薑黃屬

姜科的一属植物

薑黃屬(學名:Curcuma)是薑科下的一個,為多年生草本植物[3]。常見的植物有薑黃薑荷花。該屬共有50多種,分布於東南亞華南地區印度次大陸新幾內亞澳大利亞北部[4]。 據報部分物種已在這個世界比較溫暖的地區本土化,例如:非洲的熱帶地區、中美洲、北美洲的佛羅里達州及其他位於太平洋印度洋大西洋的島嶼上。一般來說,大多數薑黃屬物種在陰涼處的鬆散沙質土壤中生長良好[2][5]

薑黃屬
Curcuma zedoaria
1896 illustration[1]
科學分類 編輯
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 單子葉植物 Monocots
演化支 鴨跖草類植物 Commelinids
目: 薑目 Zingiberales
科: 薑科 Zingiberaceae
亞科: 薑亞科 Zingiberoideae
族: 姜花族 Hedychieae
屬: 薑黃屬 Curcuma
L.,1753
模式種
薑黃 Curcuma longa
L. (1753)
異名[2]
  • Kua Rheede ex Medic.
  • Erndlia Giseke
  • Stissera Giseke 1792, illegitimate homonym not Heist. ex Fabr. 1759
  • Hitcheniopsis (Baker) Ridl.
  • Paracautleya R.M.Sm.

歷史

薑黃屬的學名源於梵文kuṅkuma,意思就是薑黃。西元五世紀前後、魏晉南北朝期間,鬱金經西域、中亞再傳入中國,用作香藥。原名音譯自波斯文 Kurkam (كركم),以 -t 入聲字「鬱」對譯 -r,以 -m 陽聲韻字「金」對譯波斯文 /kam/[6]。薑黃早在古時就已經為印度人用於醫藥用途[7],更常用於為咖喱粉、芥末、黃油及奶酪等食物添色添味,又或替代藏紅花或其他黃色色素的地位[8]。而在東亞,當地土產本屬植物的根莖及膨大的塊根大都可供藥用:根莖為中藥材「薑黃」或「莪朮」的商品來源,塊根則為「鬱金」的來源[3]

物種

 
Curcuma euchroma
 
Curcuma inodora
 
A. Bernecker: Curcuma longa

世界植物在線 目前包括:[9]

圖庫

參考文獻

  1. ^ Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (英語). [失效連結]
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 姜黄属 Curcuma L.. 中國植物物種信息數據庫. [2021-07-24]. (原始內容存檔於2016-04-03) (中文(簡體)). 
  4. ^ Curcuma [family Zingiberaceae] on JSTOR. plants.jstor.org. [2020-12-15]. (原始內容存檔於2021-07-25). 
  5. ^ Sirirugsa, P.; Larsen, K.; Maknoi, C. The Genus Curcuma L . ( Zingiberaceae ) : Distribution and Classification with Reference to Species Diversity in Thailand. www.semanticscholar.org. 2010 [2020-12-15]. (原始內容存檔於2021-07-25) (英語). 
  6. ^ Berthold Laufer, Sino-Iranica: Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran (Chicago: the Field Museum of National History, 1919) , pp. 309-323.
  7. ^ Prasad, Sahdeo; Aggarwal, Bharat B., Benzie, Iris F. F.; Wachtel-Galor, Sissi , 編, Turmeric, the Golden Spice: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Medicine, Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects 2nd (Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press/Taylor & Francis), 2011 [2021-01-15], ISBN 978-1-4398-0713-2, PMID 22593922, (原始內容存檔於2021-03-11) 
  8. ^ Tawney, C. H. The Ocean of Story, chapter 104. 1924: 13 [2021-07-24]. (原始內容存檔於2021-07-25). 
  9. ^ Plants of the World Online: Curcuma L. (retrieved 3 May 2021). [2021-07-24]. (原始內容存檔於2021-08-15). 
  10. ^ Surapon Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Piyaporn Surapon Saensouk. 2022. Curcuma achrae (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Central Thailand. Rheedea. 32(1); 30-45. DOI: 10.22244/rheedea.2022.32.01.03
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  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 Surapon Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Piyaporn Saensouk. 2021. Six New Species and A New Record of Curcuma L. (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand. Biodiversitas. 22(4); 1658-1685. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220410 引用錯誤:帶有name屬性「Saensouk」的<ref>標籤用不同內容定義了多次
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  18. ^ Leonid crocus (Curcuma leonidii) – a new species discovered in Bu Gia Map National Park in Binh Phuoc province. Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology. [2014-05-03]. (原始內容存檔於2014-05-04). 
  19. ^ J. Leong-Škorničková, S. Soonthornkalump, S. Niwesrat and S.Q. Lim. 2022. Curcuma lindstromii (Zingiberaceae: Zingiberoideae), A New Species from southeastern Thailand. Gardens』 Bulletin Singapore 74(2): 243–250.
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 Sutthinut Soonthornkalump, Tidarat Pungpairote, Sira Niwesrat and Jana Skornickova. 2021. Curcuma lithophila and C. rufostriata (Zingiberaceae), Two New Species from Thailand, and Additional Notes on C. papilionacea. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany). 49(1); 32-43. DOI: 10.20531/tfb.2021.49.1.03
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