發光桿菌屬
弧菌科的一属细菌
發光桿菌屬（學名：Photobacterium）又叫光合細菌，是弧菌目弧菌科的一個屬。染色性質上屬於革蘭氏陰性菌。普遍的存在於海洋環境中和海洋生物體的體表和少許海洋生物的腸道中。
發光桿菌屬
| |
|---|---|
| |
科學分類 
| |
| 域： | 細菌域 Bacteria |
| 門： | 假單胞菌門 Pseudomonadota |
| 綱： | γ-變形菌綱 Gammaproteobacteria |
| 目： | 弧菌目 Vibrionales |
| 科： | 弧菌科 Vibrionaceae |
| 屬： | 發光桿菌屬 Photobacterium Beijerinck, 1889 |
| 模式種 | |
| 明亮發光桿菌 Photobacterium phosphoreum (Cohn, 1878) Beijerinck, 1889
| |
| 種 | |
發光桿菌症
光桿菌症（photobacteriosis）是養殖海鱺最常見的細菌性疾病，尤其是好發於海上箱網。本病病原為發光桿菌，病魚發病時體色變黑，消瘦，肝、腎、脾等臟器會出現白色結節，又稱為類結節症、假性結核病或巴斯德桿菌症，發病率逾六成，致死率達五成以上。世界各地也相繼報導此病嚴重危害養殖魚類，如日本的青甘鰺、黑鯛、赤點石斑魚、條紋梭魚、比目魚及瓜子鱲；以色列、歐洲及地中海的金頭鯛及歐洲海鱸；美國的條紋鱸及美洲狼鱸；台灣、美國及地中海的雜交條紋鱸等。發光桿菌症致死率高、宿主範圍廣泛及疫情見於世界各地，對養殖魚類而言，是一種危害性極高的細菌性疾病之一。[1]
下屬物種
本屬包括以下物種：
- Photobacterium aestuarii Lo et al. 2014
- Photobacterium alginatilyticum Wang et al. 2017
- Photobacterium andalusiense Labella et al. 2019
- 狹小發光桿菌 Photobacterium angustum Reichelt et al. 1979
- Photobacterium aphoticum Lucena et al. 2011
- Photobacterium aplysiae Seo et al. 2005
- Photobacterium aquae Liu et al. 2014
- Photobacterium aquimaris Yoshizawa et al. 2009
- 銀色發光桿菌 Photobacterium argenteus
- 波羅的海發光桿菌 Photobacterium balticum
- 貝氏發光桿菌 Photobacterium belozerskii
- 喀拉伯發光桿菌 Photobacterium caraibicum
- Photobacterium carnosum Hilgarth et al. 2018
- 搖蚊發光桿菌 Photobacterium chironomi
- Photobacterium chitinilyticum Wang et al. 2019
- 冠狀發光桿菌 Photobacterium coronata
- 藍磷光發光桿菌 Photobacterium cyanophosphorescens
- 美人魚發光桿菌 Photobacterium damsela (Love et al. 1982) Smith et al. 1991，美人魚李斯道氏菌，美人魚利斯頓氏菌
- 美人魚發光桿菌殺魚亞種 Photobacterium damsela piscicida
- Photobacterium damselae (Love et al. 1982) Smith et al. 1991
- 退化發光桿菌 Photobacterium degenerans
- 台兒加底發光桿菌 Photobacterium delgadensis
- 費氏發光桿菌 Photobacterium fischeri (Beijerinck 1889) Reichelt and Baumann 1973，本種以最早研究發光細菌的學生之一B．Fischer的名字命名。
- Photobacterium frigidiphilum Seo et al. 2005
- Photobacterium gaetbulicola Kim et al. 2010
- Photobacterium galatheae Machado et al. 2015
- Photobacterium ganghwense Park et al. 2006
- 膠黏發光桿菌 Photobacterium glutinosa
- Photobacterium halotolerans Rivas et al. 2006
- 哈氏發光桿菌 Photobacterium harveri
- 組胺發光桿菌 Photobacterium histaminum Okuzumi et al. 1994
- Photobacterium iliopiscarium (Onarheim et al. 1995) Urakawa et al. 1999
- Photobacterium indicum (Johnson and Weisrock 1969) Ivanova et al. 2004[2]
- 印度發光桿菌 Photobacterium indicum (Johnson and Weisrock 1969) Xie and Yokota 2004
- Photobacterium jeanii Chimetto et al. 2010
- Photobacterium kishitanii Ast et al. 2007
- 鰒發光桿菌 Photobacterium leiognathi Boisvert et al. 1967
- Photobacterium lipolyticum Yoon et al. 2005
- Photobacterium logei (ex Bang et al. 1978) Harwood et al. 1980
- Photobacterium lucens Enciso-Ibarra et al. 2020[3]
- Photobacterium lutimaris Jung et al. 2007
- Photobacterium malacitanum Labella et al. 2019
- Photobacterium obscurum Hong et al. 2023[4]
- Photobacterium panuliri Deep et al. 2015
- 明亮發光桿菌 Photobacterium phosphoreum (Cohn 1878) Beijerinck 1889
- Photobacterium piscicola Figge et al. 2015
- 深海發光細菌 Photobacterium profundum Nogi et al. 1998
- Photobacterium proteolyticum Li et al. 2017
- Photobacterium rosenbergii Thompson et al. 2005
- Photobacterium salinisoli Li et al. 2019
- Photobacterium sanctipauli Moreira et al. 2015
- Photobacterium sanguinicancri Gomez-Gil et al. 2016
- Photobacterium swingsii Gomez-Gil et al. 2011
- Photobacterium toruni Labella et al. 2017
文獻參考
- Watson, 1984. Bergey,s manual of systematic bacteriology.Volumel p539-545.
- LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
- ^ 東港生技研究中心. 水試所電子報第84期. 行政院農業委員會水產試驗所. 2013-04-25 [2018-06-01]. （原始內容存檔於2019-09-07）.
- ^ Skerman, V. B. D., McGowan, V., Sneath, P. H. A. (1980). Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int.J.Syst.Bacteriol. 30 : 225-420 .
- ^ Enciso-Ibarra J, Gonzalez-Castillo A, Soto-Rodriguez SA, Enciso-Ibarra K, Bolan-Mejia C, Gomez-Gil B. Photobacterium lucens sp. nov., Isolated from a Cultured Shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:1111-1116.
- ^ Hong W, Wang X, Yuan Y, Liu R, Zhao W, Xue CX, Zhang XH. Photobacterium obscurum sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from the coast of Qingdao. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:6096.