普通胡桃
胡桃科核桃属植物
普通胡桃（学名：Juglans regia）又名波斯胡桃、英国胡桃、胡桃、核桃，是胡桃科胡桃属的植物，亦是最常见的胡桃的一种。在南北半球的温带地区广泛栽培。由于长期的人为栽培，其自然分布范围不详，据推测原产于巴尔干半岛到中国之间的区域。[1]
普通胡桃
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| 《科勒药用植物》(1897), Juglans regia | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 植物界 Plantae |
| 演化支： | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
| 演化支： | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
| 演化支： | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
| 演化支： | 蔷薇类植物 Rosids |
| 目： | 胡桃目 Juglandales |
| 科： | 胡桃科 Juglandaceae |
| 属： | 胡桃属 Juglans |
| 种： | 普通胡桃 J. regia
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| 二名法 | |
| Juglans regia | |
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利用
胡桃是重要的木本经济作物，其果仁营养价值丰富，含有多种微量元素和优质蛋白，是全球食用最多的坚果之一[2][3][4]。经常食用胡桃可能改善与脑部有关的疾病和心血管疾病[5][6]。胡桃油富含不饱和脂肪酸，研究表明有抗氧化和抗炎功效[7]，也具有预防记忆障碍的作用[8]。
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成熟胡桃树 -
雄花 -
雌花 -
果实 -
坚果 -
子叶 -
嫩芽 -
木材纹理 -
Juglans regia - Museum specimen
参考文献
- ^ Qi, Hailing; Fan, Pengzhen; Wang, Yuehua; Liu, Jie. Genetic diversity and population structure of Juglans regia from six provinces in northern China. Biodiversity Science. 2023-08-20, 31 (8): 23120. doi:10.17520/biods.2023120.
- ^ Amaral, JS; Casal, S; Pereira, JA; Seabra, RM; Oliveira, BP. Determination of sterol and fatty acid compositions, oxidative stability, and nutritional value of six walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars grown in Portugal.. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2003-12-17, 51 (26): 7698–702. PMID 14664531. doi:10.1021/jf030451d.
- ^ Tapia, María Isabel; Sánchez-Morgado, Juan Ramón; García-Parra, Jesús; Ramírez, Rosario; Hernández, Teresa; González-Gómez, David. Comparative study of the nutritional and bioactive compounds content of four walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 2013-09, 31 (2): 232–237. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2013.06.004.
- ^ Wojdyło, Aneta; Turkiewicz, Igor Piotr; Tkacz, Karolina; Nowicka, Paulina; Bobak, Łukasz. Nuts as functional foods: Variation of nutritional and phytochemical profiles and their in vitro bioactive properties. Food Chemistry: X. 2022-10, 15: 100418. doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100418.
- ^ Chauhan, Abha; Chauhan, Ved. Beneficial Effects of Walnuts on Cognition and Brain Health. Nutrients. 2020-02-20, 12 (2): 550. doi:10.3390/nu12020550.
- ^ Liao, Jianqiao; Nai, Yifan; Feng, Li; Chen, Yimeng; Li, Mei; Xu, Huaide. Walnut Oil Prevents Scopolamine-Induced Memory Dysfunction in a Mouse Model. Molecules. 2020-04-02, 25 (7): 1630. doi:10.3390/molecules25071630.
- ^ Fukuda, Toshiyuki; Ito, Hideyuki; Yoshida, Takashi. Antioxidative polyphenols from walnuts (Juglans regia L.). Phytochemistry. 2003-08, 63 (7): 795–801. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00333-9.
- ^ Liao, Jianqiao; Nai, Yifan; Feng, Li; Chen, Yimeng; Li, Mei; Xu, Huaide. Walnut Oil Prevents Scopolamine-Induced Memory Dysfunction in a Mouse Model. Molecules. 2020-04-02, 25 (7): 1630. doi:10.3390/molecules25071630.