdl:10097/30161. 
  23. ^ [[Tokunaga Shigeyasu|]]. 横濱市及び神奈川縣柿生村發見の象齒化石に就て [On Fossil Elephant Teeth Found in Yokohama City and Kakio Village, Kanagawa Prefecture]. Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi). 1934, 46 (8): 363–371. doi:10.5026/jgeography.46.363 (日语). 
  24. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu. A New Fossil Elephant Found in Shikoku, Japan. Proceedings of the Imperial Academy. 1935, 11 (10): 432–434. S2CID 128053908. doi:10.2183/pjab1912.11.432. 
  25. ^ Takai Fuyuji. On a New Fossil Elephant from Okubo-mura, Akashi-gun, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. Proceedings of the Imperial Academy. 1936, 12 (1): 19–21. doi:10.2183/pjab1912.12.19. 
  26. ^ Shikama Tokio. Parastegodon infrequens sp. nov. from the Akashi district. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography. 1937, 14 (3–4): 127–131. 
  27. ^ Konishi Shōgo; Yoshikawa Shūsaku. トウヨウゾウ・ナウマンゾウの日本列島への移入時期と陸橋形成 [Immigration times of the two proboscidean species, Stegodon orientalis and Palaeoloxodon naumanni, into the Japanese Islands and the formation of land bridge]. Earth Science (Chikyū Kagaku). 1999, 53 (2): 125–134. ISSN 0366-6611. doi:10.15080/agcjchikyukagaku.53.2_125 (日语及英语). 
  28. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. 日本産ステゴドンの種類(略報) [Species of Stegodon From Japan]. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan. 1924, 31 (373): 323–340. doi:10.5575/geosoc.31.373_323 (日语). 
  29. ^ Kondō Yōichi. 日本を代表するゾウ化石 ナウマンゾウ(ふぉっしる) [The Elephant Fossils that Represent Japan: Naumann's Elephant (Palaeoloxodon naumanni)]. Fossils. 2006, 79: 81–87. ISSN 0022-9202. doi:10.14825/kaseki.79.0_81 (日语). 
  30. ^ Makiyama Jirō. Notes on a fossil elephant from Sahamma, Tôtômi. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University. Series B. 1924, 1 (2): 255–264. ISSN 0368-8895. hdl:2433/257670. 
  31. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. 日本産化石象の種類(略報) [Preliminary note on fossil elephants in Japan]. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan. 1924, 31 (371): 255–272. ISSN 0016-7630. doi:10.5575/geosoc.31.371_255 (日语). 
  32. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. On a New Fossil Race of the Asiatic Elephant in Japan. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. 2nd Series, Geology. 1927, 3: 57–58. ISSN 0082-464X. hdl:10097/30203. 
  33. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. On Loxodonta (Palaeoloxodon) namadica Falconer & Cautley in Japan. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. 2nd Series, Geology. 1929, 13 (1): 1–5. ISSN 0082-464X. hdl:10097/30215. 
  34. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu; Takai Fujuji. 横濱市及び神奈川縣柿生村發見の象齒化石に就て [Fossil elephant teeth found at Yokohama and Kakio, Kanagawa Prefecture]. Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi). 1934, 46 (8): 363–371. doi:10.5026/jgeography.46.363 (日语). 
  35. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu; Takai Fujuji. 青森縣七戸町附近の地質と出土の象化石 [Geology in the Vicinity of Shichinohe, Aomori Prefecture, and an Excavated Fossil Elephant]. Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi). 1936, 48 (2): 67–70. doi:10.5026/jgeography.48.67 (日语). 
  36. ^ Makiyama Jirō. 化石動物の學名と國際動物命名規則(つヾき) [Scientific Names of Fossils and the International Rules of zoological Nomencalature (2)]. Chikyu: The Globe. 1929, 12 (5): 358–367. hdl:2433/183683 (日语). 
  37. ^ Geer, Alexandra van der; Lyras, George; Vos, John de. Evolution of Island Mammals: Adaptation and Extinction of Placental Mammals on Islands. Wiley-Blackwell. 2021. ISBN 978-1-119-67573-0. 
  38. ^ Yoshikawa Shūsaku; Kawamura Yoshinari; Taruno Hiroyuki. Land bridge formation and proboscidean immigration into the Japanese Islands during the Quaternary (PDF). Journal of Geosciences, Osaka City University. 2007, 50 (1): 1–6 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-07-16). 
  39. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. 日本産化石象の種類(略報) [Types of Fossil Elephant from Japan]. Journal of the Geological Society of Tokyo. 1924, 31 (371): 255–272. ISSN 0016-7630. doi:10.5575/geosoc.31.371_255 (日语). 
  40. ^ 40.0 40.1 Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. On the Archetypal Mammoths from the Province of Kazusa. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. 2nd Series, Geology. 1926, 10 (2): 43–50. ISSN 0082-464X. hdl:10097/30194. 
  41. ^ Dietrich, W.O. Discussion of Matsumoto's paper "On the archetypal mammoths from the Province of Kazusa". Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abt. B. 1927, 1: 314. 
  42. ^ Shikama Tokio. Nomenclative notes of Parelephas protomammonteus (Matsumoto). Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography. 1937, 14: 163–166. 
  43. ^ Matsumoto; Ozaki, H. On a new geological subspecies of Archidiskodon paramammonteus Matsumoto, Discovered at Ono, Shiga Town, Province of Omi. Bulletin of the National Science Museum. 1959, 4 (4): 355–358. 
  44. ^ Takahashi Keiichi; et al. The chronological record of the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) in Japan, and its temporary replacement by Palaeoloxodon naumanni during MIS 3 in Hokkaido (northern Japan). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2006, 233 (1–2): 1–10 [2023-12-29]. Bibcode:2006PPP...233....1T. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.08.006. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07). 
  45. ^ Takahashi Shizuo; Domning, Daryl Paul; Saitō Tsunemasa. Dusisiren dewana, n. sp. (Mammalia: Sirenia), a new ancestor of Steller's sea cow from the upper Miocene of Yamagata Prefecture, northeastern Japan (PDF). Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan. New Series. 1986, 141: 296–321 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0031-0204. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-12-07). 
  46. ^ 46.0 46.1 Kobayashi Shōji; Horikawa Hideo; Miyazaki Shigeo. A new species of Sirenia (Mammalia: Hydrodamalinae) from the Shiotsubo Formation in Takasato, Aizu, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 1995, 15 (4): 815–829. Bibcode:1995JVPal..15..815K. ISSN 0272-4634. JSTOR 4523672. doi:10.1080/02724634.1995.10011264. 
  47. ^ Furusawa Hitoshi. A new species of Hydrodamaline Sirenia from Hokkaido, Japan. Takikawa: Takikawa Museum of Art and Natural History. 1988: 1–76. 
  48. ^ Tomida Yukimitsu. New Species of Alloptox (Lagomorpha, Ochotonidae), First Record of the Genus in Japan, and Subgeneric Distinction. Paleontological Research. 2012, 16 (1): 19–25. S2CID 86696886. doi:10.2517/1342-8144-16.1.019. 
  49. ^ 49.0 49.1 Katō Takafumi; Ōtsuka Hiroyuki. 日本西部渐新世一中新世啮齿类及其地质古生物学意义 [Discovery of the Oligo-Miocene Rodents from West Japan and their Geological and Paleontological Significance] (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 1995, 33 (4): 315–329 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-07-16) (中文及英语). 
  50. ^ 50.0 50.1 50.2 50.3 Tomida Yukimitsu; Nakaya Hideo; Saegusa Haruo; Miyata Kazunori; Fukuichi Akira. Miocene Land Mammals and Stratigraphy of Japan. Wang Xiaoming; Flynn, Lawrence J.; Fortelius, Mikael (编). Fossil Mammals of Asia: Neogene Biostratigraphy and Chronology. New York: Columbia University Press. 2013: 314–333. ISBN 978-0-231-15012-5. doi:10.7312/columbia/9780231150125.003.0012. 
  51. ^ Tomida Yukimitsu; Kawai Kōji; Setoguchi Takashi; Ozawa Tomowo. A New Record of Youngofiber (Castoridae, Mammalia) from the Early Miocene of Kani City, Central Japan (PDF). Bulletin of the National Science Museum. Series C (National Science Museum). 1995, 21 (3,4): 103–109 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0385-244X. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-01-27). 
  52. ^ Young, Chung-Chien. On a New Trogontherium from Hsiatsaohwan, Shihhunghsien and with notes on the mammalian remains from Chi-tsu, Wuhohsien, Anhwei. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica. 1955, 3 (1): 55–66. ISSN 0001-6616. doi:10.19800/j.cnki.aps.1955.01.005. 
  53. ^ Mörs, Thomas; Tomida Yukimitsu; Kalthoff, Daniela C. A new large beaver (Mammalia, Castoridae) from the early Miocene of Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 216, 36 (2): e1080720. S2CID 130053036. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1080720. e1080720. 
  54. ^ Mörs, Thomas; Tomida Yukimitsu. Euroxenomys nanus sp. nov., a Minute Beaver (Rodentia, Castoridae) from the Early Miocene of Japan. Paleontological Research. 2018, 22 (2): 145–149. S2CID 135123180. doi:10.2517/2017PR013. 
  55. ^ Tomida Yukimitsu. New Species of Alloptox (Lagomorpha, Ochotonidae), First Record of the Genus in Japan, and Subgeneric Distinction. Palaeontologia Electronica. 2011, 14 (3). 25A. 
  56. ^ Kimura Yui; et al. A new endemic genus of eomyid rodents from the early Miocene of Japan. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 2019, 64 (2): 303–312. S2CID 134415370. doi:10.4202/app.00558.2018. 
  57. ^ 57.0 57.1 Kawamura Yoshinari. Quaternary Rodent Faunas in the Japanese Islands (Part 1). Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyoto University. Series of Geology and Mineralogy. 1988, 53 (1–2): 31–348. ISSN 0454-7810. hdl:2433/186660. 
  58. ^ 58.00 58.01 58.02 58.03 58.04 58.05 58.06 58.07 58.08 58.09 58.10 58.11 58.12 58.13 Kawamura Yoshinari. Quaternary Mammalian Faunas in the Japanese Islands. The Quaternary Research (Daiyonki Kenkyū). 1991, 30 (3): 213–220. ISSN 0418-2642. doi:10.4116/jaqua.30.213. 
  59. ^ Nishioka, Y.; et al. Small mammalian remains from the late Holocene deposits on Ishigaki and Yonaguni Islands, Southwestern Japan. Zoological Studies. 2016, 55 (55): e5. PMC 6511827 . PMID 31966150. doi:10.6620/ZS.2016.55-05. e5. 
  60. ^ Kawaguchi Satoshi; Kaneko Yukibumi; Hasegawa Yoshikazu. A new species of the fossil murine rodent from the Pinza-Abu Cave, the Miyako Island of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan (PDF). Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History. 2009, 13: 15–28 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-05-21). 
  61. ^ Iwamoto Mitsuo; Hasegawa Yoshikazu; Koizumi Akihiro. A Pliocene colobine from the Nakatsu Group, Kanagawa, Japan. Anthropological Science. 2005, 113 (1): 123–127. ISSN 0918-7960. doi:10.1537/ase.04S017. 
  62. ^ Oshima Mitsuharu; Tomida Yukimitsu; Orihara Takamichi. A new species of Plesiosorex (Mammalia, Eulipotyphla) from the Early Miocene of Japan: first record of the genus from East Asia. Fossil Imprint. 2017, 73 (3–4): 292–299. ISSN 2533-4050. S2CID 6909011. doi:10.2478/if-2017-0016. 
  63. ^ Hasegawa Yoshikazu. On a New Insectivora from the Upper Kuzuu Formation in Japan. Science Reports of the Yokohama National University. Section II, Biological and Geological Sciences. 1957, 6: 65–69. ISSN 0513-5613. hdl:10131/2910. 
  64. ^ Shikama Tokio; Hasegawa Yoshikazu. On a new Anourosorex from the Ryûgasi Formation (Fissure Deposits) in Japan. Science Reports of the Yokohama National University. Section II, Biological and Geological Sciences. 1958, 7: 105–117. ISSN 0513-5613. hdl:10131/2920. 
  65. ^ Yoon, Myung Hee; Kuramoto Tadashi; Uchida Teru Aki. Studies on Middle Pleistocene Bats including Pleistomyotis gen. et sp. nov. and Two New Extinct Myotis Species from the Akiyoshi-dai Plateau. Bulletin of the Akiyoshi-dai Museum of Natural History. 1984, 19: 15–26 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07). 
  66. ^ 66.0 66.1 Inuzuka Norihisa. Primitive Late Oligocene Desmostylians from Japan and Phylogeny of the Desmostylia. Bulletin of Ashoro Museum of Paleontology. 2000, 1: 91–123. 
  67. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu; Iwasaki C. Notes on Desmostylus japonicus. The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan. 1914, 21 (255): 33. doi:10.5575/geosoc.21.255_33. 
  68. ^ Yoshiwara, S; Iwasaki, J. Notes on a New Fossil Mammal. Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo. 1902, 16 (6): 1–13 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档于2023-06-24). 
  69. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu. デスモスチラス科の新哺乳動物化石 [A new fossil mammal belonging to the Desmostylidae]. 矢部教授還暦記念論文集 第1巻 [Jubilee Publication in Commemoration of Professor Yabe's 60th Birthday] I. Sendai. 1939: 289–299 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07). 
  70. ^ Inuzuka Norihisa. The Stanford Skeleton of Paleoparadoxia (Mammalia: Desmostylia). Bulletin of Ashoro Museum of Paleontology. 2005, 3: 3–110. 
  71. ^ Takai, F. An addition to the Mammalian fauna of the Japanese Miocene. Journal of Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Section of Geology. 1954, 9: 331–335. 
  72. ^ Oshima Mitsuharu; et al. First record of the genus Hyotherium (Mammalia: Suidae) from Japan. Memoir of the Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum. 2008, 7: 25–32. 
  73. ^ 73.0 73.1 Tsubamoto Takehisa; et al. Paleogene mammals from the Iwaki Formation in Japan: Their implications for the geologic age and paleobiogeography of this formation. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 2015, 108: 18–32. Bibcode:2015JAESc.108...18T. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.03.049. 
  74. ^ 74.0 74.1 Tsubamoto Takehisa; et al. Geological age of the Yokawa Formation of the Kobe Group (Japan) on the basis of terrestrial mammalian fossils. Island Arc. 2007, 16 (3): 479–492. S2CID 130952760. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1738.2007.00577.x. 
  75. ^ Tsubamoto Takehisa; Kōno Naoki. Reappraisal of "Brachyodus" japonicus, an Oligocene anthoracothriid cetartiodactyl from Japan. Paleontological Research. 2011, 15 (3): 115–124. S2CID 86447390. doi:10.2517/1342-8144-15.3.115. 
  76. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu. 佐世保伊萬里炭田と其地質時代 [The Sasebo Imari Coal Mine and its geologic age]. Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi). 1925, 37 (10): 557–567. doi:10.5026/jgeography.37.557. 
  77. ^ Makiyama Jirō. Sinanodelphis izumidaensis, a new Miocene dolphin of Japan. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University. Series B. 1936, 11 (2): 115–134. ISSN 0368-8895. hdl:2433/257834. 
  78. ^ Horikawa Hideo. 北海道樺戸山地、中新統産のスジイルカ属の新種について [A new species of fossil dolphin from the Miocene deposits of Kabato mountainland, Hokkaido, Japan]. Earth Science (Chikyū Kagaku). 1977, 31 (3): 97–114. ISSN 0366-6611. doi:10.15080/agcjchikyukagaku.31.3_97. 
  79. ^ Kimura Toshiyuki; Hasegawa Yoshikazu. Norisdelphis annakaensis, a new Miocene delphinid from Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2020, 40 (1): e1762628. Bibcode:2020JVPal..40E2628K. S2CID 221749216. doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1762628. e1762628. 
  80. ^ 80.0 80.1 Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. On Some Fossil Cetaceans of Japan. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. 2nd Series, Geology. 1926, 10 (1): 17–27. ISSN 0082-464X. hdl:10097/30190. 
  81. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. 上總國君津郡湊町長濱の上部鮮新系基底層産化石逆叉の一新種 [A New Species of Orc from the Basal Calabrian at Naganuma, Minato Town, Province of Kazusa, Japan]. Dōbutsugaku zasshi. 1937, 49 (5): 191–193 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07) (日语及英语). 
  82. ^ Guo Zixuan; Kōno Naoki. A new kentriodontid (Cetacea: Odontoceti) from the early to middle Miocene of the western North Pacific and a revision of kentriodontid phylogeny. PeerJ. 2021, 9: e10945. PMC 7912617 . PMID 33665037. doi:10.7717/peerj.10945 . e10945. 
  83. ^ Ichishima Hiroto. A new fossil kentriodontid dolphin (Cetacea; Kentriodontidae) from the Middle Miocene Takinoue Formation, Hokkaido, Japan. Island Arc. 1994, 3 (4): 473–485. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1738.1994.tb00126.x. 
  84. ^ Ichishima Hiroto; et al. First monodontid cetacean (Odontoceti, Delphinoidea) from the early Pliocene of the north-western Pacific Ocean. Papers in Palaeontology. 2019, 5 (2): 323–342. S2CID 134689324. doi:10.1002/spp2.1244. 
  85. ^ 85.0 85.1 Murakami Mizuki; et al. Two new extinct basal phocoenids (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinoidea), from the upper Miocene Koetoi Formation of Japan and their phylogenetic significance. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2012, 32 (5): 1172–1185. Bibcode:2012JVPal..32.1172M. S2CID 84268028. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694337. 
  86. ^ Murakami Mizuki; et al. A new basal porpoise, Pterophocaena nishinoi (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinoidea), from the upper Miocene of Japan and its phylogenetic relationships. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2012, 32 (5): 655–664. Bibcode:2012JVPal..32.1157M. JSTOR 23251307. S2CID 86825231. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.677299. 
  87. ^ Ichishima Hiroto; Kimura Masaichi. Haborophocoena toyoshimai, a new early Pliocene porpoise (Cetacea; Phocoenidae) from Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2005, 25 (3): 655–664. JSTOR 4524485. S2CID 85421985. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0655:htanep]2.0.co;2. 
  88. ^ Ichishima Hiroto; Kimura Masaichi. A new species of Haborophocoena, an Early Pliocene phocoenid cetacean from Hokkaido, Japan. Marine Mammal Science. 2009, 25 (4): 855–874. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2009.00293.x. 
  89. ^ Ichishima Hiroto; Kimura Masaichi. A new fossil porpoise (Cetacea; Delphinoidea; Phocoenidae) from the Early Pliocene Horokaoshirarika Formation, Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2000, 20 (3): 561–576. JSTOR 4524127. S2CID 131546796. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0561:ANFPCD]2.0.CO;2. 
  90. ^ Kawatani Ayako; Kohno Naoki. The oldest fossil record of the extant genus Berardius (Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) from the Middle to Late Miocene boundary of the western North Pacific. Royal Society Open Science. 2021, 8 (3): 201152. Bibcode:2021RSOS....801152K. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 8074928 . PMID 33959310. doi:10.1098/rsos.201152. 201152. 
  91. ^ Kimura Toshiyuki 木村敏之; Barnes, Lawrence G. New Miocene fossil Allodelphinidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Platanistoidea) from the North Pacific Ocean (PDF). Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History. 2016, 20: 1–58 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 1342-4092. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-12-07). 
  92. ^ Murakami, Mizuki. A new extinct inioid (Cetacea, Odontoceti) from the Upper Miocene Senhata Formation, Chiba, central Japan: the first record of Inioidea from the North Pacific Ocean. Paleontological Research. 2016, 20 (3): 207–225. ISSN 1342-8144. S2CID 132209924. doi:10.2517/2015PR031. 
  93. ^ Kimura Toshiyuki; Hasegawa Yoshikazu. A New Physeteroid from the Lower Miocene of Japan. Paleontological Research. 2022, 26 (1): 87–101. S2CID 245478545. doi:10.2517/PR200021. 
  94. ^ Hirota Kiyoharu; Barnes, Lawrence G. A new species of Middle Miocene sperm whale of the genus Scaldicetus (Cetacea; Physeteridae) from Shiga-mura, Japan. Island Arc. 1994, 3 (4): 453–472. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1738.1994.tb00125.x. 
  95. ^ Okazaki Yoshihiko. A new mysticete from the upper Oligocene Ashiya Group, Kyushu, Japan and its significance to mysticete evolution. Bulletin of the Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History, Series A (Natural History). 2012, 10: 129–152. ISSN 1348-2653. doi:10.34522/kmnh.10.0_129. 
  96. ^ Tanaka Yoshihiro; Furusawa Hitoshi; Kimura Masaichi. A new member of fossil balaenid (Mysticeti, Cetacea) from the early Pliocene of Hokkaido, Japan. Royal Society Open Science. 2020, 7 (4): 192182. Bibcode:2020RSOS....792182T. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 7211833 . PMID 32431893. doi:10.1098/rsos.192182. 192182. 
  97. ^ Tanaka Yoshihiro; Andō Tatsurō; Sawamura Hiroshi. A new species of Middle Miocene baleen whale from the Nupinai Group, Hikatagawa Formation of Hokkaido, Japan. PeerJ. 2018, 6: e4934. PMC 6025157 . PMID 29967715. doi:10.7717/peerj.4934 . e4934. 
  98. ^ Kimura Toshiyuki; Ozawa Tomowo. A new cetothere (Cetacea: Mysticeti) from the Early Miocene of Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2002, 22 (3): 684–702. ISSN 0272-4634. JSTOR 4524259. S2CID 130404384. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2002)022[0684:ANCCMF]2.0.CO;2. 
  99. ^ Yoshida Kenichi; Kimura Toshiyuki; Hasegawa Yoshikazu. 埼玉県の中部中新統秩父町層群奈倉層産ケトテリウム類の一新種 [New cetothere (Cetacea: Mysticeti) from the Miocene Chichibumachi Group, Japan]. Bulletin of the Saitama Museum of Natural History. 2003, 20–21: 1–10. ISSN 0288-5611. 
  100. ^ 100.0 100.1 100.2 Ōtsuka Hiroyuki; Ōta Yasuhiro. 広島県庄原地域における中期中新世備北層群産のケトテリウム類化石 [Cetotheres from the early Middle Miocene Bihoku group in Shobara District, Hiroshima Prefecture, West Japan]. Miscellaneous Reports of the Hiwa Museum for Natural History. 2008, 49: 1–66. ISSN 0285-5615. 
  101. ^ Kimura Toshiyuki; Hasegawa Yoshikazu. A new baleen whale (Mysticeti: Cetotheriidae) from the earliest late Miocene of Japan and a reconsideration of the phylogeny of cetotheres. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2010, 30 (2): 577–591. Bibcode:2010JVPal..30..577K. JSTOR 40666177. S2CID 85819006. doi:10.1080/02724631003621912. 
  102. ^ Kimura Toshiyuki; Hasegawa Yoshikazu; Kōno Naoki. A new species of the genus Eschrichtius (Cetacea: Mysticeti) from the Early Pleistocene of Japan. Paleontological Research. 2018, 22 (1): 1–19. ISSN 1342-8144. S2CID 134494152. doi:10.2517/2017PR007. 
  103. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. On a New Archetypal Fossil Cervid from the Prov. of Mino. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. 2nd Series, Geology. 1918, 3 (2): 75–81. hdl:10097/30164. 
  104. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu. Geology of the Jōban Coalfield. Memoirs of the Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University. 1927, (5): 13–16 (日语). 
  105. ^ 105.0 105.1 Nishioka Yuichirō; et al. Lower Miocene cervoid ruminants (Artiodactyla) from the Koura Formation, Matsue, southwestern Japan. Paleontological Research. 2016, 20 (4): 289–295. S2CID 132128279. doi:10.2517/2015PR037. 
  106. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu. 信濃國第三紀層より發見の鹿齒化石 [Deer Fossils from the Tertiary Layer of Shinano Province]. Journal of the Geological Society of Tokyo. 1926, 33 (397): 397–402. doi:10.5575/geosoc.33.397_397 (日语). 
  107. ^ 107.0 107.1 107.2 107.3 Shikama Tokio. Fossil deer from Japan 日本產化石鹿. 矢部教授還暦記念論文集 第2巻 [Jubilee Publication in the Commemoration of Professor H. Yabe, M.I.A. 60th Birthday] (PDF) II. 1941: 1125–1170 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-12-07). 
  108. ^ 108.0 108.1 Kawamura Yoshinari. Fossil Record of Sika Deer in Japan. McCullough, Dale R.; Takatsuki Seiki; Kaji Koichi (编). Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations. Springer. 2009: 11–25. ISBN 978-4-431-09428-9. doi:10.1007/978-4-431-09429-6_2. 
  109. ^ 109.0 109.1 Ōtsuka Hiroyuki. Pleistocene Vertebrate Fauna from the Kuchinotsu Group of West Kyushu: Part II. Two New Species of Fossil Deer. Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University. Series D, Geology. 1967, 18 (2): 277–312. doi:10.5109/1543658. 
  110. ^ Grubb, Peter. Valid and invalid nomenclature of living and fossil deer, Cervidae (PDF). Acta Theriologica. 2000, 45 (3): 289–307 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0001-7051. doi:10.4098/AT.arch.00-30. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-10-08). 
  111. ^ 111.0 111.1 111.2 Dong Wei; et al. New material of the Early Pleistocene Elaphurus (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from North China and discussion on taxonomy of Elaphurus. Quaternary International. 2019, 519 (519): 113–121. Bibcode:2019QuInt.519..113D. S2CID 134111824. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2018.05.015. 
  112. ^ Ōtsuka Hiroyuki. A New Species of Elaphurus from the Akashi Formation in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. Reports of the Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University. 1968, 1: 121–129. hdl:10232/6150. 
  113. ^ Shikama Tokio; Hasegawa Yoshikazu. On a New Species of Elaphurus (Cervid, Mammal) from Akishima City, Tokyo (PDF). Bulletin of the National Science Museum. Series C. 1976, 2 (3): 139–144 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-06-17). 
  114. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu; Takai Fuyuji. A New Roe-deer, Capreolus (Capreolina) mayai, n. subgen. and n. sp., from the Inland Sea of Japan. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan. 1936, 43 (515): 642–646. doi:10.5575/geosoc.43.642. 
  115. ^ Takakuwa Yūji; Nishida Tamio; Hasegawa Yoshikazu. マヤシフゾウElaphurus mayaiの頭部の復元 [Reconstruction of the skull of Maya's Pere David's deer Elaphurus mayai] (PDF). Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History. 1999, 3: 77–81 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-04-19) (日语). 
  116. ^ 116.0 116.1 116.2 Taruno Hiroyuki; Ishida Shinogu; Okumura Kiyoshi. 岐阜県熊石洞産の後期更新世のヒグマ,トラ,ナウマンゾウ,カズサジカ,カモシカ属の化石 [Late Pleistocene mammalian fauna from Kumaishi-do Cave, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan: Brown bear, tiger, Naumann's elephant, Kazusa deer and serow]. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History. 2018, 72: 81–151. doi:10.20643/00001297 (日语及英语). 
  117. ^ 117.0 117.1 117.2 117.3 Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. On some new fossil Cervicorns from Kazusa and Liukiu. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. 2nd Series, Geology. 1926, 10 (2): 17–25. ISSN 0082-464X. hdl:10097/30191. 
  118. ^ Shikama Tokio. 本邦産化石鹿の一新種ニホンムカシジカ(Cervus(cfr., Anoglochis) Praenipponicus sp. nov.)に就いて [On a New Species of Fossil Deer (Cervus (cfr. Anoglochis) praenipponicus sp. nov.) from Japan]. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan. 1936, 43 (510): 168–176. doi:10.5575/geosoc.43.168 (日语). 
  119. ^ Shikama Tokio. Depéretia, a New Subgenus of Cervus, with a Note on a New Species from the Pleistocene of Japan. Proceedings of the Imperial Academy. 1936, 12 (8): 251–254. S2CID 83931946. doi:10.2183/pjab1912.12.251. 
  120. ^ 120.0 120.1 120.2 Ōtsuka Hiroyuki; Shikama Tokio. Studies on Fossil Deer of the Takao Collection (Pleistocene Deer Fauna in the Seto Inland Sea, West Japan—Part I) (PDF). Bulletin of the National Science Museum. Series C. 1977, 3 (1): 9–40 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-06-26). 
  121. ^ Ōtuska Hiroyuki. Growth of antler in the subgenus Sika (Cervid, Mammal) from the Pleistocene formation in the Seto Inland Sea, West Japan. Transactions and Proceedings of the Paleontological Society of Japan. New Series. 1988, 1988 (152): 625–643. doi:10.14825/prpsj1951.1988.152_625. 
  122. ^ Harunari Hideji. Relationship between the Extinction of the Big Animals and the Human Activities at the Late Pleistocene in Japan (PDF). Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History. 2001, 90: 51–52 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-07-16). 
  123. ^ Shikama Tokio; Hasegawa Yoshikazu. On a New Fossil Cervid Antler from Western Japan. Science Reports of the Yokohama National University. Section II, Biological and Geological Sciences. 1965, 12: 45–47. hdl:10131/2939. 
  124. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. 上總國君津郡湊町長濱の上部鮮新系基定層産鹿角化石 [On Some Fossil Antlers of Deers from the Basal Calabrian at Nagahama, Minato Town, Province of Kazusa, Japan]. Dōbutsugaku zasshi. 1938, 50 (3): 111–115 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07) (日语及英语). 
  125. ^ Ōtsuka Hiroyuki. Pleistocene Vertebrate Fauna from the Kuchinotsu Group of West Kyushu: Part I. A New Species of Cervus (Rusa). Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University. Series D, Geology. 1966, 17 (3): 251–269. doi:10.5109/1543644. 
  126. ^ Ōtsuka Hiroyuki. 山口県秋吉台産の後期更新世鹿科Nipponicervus亜属 [Late Pleistocene Nipponicervus (cervid, Mammal) from the Akiyoshi Plateau, West Japan]. Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan. New Series. 1977, 104: 448‒458. ISSN 0031-0204 (英语及日语). 
  127. ^ Shikama Tokio. Discovery of a giant fallow deer from the Pleistocene in Japan. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography. 1938, 16: 115–122. ISSN 0021-5058. 
  128. ^ 128.0 128.1 Matsumoto Hikoshichirō; Mori Hajime. 陸中国西磐井郡花泉町金森発見の鮮新紀末葉化石床の哺乳類 [On the Mammals of the very Late Pliocene fossiliferous Zone at Kanamori, Hanaizumi, Nishi-iwai District, Province of Rikuchû]. Dōbutsugaku zasshi. 1956, 65 (6): 17–27 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07) (日语及英语). 
  129. ^ Kamei Tadao. Discovery of Megacerid Deer from Totchū, Nagano-ken, Central Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Shinshu University. Part 2, Natural Science. 1958, 8: 69–74. hdl:10091/4158. 
  130. ^ Ōtsuka Hiroyuki. "ニッポンキリンGiraffa(Orasius?)nipponica Matsumoto"の検討 [Examination of type-specimen of "Nippon giraffe" (Giraffa nipponica Matsumoto, 1926)] (PDF). Abstracts of the Meeting of the Palaeontological Society of Japan. 1991: 67 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-12-07) (日语). 
  131. ^ Ōtsuka Yanosuke. On the stratigraphic horizon of Elephas from Miyako Is., Ryūkyū Islands, Japan. Proceedings of the Imperial Academy. 1941, 17 (2): 43–47. ISSN 0369-9846. doi:10.2183/pjab1912.17.43. 
  132. ^ Hasegawa Yoshikazu; Ōtsuka Hiroyuki; Nohara Tomohide. 古島の古脊椎勤物について(琉球列島の古脊椎動物相そのl [On the prehistoric vertebrates of Miyako-jima. (Prehistoric vertebrates of the Ryūkyū Islands I)]. Memoirs of the National Science Museum. 1973, 6: 53–58. ISSN 0082-4755. 
  133. ^ 133.0 133.1 133.2 133.3 133.4 133.5 133.6 133.7 133.8 Shikama Tokio. The Kuzuü ossuaries: geological and palaeontological studies of the limestone fissure deposits, in Kuzuü, Totigi Prefecture. Science Reports of the Tohoku University. Second Series, Geology. 1949, 23: 1–201. ISSN 0082-464X. hdl:10097/28743. 
  134. ^ Miyata Kazunori; Tomida Yukimitsu. Anchitherium (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Equidae) from the Early Miocene Hiramaki Formation, Gifu Prefecture, Japan, and its Implication for the Early Diversification of Asian Anchitherium. Journal of Paleontology. 2010, 84 (4): 763–773. Bibcode:2010JPal...84..763M. S2CID 129997346. doi:10.1666/09-128.1. 
  135. ^ 135.0 135.1 135.2 Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. Descriptions of some new fossil mammals from Kani District, Prov. of Mino, with revisions of some Asiatic fossil rhinocerotids. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. 2nd Series, Geology (Tohoku Imperial University). 1921, 5 (3): 75–92. ISSN 0082-464X. hdl:10097/30172. 
  136. ^ 136.0 136.1 Handa Naoto; Kawabe Soichirō. Femur of Schizotheriinae (Perissodactyla, Chalicotheriidae) from the Lower Miocene Hiramaki Formation of the Mizunami Group in Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2016, 36 (4): 1–5. Bibcode:2016JVPal..36E1163H. JSTOR 24740267. S2CID 131390308. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1131163. 
  137. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu. A list of the fossil land mammals of Japan and Korea: with descriptions of new Eocene forms from Korea. American Museum Novitates. 1933, (627): 1–7. hdl:2246/2053. 
  138. ^ Tomida Yukimitsu. A New Helaletid Tapiroid (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Hokkaido, Japan, and the Age of the Urahoro Group (PDF). Bulletin of the National Science Museum. Series C (National Science Museum). 1983, 9 (4): 151–163 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0385-244X. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-06-12). 
  139. ^ 139.0 139.1 139.2 Tokunaga Shigeyasu. Fossils of Rhinocerotidae found in Japan. Proceedings of the Imperial Academy. 1926, 2 (6): 289–291. doi:10.2183/pjab1912.2.289. 
  140. ^ Handa Naoto; Pandolfi, Luca. Reassessment of the Middle Pleistocene Japanese Rhinoceroses (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) and Paleobiogeographic Implications (PDF). Paleontological Research. 2016, 20 (3): 247–260 [2023-12-29]. S2CID 132186046. doi:10.2517/2015PR034. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-07-16). 
  141. ^ Shikama Tokio; Hasegawa Yoshikazu; Okafuji Gorō. On a Rhinocerid Skull from Isa, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan (PDF). Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo: 455–462. [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04). 
  142. ^ Tokunaga Shigeyasu. [Remains of the Pleistocene den dwellers in Honshu, Kyushu and Chosen]. Nippon Gakujyutsu Hokoku. 1931, 6: 175–178 (日语). 
  143. ^ Shikama Tokio; Okafuji Gorō. On Some Choukuotien Mammals from Isa, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. Science Reports of the Yokohama National University. Section II, Biological and Geological Sciences. 1963, 9: 51–58. ISSN 0513-5613. hdl:10131/2928. 
  144. ^ 144.0 144.1 144.2 144.3 144.4 Hasegawa Yoshikazu. 秋吉台の鍾乳洞などから発見された哺乳類化石から見た第四紀の哺乳類動物相 [Fauna of Quaternary mammals based on mammalian fossils found in limestone caves and fissure deposits of the Akiyoshi-dai Plateau]. Honyūrui Kagaku (Mammalian Science). 2009, 49 (1): 97–100. doi:10.11238/mammalianscience.49.97 (日语). 
  145. ^ Kōno Naoki. The first record of an amphicyonid (Mammalia: Carnivora) from Japan, and its implication for amphicyonid paleobiogeography. Paleontological Research. 1997, 1 (4): 311–315. doi:10.2517/prpsj.1.311 (不活跃 1 August 2023). 
  146. ^ Koizumi Akihiro. 東京都昭島市多摩川の鮮新-更新統から産出した日本初記録の純肉食性オオカミ化石Canis(Xenocyon)falconeri [The First Record of the Plio-Pleistocene Hypercarnivorous Canid, Canis (Xenocyon) falconeri (Mammalia; Carnivora), from the Tama River, Akishima City, Western Tokyo, Japan]. The Quaternary Research (Daiyonki Kenkyū). 2003, 42 (2): 105–111. doi:10.4116/jaqua.42.105 (日语及英语). 
  147. ^ Ogino Shintarō; et al. The middle Pleistocene Matsugae fauna, northern Kyushu, West Japan (PDF). Paleontological Research. 2009, 13 (4): 367–384 [2023-12-29]. S2CID 53691225. doi:10.2517/1342-8144-13.4.367. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-12-07). 
  148. ^ Sasagawa Ichirō; et al. Discovery of the Extinct Red Panda Parailurus (Mammalia, Carnivora) in Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2003, 23 (4): 895–900. Bibcode:2003JVPal..23..895S. JSTOR 4524391. S2CID 85937004. doi:10.1671/2441-14. 
  149. ^ Naora Nobuo. The fossils of otters discovered in Japan. Memoirs of the School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University. 1968, 32: 1–11. 
  150. ^ Ogino Shintarō; Ōtuska Hiroyuki. New middle Pleistocene Galictini (Mustelidae, Carnivora) from the Matsugae cave deposits, northern Kyushu, West Japan. Paleontological Research. 2008, 12 (2): 159–166. S2CID 129419593. doi:10.2517/1342-8144(2008)12[159:NMPGMC]2.0.CO;2. 
  151. ^ Miyazaki Shigeo; et al. Summary of the fossil record of pinnipeds of Japan, and comparisons with that from the eastern North Pacific. Island Arc. 1994, 3 (4): 361–372 [2023-12-29]. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1738.1994.tb00120.x. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07). 
  152. ^ 152.0 152.1 Tonomori Wataru; Sawamura Hiroshi; Satō Tamaki; Kōno Naoki. A new Miocene pinniped Allodesmus (Mammalia: Carnivora) from Hokkaido, northern Japan. Royal Society Open Science. 2018, 5 (5): 172440. Bibcode:2018RSOS....572440T. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 5990790 . PMID 29892431. doi:10.1098/rsos.172440. 172440. 
  153. ^ 153.0 153.1 Kōno Naoki. Miocene pinniped Allodesmus (Mammalia: Carnivora); with special reference to the "Mito seal" from Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan. Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan. New Series. 1996, 181: 388–404. ISSN 0031-0204. 
  154. ^ Nagao Takumi. An occurrence of a fossil sea lion in the Miocene deposits of Sinano, Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series 4, Geology and Mineralogy. 1941, 6 (2): 75–84. ISSN 0018-3474. hdl:2115/35817. 
  155. ^ 155.0 155.1 155.2 Barnes, L.G.; Hirota, K. Miocene pinnipeds of the otariid subfamily Allodesminae in the North Pacific Ocean: Systematics and relationships. Island Arc. 1995, 3 (4): 329–360. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1738.1994.tb00119.x. 
  156. ^ 標本・資料統合データベース 20546 [Specimen Database: 20546]. National Museum of Nature and Science. [2022-06-29]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07) (日语). 
  157. ^ Kōno Naoki. A new Pliocene fur seal (Carnivora: Otariidae) from the Senhata Formation on the Boso Peninsula, Japan. Natural History Research. 1992, 2 (1): 15–28. 
  158. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. 上總國梅ケ瀬産化石のトヾの一新種 [A new species of fossil sea lion from Umegase, Kazusa Province]. Journal of the Geological Society of Tokyo. 1925, 32 (377): 45–49. ISSN 0016-7630. doi:10.5575/geosoc.32.45 (日语). 
  159. ^ Kōno Naoki; Yanagisawa Yukio. The First Record of the Pliocene Gilmore Fur Seal in the Western North Pacific Ocean (PDF). Bulletin of the National Science Museum. Series C (National Science Museum). 1997, 23 (3,4): 119–130 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0385-244X. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-06-18). 
  160. ^ Horikawa Hideo. 新潟県小千谷市の魚沼層群(鮮新-更新統)より発見された新種の化石トドについて [On a new fossil sea-lion from the Uonuma Group (Plio-Pleistocene), Ojiya, Niigata Prefecture, Central Japan]. Earth Science (Chikyū Kagaku). 1981, 35 (3): 159–178. ISSN 0366-6611. doi:10.15080/agcjchikyukagaku.35.3_159 (日语). 
  161. ^ Kōno Naoki. A New Miocene Pinniped in the Genus Prototaria (Carnivora: Odobenidae) from the Moniwa Formation, Miyagi, Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 1994, 14 (3): 414–426. Bibcode:1994JVPal..14..414K. JSTOR 4523579. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011568. 
  162. ^ Takeyama Kenichi; Ozawa Tomowo. A New Miocene Otarioid Seal from Japan. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B. 1984, 60 (3): 36–39. Bibcode:1984PJAB...60...36T. ISSN 0386-2208. doi:10.2183/pjab.60.36. 
  163. ^ Kōno Naoki. A new Miocene odobenid (Mammalia: Carnivora) from Hokkaido, Japan, and its implications for odobenid phylogeny. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2006, 26 (2): 411–421. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 85679558. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[411:ANMOMC]2.0.CO;2. 
  164. ^ Tanaka Yoshihiro; Kōno Naoki. A new Late Miocene odobenid (Mammalia: Carnivora) from Hokkaido, Japan suggests rapid diversification of basal Miocene odobenids. PLOS One. 2015, 10 (8): e0131856. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1031856T. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4526471 . PMID 26244784. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0131856 . e0131856. 
  165. ^ Horikawa Hideo. A primitive walrus of Early Pliocene age from Japan. Island Arc. 1994, 3 (4): 309–328. ISSN 1038-4871. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1738.1994.tb00118.x. 
  166. ^ Tomida Yukimitsu. A new walrus (Carnivora, Odobenidae) from the Middle Pleistocene of the Boso Peninsula, Japan, and its implication on odobenid paleobiogeography (PDF). Bulletin of the National Science Museum. Series C (Geology & Paleontology). 1989, 15 (3): 109–119 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0385-244X. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-06-18). 
  167. ^ Usui Shigeo; et al. 冠状縫合を使った鮮新統―更新統産の三尖の角を持つシカ類の分類について [Classification of the Pliocene ― Pleistocene Japanese three pointed deer by coronal sutural patterns] (PDF). Fossils (Palaeontological Society of Japan). 2014, 95: 7–17 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-12-07) (日语及英语). 
  168. ^ Fossil Mammal Research Group for Nojiri-ko Excavation. 長野県信濃町の上部更新統野尻湖層からヘラジカ化石のはじめての産出 [The first occurrence of fossil Alces alces (Cervidae, Alceini) from the Upper Pleistocene Nojiri-ko Formation, Shinano Town, Nagano Prefecture, Japan]. Earth Science (Chikyū Kagaku). 2010, 64 (6): 219–233. doi:10.15080/agcjchikyukagaku.64.6_219 (日语及英语). 
  169. ^ Hasegawa Yoshikazu; et al. 日本における後期更新世~前期完新世産のオオヤマネコLynxについて [A study of the extinct Japanese Lynx from the Late Pleistocene to the Early Holocene] (PDF). Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History. 2011, 15: 43–80 [2023-12-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-03-28) (日语及英语). 
  170. ^ Fujita Masakatsu; Kawamura Yoshinari; Murase Naomitsu. Middle Pleistocene wild boar remains from NT Cave, Niimi, Okayama Prefecture, west Japan (PDF). Fossils (Journal of Geosciences, Osaka City University). 2000, 43: 57–95 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0449-2560. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-12-07). 
  171. ^ 松本彦七郎. On Some Fossil Mammals from Tsukinoki, Ugo. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. 2nd Series, Geology. 1915, 3 (1): 39–48. ISSN 0082-464X. hdl:10097/30152. 
  172. ^ Forsten, Ann. A note on the Jinomori horse, Equus nipponicus Shikama and Onuki (Mammalia, Equidae), and some other equine remains from Japan. Paleontological Research. 1997, 1 (4): 316–317. doi:10.2517/prpsj.1.316 (不活跃 1 August 2023). 
  173. ^ Shikama Tokio; Onuki Yoshio. Equid Fossils from Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures. Science Reports of the Tohoku University. Second Series, Geology. 1962, 34 (2): 187–197. hdl:10097/28768. 
  174. ^ Hasegawa Yoshikazu. 日本産食肉獣の概要 [Summary of Quaternary Carnivora in Japan]. Honyūrui Kagaku (Mammalian Science). 1979, 19 (2): 23–28. doi:10.11238/mammalianscience.19.2_23 (日语). 
  175. ^ 175.0 175.1 Template:Cite periodical
  176. ^ Shikama Tokio. On a Fossil Remain of Sea-Lion, Eumetopias (?) kishidai n. sp. from Japan. Science Reports of the Yokohama National University. Section II, Biological and Geological Sciences. 1953, 2: 10–14. hdl:10131/2890. 
  177. ^ Matsumoto Hikoshichirō. 上總國産化石哺乳類 [On Two Species of Fossil Mammals from Kazusa Province]. Dōbutsugaku zasshi. 1939, 51 (5): 257–266 [2023-12-29]. ISSN 0044-5118. (原始内容存档于2023-12-07) (日语及英语).