草稿:各地啤酒品牌列表
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這是按地區劃分的啤酒和啤酒廠的條目和分類列表，即各個地區的啤酒和啤酒廠。啤酒是世界上消費最廣泛的酒類飲料，[1] 並且是僅次於飲用水和茶的第三大最受歡迎的飲料。[2] 一些人認為它是最古老的發酵飲料。[3][4][5][6] 生產啤酒的企業稱為啤酒廠或釀造公司，擁有專門用於製造啤酒的建築，儘管啤酒也可以在家裏製作，並且在啤酒釀造歷史中一直存在這種工藝啤酒。啤酒生產業規模的多樣性，與啤酒廠的生產工藝、自動化程度和啤酒種類的多樣性相匹配。啤酒廠通常分為不同的部門，每個部門負責釀造過程的一部分。
索引
Africa
Botswana
Cape Verde
Egypt
Ethiopia
Kenya
Morocco
Nigeria
South Africa
Tanzania
Asia
Armenia
Beer has been brewed by Armenians since ancient times. One of the first confirmed written evidences of ancient beer production is Xenophon's reference to "wine made from barley" in one of the ancient Armenia villages, as described in his 5th century B.C. work Anabasis: "There were stores within of wheat and barley and vegetables, and wine made from barley in great big bowls; the grains of barley malt lay floating in the drink up to the lip of the vessel, and reeds lay in them, some longer, some shorter, without joints; when you were thirsty you must take one of these into your mouth, and suck. The drink without admixture of water was very strong, and of a delicious flavour to certain palates, but the taste must be acquired."
Currently there are six local brewing companies throughout the country producing a variety of beer types:
- Beer of Yerevan Brewery[7] in Yerevan: around 15 types of beer are served by the brewery, mainly under the brand Kilikia (named after a historic Armenian kingdom at the Mediterranean coast) as well as some other brands.
- Gyumri Beer Brewery in Gyumri: the company produces a variety of lager beer under 3 brands: Gyumri, Aleksandrapol and Ararat.
- Kotayk Brewery in Abovyan: a variety of lager beer under the brand Kotayk (named after the Armenian Kotayk Province), as well as Erebuni and Urartu.
- Lihnitis Sevan Brewery in Sevan: the company produces the Kellers beer.
- Hayasy Group in Voskevaz village, Aragatsotn Province: currently producing under the brand Hayasy.[8]
- Dilijan Brewery in Dilijan: producing under the brand Dilijan.[9]
In addition to brewing factories, the country is also home to 8 microbreweries/brewpubs, that produce and serve draught/unfiltered beer in Armenia.
China
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Israel
Japan
Malaysia
Myanmar
The dominant brewery in Myanmar, with an approximately 80% share of the market, is Myanmar Brewery, which is 45% owned by Union of Myanmar Economic Holdings Limited. Myanmar Brewery's beers include Myanmar Beer, Double Strong Beer, Andaman Gold (Red) and Andaman Gold (Blue). In 2015 Myanmar Brewery entered into a joint venture with Kirin Brewery to produce and distribute its beers in the country. In 2013 the Carlsberg Group signed an agreement with Myanmar Golden Star, establishing Myanmar Carlsberg Company Ltd. Myanmar Carlsberg Company opened a $75 million brewery in May 2015 which now produces Carlsberg and Turborg locally, together with a new beer, Yoma. In July 2015 Heineken International opened a $60 million brewery in Yangon, in a joint venture with a local company, Alliance Brewery Company. The brewery produces Tiger, Heineken, ABC stout and a new rice beer, Regal Seven.
North Korea
North Korea has at least ten major breweries and many microbreweries that supply a wide range of beer products.[10][11][12] The top brand is the light lager Taedonggang which is internationally known for its quality.[13]
The country's problems with goods distribution and power output has forced North Korean brewers to innovate. To minimize distribution, many restaurants and hotels maintain their own microbreweries. Because unreliable power supply makes it difficult to refrigerate beer, North Koreans have developed their own steam beer, an originally American beer style brewed in higher than normal temperatures, that is widely available.[12]
Although the Korean liquor soju is preferred,[14] beer comes second when it comes to consumption.[15] Since the 1980s, beer has been within reach of ordinary North Koreans,[16] though it is still rationed. Tourists, on the other hand, enjoy inexpensive beer without such limitations.[17]
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Sri Lanka
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Vietnam
Europe
Europe's largest single brewery and single malting facility in terms of installed capacity currently are the Obolon CJSC's production facility in Kyiv, Ukraine, and malting facility in Chemerivtsi, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine, respectively[18]
Albania
The best known beer in Albania is Birra Tirana. Also well-known beer brands are Birra Korça, Birra Kaon, Birra Puka and Birra Stela.
Austria
Belgium
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Beer is a historic traditions in Latvia and is known to have been made before the Northern Crusades in the 13th century. Today, the most popular brand in Latvia is Aldaris (based in Riga).
Lithuania
This Baltic state has a major beer scene in the northern part of the country, centred around the towns of Pasvalys, Pakruojis, Kupiškis and Biržai. The farmhouse brews of the region are highly distinctive, using local ingredients and techniques from pre-Soviet times.
The biggest commercial breweries are located in towns Utena (Utenos alus'), Panevėžys (Kalnapilis), Klaipėda (Švyturys), Kaunas (Ragutis) and Vilnius (Tauras).
Macedonia
The best-known beer in Macedonia is Skopsko. There are also Silver Moon, Zlaten Dab, Bitolsko, Gorsko etc.
Netherlands
Norway
In addition to the major breweries that mostly brew pilsner beer, there are a number of microbreweries brewing a variety of other types of beer.
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Serbia
Slovakia
The most famous brands in Slovakia are Šariš, Smädný mních (Thirsty Monk) and Zlatý Bažant (Golden pheasant).
There are 15 breweries in Slovakia:
- Pivovar Bytča (K. K. Company) - Martiner, Popper, Palatín
- Pivovar Corgoň (Heineken Slovensko a.s.) - Corgoň, Maurus, Stup
- Pivovar a sladovňa Gemer a.s. (Heineken Slovensko a.s.) - Gemer, Zuzana
- Pivovar Horden (Esperia a.s.) - Horden
- Pivovar Hurbanovo (Heineken Slovensko a.s.) - Zlatý Bažant, Heineken
- Pivovar Ilava (K. K. Company) - Richtár, Vartáš
- Pivovar Martiner (Heineken Slovensko a.s.) - Martiner, Martinský zdroj
- Minipivovar M.K. Unipol Trnava
- Steiger (Eduard Rada s.r.o.) - Steiger, Sitňan, Hell, Kachelmann
- Pivovar Stein a.s. - Stein, Pressburger, Premium Pils, Dominik
- Minipivovar Svätý Jur
Spain
Some known Spanish beers are Mahou-San Miguel (known as Mahou before the acquisition by San Miguel company), Estrella Damm, Alhambra, Estrella Galicia, Estrella Levante, Cruzcampo, Reina, Dorada and La Zaragozana (Ambar).
Sweden
United Kingdom
North America
Canada
Mexico
Beer in Mexico has a long history. Mesoamerican cultures knew of fermented alcoholic drinks, including a corn beer. Only two corporations, Grupo Modelo (owned by Anheuser-Busch InBev) and FEMSA (owned by Heineken International) control the majority of the Mexican beer market. Beer is a major export for the country, with most going to the United States, but is available in over 150 countries in the world.
United States
Oceania
Australia
Cook Islands
Fiji
New Caledonia
New Zealand
Papua New Guinea
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tahiti
Vanuatu
South America
Argentina
The predominant brewery in Argentina is AB InBev with a 65% of the market, with brands such as Quilmes, Brahma, Budweiser, Corona and Stella Artois. The second largest brewery is Compañía de las Cervecerías Unidas with a 33% share, which produces Heineken, Schneider, Imperial and Isenbeck. The best selling brands are Brahma, Quilmes, Schneider and Imperial.[19]
Brazil
Colombia
With almost 90% of the Colombia market, Bavaria is the most popular Colombian beer.
Peru
The consumption per capita in Peru is 22 liters per year.
Three local producers are: Sab Miller, with the local brands: Cusqueña, Cristal, Pilsen, Arequipeña and the Honduran but local-made Barena; AmBev, with the Brazilian, but also local made, Brahma; Ajeper, with the all new Franca. This is a Peruvian company.
Also, there is a selection of imported beers such as Erdinger and Flensburger from Germany, Strong Suffolk and Abbot from the UK, Corona from Mexico, Heineken from the Netherlands, Sapporo from Japan, Stella Artois (the Belgian brand, but made in Argentina), Quilmes also from Argentina, etc.
There are also small local producers of standard beer and many producers of the ancient beer named Chicha, normally made of a local corn named Jora in the traditional "Chicherías".
Venezuela
人均啤酒消費量
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測量值以升為單位
另見
- 各國人均酒精消費量列表
- 精釀啤酒廠列表
- 國民飲料列表
- 歐洲酒精飲料偏好－啤酒帶（Beer belt）
參考資料
- ^ Volume of World Beer Production. European Beer Guide. [17 October 2006]. （原始內容存檔於28 October 2006）.
- ^ Nelson, Max. The Barbarian's Beverage: A History of Beer in Ancient Europe. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. 2005: 1 [21 September 2010]. ISBN 0-415-31121-7.
- ^ Rudgley, Richard. The Alchemy of Culture: Intoxicants in Society. London: British Museum Press. 1993: 411 [13 January 2012]. ISBN 978-0-7141-1736-2.
- ^ Arnold, John P. Origin and History of Beer and Brewing: From Prehistoric Times to the Beginning of Brewing Science and Technology. Cleveland, Ohio: Reprint Edition by BeerBooks. 2005: 411 [13 January 2012]. ISBN 0-9662084-1-2.
- ^ Joshua J. Mark (2011). Beer. Ancient History Encyclopedia.
- ^ World's Best Beers: One ThousandCraft Brews from Cask to Glass. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. 6 October 2009 [7 August 2010]. ISBN 978-1-4027-6694-7.
- ^ Kilikia-The Leader Of The Armenian Beer Market
- ^ Hayasy Group
- ^ A new beer factory in Dilijan. 1 News. 2 May 2017.
- ^ Tudor, Daniel; Pearson, James. North Korea Confidential: Private Markets, Fashion Trends, Prison Camps, Dissenters and Defectors. North Clarendon: Tuttle Publishing. 2015: 65. ISBN 978-1-4629-1512-5.
- ^ Fish, Eric. Does North Korea Make the Best Beer in Asia?. Asia Society. 16 August 2016 [4 April 2017].
- ^ 12.0 12.1 Steadman, Ian. 'Kim Jong-Ale': North Korea's surprising microbrewery culture explored. WIRED UK. 29 April 2013 [3 April 2017].
- ^ Herskovitz, Jon. Brewing beer, Communist style, in North Korea. The New York Times. 10 March 2008 [3 April 2017].
- ^ Lankov 2007，第101頁.
- ^ Lankov 2007，第100頁.
- ^ Cumings, Bruce. North Korea: Another Country. New York: New Press. 2011: 196. ISBN 978-1-59558-739-8.
- ^ Hokkanen, Jouni. Pohjois-Korea: Siperiasta itään [North Korea: East of Siberia]. Helsinki: Johnny Kniga. 2013: 133. ISBN 978-951-0-39946-0 （芬蘭語）.
- ^ Sustainability_Report_2010-11[永久失效連結] （烏克蘭語）
- ^ [1] Cerveza argentina: cómo quedó el negocio después del pico de la pandemia] - Carlos Toppazzini, América 24, 9 August 2021
參考文獻
- Lankov, Andrei. North of the DMZ: Essays on Daily Life in North Korea. Jefferson: McFarland. 2007. ISBN 978-0-7864-5141-8.
外部連結
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