普通胡桃
胡桃科核桃属植物
普通胡桃（學名：Juglans regia）又名波斯胡桃、英國胡桃、胡桃、核桃，是胡桃科胡桃屬的植物，亦是最常見的胡桃的一種。在南北半球的溫帶地區廣泛栽培。由於長期的人為栽培，其自然分佈範圍不詳，據推測原產於巴爾幹半島到中國之間的區域。[1]
普通胡桃
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| 《科勒藥用植物》(1897), Juglans regia | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 植物界 Plantae |
| 演化支： | 維管束植物 Tracheophyta |
| 演化支： | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
| 演化支： | 真雙子葉植物 Eudicots |
| 演化支： | 薔薇類植物 Rosids |
| 目： | 胡桃目 Juglandales |
| 科： | 胡桃科 Juglandaceae |
| 屬： | 胡桃屬 Juglans |
| 種： | 普通胡桃 J. regia
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| 二名法 | |
| Juglans regia | |
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利用
胡桃是重要的木本經濟作物，其果仁營養價值豐富，含有多種微量元素和優質蛋白，是全球食用最多的堅果之一[2][3][4]。經常食用胡桃可能改善與腦部有關的疾病和心血管疾病[5][6]。胡桃油富含不飽和脂肪酸，研究表明有抗氧化和抗炎功效[7]，也具有預防記憶障礙的作用[8]。
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成熟胡桃樹 -
雄花 -
雌花 -
果實 -
堅果 -
子葉 -
嫩芽 -
木材紋理 -
Juglans regia - Museum specimen
參考文獻
- ^ Qi, Hailing; Fan, Pengzhen; Wang, Yuehua; Liu, Jie. Genetic diversity and population structure of Juglans regia from six provinces in northern China. Biodiversity Science. 2023-08-20, 31 (8): 23120. doi:10.17520/biods.2023120.
- ^ Amaral, JS; Casal, S; Pereira, JA; Seabra, RM; Oliveira, BP. Determination of sterol and fatty acid compositions, oxidative stability, and nutritional value of six walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars grown in Portugal.. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2003-12-17, 51 (26): 7698–702. PMID 14664531. doi:10.1021/jf030451d.
- ^ Tapia, María Isabel; Sánchez-Morgado, Juan Ramón; García-Parra, Jesús; Ramírez, Rosario; Hernández, Teresa; González-Gómez, David. Comparative study of the nutritional and bioactive compounds content of four walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 2013-09, 31 (2): 232–237. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2013.06.004.
- ^ Wojdyło, Aneta; Turkiewicz, Igor Piotr; Tkacz, Karolina; Nowicka, Paulina; Bobak, Łukasz. Nuts as functional foods: Variation of nutritional and phytochemical profiles and their in vitro bioactive properties. Food Chemistry: X. 2022-10, 15: 100418. doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100418.
- ^ Chauhan, Abha; Chauhan, Ved. Beneficial Effects of Walnuts on Cognition and Brain Health. Nutrients. 2020-02-20, 12 (2): 550. doi:10.3390/nu12020550.
- ^ Liao, Jianqiao; Nai, Yifan; Feng, Li; Chen, Yimeng; Li, Mei; Xu, Huaide. Walnut Oil Prevents Scopolamine-Induced Memory Dysfunction in a Mouse Model. Molecules. 2020-04-02, 25 (7): 1630. doi:10.3390/molecules25071630.
- ^ Fukuda, Toshiyuki; Ito, Hideyuki; Yoshida, Takashi. Antioxidative polyphenols from walnuts (Juglans regia L.). Phytochemistry. 2003-08, 63 (7): 795–801. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00333-9.
- ^ Liao, Jianqiao; Nai, Yifan; Feng, Li; Chen, Yimeng; Li, Mei; Xu, Huaide. Walnut Oil Prevents Scopolamine-Induced Memory Dysfunction in a Mouse Model. Molecules. 2020-04-02, 25 (7): 1630. doi:10.3390/molecules25071630.