大帳篷

政治術語

大帳篷(英語:big tent)是一個政治術語,指政黨政黨聯盟試圖揉合不同的政治觀點,同時採納左派右派的某些主張和理念,從而吸引更多選民的一種現象。

在奉行大帳篷政策的政黨或政黨聯盟內部,有持相異甚至完全相反的不同觀點或意識形態的多個政治派別存在,但是這些派別可能在某一問題上具有共識,例如加拿大自由黨的政治共識是反對魁北克獨立

歷史

美國

美國,兩大政黨內部均有不同的政治意識形態存在,例如現今美國共和黨雖以保守派為主流,但黨內有不少是溫和中間派、經濟保守派、社會自由派等人士,而經濟自由派同時是社會自由派的共和黨人在美國東北部仍有一定的影響力。[1]同樣地,民主黨雖以進步派社會自由派為主,但溫和派和保守派在黨內仍有一定比例。

委內瑞拉

委內瑞拉,各反對派政黨所奉行的意識形態迥異,如中間偏左的民主行動黨、中間偏右正義第一,但他們都反對執政黨委內瑞拉統一社會主義黨,因此共同組建了政黨聯盟民主團結圓桌會議

意大利

於2009年成立的五星運動由於高調反對緊縮政策,獲得不少年輕選民和反對緊縮的意大利人支持,在2013年意大利國會選舉中獲得大幅度的勝利,在得票率上成為眾議院第二大黨,超越憑選舉制度的名單比例代表製取得額外席次的意大利民主黨,但該黨拒絕與意大利國內任何政黨聯盟合作,包括回絕民主黨要求組建聯合政府的建議。

然而五星運動本身並不自認為是屬於左派右派屬性的政黨,但卻與多個他國右派民粹主義政黨結盟,並與主張退出歐盟英國獨立黨歐洲議會內結盟及組成黨團。但自2019年和民主黨組成聯合政府後,已轉為中間偏左。

其他例子

參考資料

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  4. ^ David Torrance, "Scotland's Progressive Dilemma," The Political Quarterly, 88 (2017): 52–59. doi:10.1111/1467-923X.12319
  5. ^ Severin Carrell, "Alex Salmond's big tent bulges as Tommy Sheridan lends voteless support," The Guardian, 25 April 2011. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/blog/2011/apr/25/alex-salmond-tommy-sheridan-election頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館
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