僧王
僧伽罗阇（巴利语：Sangha-raja；高棉语：សង្ឃរាជ sanghreach；泰语：พระสังฆราช Sangkharat），意译为僧王，上座部佛教名词，是泰国和柬埔寨等东南亚国家巴利语系佛教的最高领袖的名称，名义上是全国僧侣的统领[1]。
词源
巴利语中的Sangha-raja为僧伽（巴利语：Sangha；梵语：Saṃgha）和王者（巴利语、梵语：rāja）的合成词。
概论
僧王音译“增加拉者”，是泰国和柬埔寨对佛教最高领袖的称呼。在缅甸，则称僧王为“萨沙那邦”（缅甸语：သာသနာပိုင်，Thathanabaing，意为“佛法看守人”）或摩诃僧伽拉者（缅甸语：မဟာသံဃာရာဇာ Mahasangharaja，义为“大僧王”）[2]，1938年被英国殖民当局废黜。
僧王在泰国享有崇高地位，与国王及政府平起平坐。
参见
参考资料
- ^ ราชบัณฑิตยสถาน, พจนานุกรม ฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน พ.ศ. 2542, กรุงเทพฯ : นานมีบุ๊คส์พับลิเคชั่นส์, 2546, หน้า 1160
- ^ Twomey, D.H.R. The Thathanabaing, Head of the Buddhist Monks of Burma. The Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review (Oriental Institute). January 1904, XVII (33/34): 326–335.
书目
- Bennett, Charles Henry Allan. The Thathanabaing. Buddhism: A Quarterly Illustrated Review (Rangoon: International Buddhist Society). November 1904, 1 (4): 177–208.
- Aung San Suu Kyi. Freedom from Fear. Penguin. 2010. ISBN 978-1-101-56400-4.
- Chandara, Lor. Buddhist Head Becomes Great Supreme Patriarch. The Cambodia Daily. 25 May 2006 [7 November 2013]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-13）.
- Ghosh, Parimal. Brave Men of the Hills. University of Hawaii Press. 2000. ISBN 978-0-8248-2207-1.
- Harris, Ian, Sangha Groupings in Cambodia, Buddhist Studies Review (UK Association for Buddhist Studies), August 2001, 18 (I): 65–72
- Harris, Ian, Buddhism and Politics in Twentieth-century Asia, Continuum International Publishing Group, 2001, ISBN 0-8264-5178-0
- James, Helen. Governance and Civil Society in Myanmar. Psychology Press. 2005: 81–84.
- Long, Edward E. Order of the Yellow Robe. Broad views (Gay & Bird). January 1906, 5 (25).
- Scott, J. George. Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan states (PDF) 2. Superintendent, Government Printing. 1900 [2017-07-09]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-12-08）.
- Twomey, D.H.R. The Thathanabaing, Head of the Buddhist Monks of Burma. The Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review (Oriental Institute). January 1904, XVII (33/34): 326–335.