大帐篷

政治術語

大帐篷(英语:big tent)是一个政治术语,指政党政党联盟试图揉合不同的政治观点,同时采纳左派右派的某些主张和理念,从而吸引更多选民的一种现象。

在奉行大帐篷政策的政党或政党联盟内部,有持相异甚至完全相反的不同观点或意识形态的多个政治派别存在,但是这些派别可能在某一问题上具有共识,例如加拿大自由党的政治共识是反对魁北克独立

历史

美国

美国,两大政党内部均有不同的政治意识形态存在,例如现今美国共和党虽以保守派为主流,但党内有不少是温和中间派、经济保守派、社会自由派等人士,而经济自由派同时是社会自由派的共和党人在美国东北部仍有一定的影响力。[1]同样地,民主党虽以进步派社会自由派为主,但温和派和保守派在党内仍有一定比例。

委内瑞拉

委内瑞拉,各反对派政党所奉行的意识形态迥异,如中间偏左的民主行动党、中间偏右正义第一,但他们都反对执政党委内瑞拉统一社会主义党,因此共同组建了政党联盟民主团结圆桌会议

意大利

于2009年成立的五星运动由于高调反对紧缩政策,获得不少年轻选民和反对紧缩的意大利人支持,在2013年意大利国会选举中获得大幅度的胜利,在得票率上成为众议院第二大党,超越凭选举制度的名单比例代表制取得额外席次的意大利民主党,但该党拒绝与意大利国内任何政党联盟合作,包括回绝民主党要求组建联合政府的建议。

然而五星运动本身并不自认为是属于左派右派属性的政党,但却与多个他国右派民粹主义政党结盟,并与主张退出欧盟英国独立党欧洲议会内结盟及组成党团。但自2019年和民主党组成联合政府后,已转为中间偏左。

其他例子

参考资料

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  4. ^ David Torrance, "Scotland's Progressive Dilemma," The Political Quarterly, 88 (2017): 52–59. doi:10.1111/1467-923X.12319
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