健康素養
此條目可參照英語維基百科相應條目來擴充。 (2019年9月21日) |
健康素養(Health literacy)也稱為健康識讀,是有能力獲得醫療衛生資訊,並且閱讀、理解,進而應用此資訊來進行健康相關的決定,也可以依照指示接受治療[1]。有許多有關健康素養的定義[2][3]。
健康素養是造成健康差距的主要因素之一,越來越受到衛生專業單位的重視。美國教育部在2003年舉辦的全國成人素養評估(National Assessment of Adult Literacy, NAAL)中發現,36%的參與者在健康素養上的程度是「初級」及「初級以下」,其結論是有八千萬美國人的健康素養不足[4]。這些人在執行日常和健康有關的事務上(例如讀處方藥物的標籤說明)有困難[5]。許多因素會影響健康素養。不過以下的因素,比較容易有健康素養不足的風險:年齡(特別是病患超過65歲)、英語能力不足、教育程度較低、社會經濟地位較低。健康素養較低的病患比較不瞭解其疾病以及相關治療,其健康情形一般也比較不好[6]。
針對健康素養不足的患者,有許多方式可以提昇其健康行為,例如和他們對話時,簡化資訊以及描述、避免使用行話、使用回覆示教的方式(和病患說明注意事項後,請病患用自己的話再說一次)、鼓勵病患問問題等,美國在2010年時,有做過調查,18歲及18歲以上的成人中,表示他們在就醫時,醫護人員會詳細說明,讓他們可以理解的比例有60.6%[7],這個比例從2007年到2010年上昇了1%[7]。美國衛生及公共服務部提出的Healthy People 2020計劃將健康素養列為要推動新主題之一,目標是在往後的十年內可以提昇健康素養[7]。
社會整體有責任提升健康素養。更重要的,提升健康素養需要醫療及公衛專業人士及系統的參與。
相關條目
參考資料
- ^ Roundtable on Health Literacy; Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice; Institute of the Medicine. Facilitating State Health Exchange Communication Through the Use of Health Literate Practices: Workshop Summary. National Academies Press. 2012-10-10: 1 [2019-09-19]. ISBN 978-0-309-22029-3. (原始內容存檔於2016-05-05).
- ^ A. Pleasant; J. McKinney. Coming to consensus on health literacy measurement: An online discussion and consensus-gauging process. Nursing Outlook. 2011, 59 (2): 95–106.e1. PMID 21402205. doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2010.12.006.
- ^ Atkinson, Richard C.; Jackson, Gregg B. Research and Education Reform. 1992-01-01. ISBN 978-0-309-04729-6. doi:10.17226/1973.
- ^ Kutner, MA; Greenberg, E; Jin, Y; Paulson, C. The Health Literacy of America's Adults: Results From the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics. 2006.
- ^ America's Health Literacy: Why We Need Accessible Health Information. health.gov. [2015-11-20]. (原始內容存檔於2015-11-21).
- ^ Health literacy: report of the Council on Scientific Affairs. Ad Hoc Committee on Health Literacy for the Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association. JAMA. 1999-02-10, 281 (6): 552–557. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 10022112.
- ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Health Communication and Health Information Technology - Healthy People 2020. [2019-09-19]. (原始內容存檔於2020-10-21).
來源
- Hayat T. Z., Brainin E., Neter E. With Some Help From My Network: Supplementing eHealth Literacy With Social Ties. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2017, 19 (3): e98. PMC 5391437 . PMID 28360024. doi:10.2196/jmir.6472.
- Nutbeam D. Health literacy as a public health goal: A challenge for contemporary health education and communication strategies into the 21st century. Health Promotion International. 2000, 15 (3): 259–267. doi:10.1093/heapro/15.3.259.
- Pleasant, A.; Kuruvilla, S., A tale of two health literacies? Public health and clinical approaches to health literacy, Health Promotion International, 2008 [Feb 28, 2008], (原始內容存檔於2008-10-07)
- Ratzan S. C. Health literacy: Communication for the public good. Health Promotion International. 2001, 16 (2): 207–214. doi:10.1093/heapro/16.2.207.
- Rootman, I., & Wharf-Higgins, J., Literacy and Health: Implications for Active Living (PDF) (18), WellSpring: 4, 2007 [2021-08-29], (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2022-01-25)
- Health Literacy Improvement. health.gov. July 24, 2008 [2019-09-19]. (原始內容存檔於2018-06-11).
- Rudd, R., Moeykens, B. Colton, TC. (1999) Health and literacy: A review of medical and public health literature. In J. Comings, B. Garners, & C. Smith, eds. Annual Review of Adult Learning and Literacy, Volume I. New York, NY: Jossey-Bass.
- Zarcadoolas C., Pleasant A., Greer D. Understanding health literacy: An expanded model. Health Promotion International. 2005, 20 (2): 195–203. PMID 15788526. doi:10.1093/heapro/dah609.
- Zarcadoolas, C., Pleasant, A., & Greer, D. (2006). Advancing health literacy: A framework for understanding and action. Jossey-Bass: San Francisco, CA.