| 辅音／子音
|
| IPA |
范例 |
汉语描述
|
| b
|
buy, cab |
浊音的b；闽南语“闽”
|
| d
|
dye, cad |
浊音的d；吴语“甜”
|
| ð
|
thy, breathe, father |
胶辽官话登连片“即”
|
| dʒ
|
giant, badge, jam |
无此音；衢州话“陈”
|
| f
|
phi, caff, fan |
同汉语f
|
| ɡ (ɡ)[1]
|
guy, bag |
浊音的g；闽南语“五”、吴语“共”
|
| h
|
high, ahead |
喉音的h；闽南语和粤语的“海”
|
| j
|
yes, yacht |
同汉语y
|
| k
|
sky, crack |
同汉语g或k
|
| l
|
lie, sly, gal |
同汉语l
|
| m
|
my, smile, cam |
同汉语m
|
| n
|
nigh, snide, can |
同汉语n
|
| ŋ
|
sang, sink, singer |
同汉语ng
|
| ŋɡ
|
finger, anger
|
| θ
|
thigh, math |
无此音
|
| p
|
pie, spy, cap |
同汉语b或p
|
| r
|
rye, try, very[2]
|
类似r或儿化音
|
| s
|
sigh, mass |
同汉语s
|
| ʃ
|
shy, cash, emotion |
类似汉语xu
|
| t
|
tie, sty, cat, atom |
同汉语t
|
| tʃ
|
China, catch |
类似汉语qu
|
| v
|
vie, have |
浊音的f；吴语“饭”
|
| w
|
wye, swine |
同汉语w
|
| hw
|
why[3]
|
| z
|
zoo, has |
浊音的s
|
| ʒ
|
pleasure, vision, beige[4]
|
无此音；衢州话“床”
|
| 罕见辅音
|
| x
|
ugh, loch, Chanukah[5]
|
同汉语h
|
| ʔ
|
uh-oh /ˈʌʔoʊ/ |
“西安”的“安”的开头
|
|
| 元音／母音
|
| IPA |
完全元音 |
……后面接 R
|
| ɑː
|
baht, father
|
ɑr
|
bard, barn, snarl, star（/ɑːr./ 亦可）
|
| ɒ
|
pod, John, doll
|
ɒr
|
moral, forage
|
| æ
|
pad, shall, ban
|
ær
|
barrow, marry
|
| aɪ
|
ride, file, fine, pie
|
aɪər
|
fire (/aɪr./)
|
| aʊ
|
loud, foul, down, how
|
aʊər
|
hour (/aʊr./)
|
| ɛ
|
bed, fell, men
|
ɛr
|
error, merry
|
| eɪ
|
made, fail, vein, pay
|
ɛər
|
scared, scarce, cairn, Mary (/eɪr./)
|
| ɪ
|
lid, fill, bin
|
ɪr
|
mirror, Sirius
|
| iː
|
seed, feel, mean, sea
|
ɪər
|
beard, fierce, serious (/iːr./)
|
| ɔː
|
Maud, dawn, fall, straw
|
ɔr
|
born, for, aural (/ɔːr./)
|
| ɔɪ
|
void, foil, coin, boy
|
ɔɪər
|
loir, coir (/ɔɪr./)
|
| oʊ
|
code, foal, bone, go
|
ɔər
|
boar, more, oral (/oʊr./)
|
| ʊ
|
good, full, woman
|
ʊr
|
courier
|
| uː
|
food, fool, soon, chew
|
ʊər
|
boor, moor, tourist (/uːr./)
|
| juː
|
cued, cute, mule, tune, queue
|
jʊər
|
cure
|
| ʌ
|
mud, dull, gun
|
ʌr
|
borough, hurry
|
| ɜr
|
word, girl, fern, furry (/ɝː/)
|
| 弱化元音
|
| ə
|
Rosa’s, a mission
|
ər
|
perform（/ɚ/ 亦可）
|
| ɨ
|
roses, emission （ɪ 或 ə）
|
ən
|
button
|
| ɵ
|
omission （oʊ 或 ə）
|
əm
|
rhythm
|
| ʉ
|
beautiful, curriculum ([jʉ]) （ʊ 或 ə）
|
əl
|
bottle
|
| i
|
serious （ɪ 或 iː）
|
ᵊ, ⁱ
|
（元音经常弱化：nasturtium）
|
|
|
| 重音
|
音节划分
|
| IPA |
范例
|
IPA |
范例
|
| ˈ
|
intonation /ˌɪntɵˈneɪʃən/,
battleship /ˈbætəlʃɪp/
|
.
|
shellfish /ˈʃɛl.fɪʃ/, selfish /ˈsɛlf.ɨʃ/
nitrate /ˈnaɪ.treɪt/, night-rate /ˈnaɪt.reɪt/
hire /ˈhaɪər/, higher /ˈhaɪ.ər/
moai /ˈmoʊ.aɪ/, Windhoek /ˈvɪnt.hʊk/
Vancouveria /væn.kuːˈvɪəriə/
|
| ˌ
|
|
