西耶路撒冷

31°46′55″N 35°13′10″E / 31.78194°N 35.21944°E / 31.78194; 35.21944

西耶路撒冷（希伯来语：מַעֲרַב יְרוּשָׁלַיִם‎, Ma'aráv Yerushaláyim; 阿拉伯语：القدس الغربية‎, al-Quds al-Ġarbiyyah）是耶路撒冷城中，自1949年第一次中东战争后由以色列管辖的区域，耶路撒冷的其他区域（东耶路撒冷）在1967年第三次中东战争被以色列占领前由约旦管辖，两地区以绿线（1949年停战协议订定的实际分界线）相隔^[1]。西耶路撒冷由以色列控制及事实上拥有主权。虽然自从第三次中东战争后，以色列已控制包括东耶路撒冷在内的整个耶路撒冷。但国际上仍将东西耶路撒冷之间的边界视为是法理上的边界，主因是这在确认耶路撒冷地位（英语：status of Jerusalem）上的重要性，而此问题是阿以冲突和以巴冲突的主要争议点。大部分的情形下，国际上不会将完整的耶路撒冷视为是以色列或是巴勒斯坦国的领土^[2]^[3]。较多国家的外交立场是支持以色列只统治西耶路撒冷，像联合国就将东耶路撒冷视为是约旦河西岸以色列占领区的一部分^[4]。

西耶路撒冷面积约125平方公里，政府、国会及最高法院均位于西耶路撒冷。美国、英国等西方国家承认西耶路撒冷是以色列的实际管辖，但未给予法律上的承认^[5]。

参考资料

^ Key Maps. Jerusalem: Before 1967 and now. BBC News. [2013-04-26]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-10）.
^ Dumper 1997，第35–36页.
^ Moshe Hirsch; Deborah Housen-Couriel; Ruth Lapidot. Whither Jerusalem?: Proposals and Positions Concerning the Future of Jerusalem. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 28 June 1995: 15. ISBN 978-90-411-0077-1. What, then, is Israel's status in west Jerusalem? Two main answers have been adduced: (a) Israel has sovereignty in this area; and (b) sovereignty lies with the Palestinian people or is suspended.
^ Bisharat, George. Maximizing Rights. Susan M. Akram; Michael Dumper; Michael Lynk (编). International Law and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A Rights-Based Approach to Middle East Peace. Routledge. 23 December 2010: 311 [2016-02-20]. ISBN 978-1-136-85098-1. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）. As we have noted previously the international legal status of Jerusalem is contested and Israel’s designation of it as its capital has not been recognized by the international community. However its claims of sovereign rights to the city are stronger with respect to West Jerusalem than with respect to East Jerusalem.
^ Dumper, Michael. The politics of Jerusalem since 1967. Columbia University Press. 1997: 35–36 [2014-06-26]. ISBN 978-0231106405. （原始内容存档于2020-02-07）.

来源

Dumper, Michael. The politics of Jerusalem since 1967. Columbia University Press. 1997. ISBN 978-0-231-10640-5.

[BBC_maps-1] Key Maps. Jerusalem: Before 1967 and now. BBC News. [2013-04-26]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-10）.

[FOOTNOTEDumper199735–36-2] Dumper 1997，第35–36页.

[HirschHousen-Couriel1995-3] Moshe Hirsch; Deborah Housen-Couriel; Ruth Lapidot. Whither Jerusalem?: Proposals and Positions Concerning the Future of Jerusalem. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 28 June 1995: 15. ISBN 978-90-411-0077-1. What, then, is Israel's status in west Jerusalem? Two main answers have been adduced: (a) Israel has sovereignty in this area; and (b) sovereignty lies with the Palestinian people or is suspended.

[AkramDumper2010-4] Bisharat, George. Maximizing Rights. Susan M. Akram; Michael Dumper; Michael Lynk (编). International Law and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A Rights-Based Approach to Middle East Peace. Routledge. 23 December 2010: 311 [2016-02-20]. ISBN 978-1-136-85098-1. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）. As we have noted previously the international legal status of Jerusalem is contested and Israel’s designation of it as its capital has not been recognized by the international community. However its claims of sovereign rights to the city are stronger with respect to West Jerusalem than with respect to East Jerusalem.

[Dumper_35-5] Dumper, Michael. The politics of Jerusalem since 1967. Columbia University Press. 1997: 35–36 [2014-06-26]. ISBN 978-0231106405. （原始内容存档于2020-02-07）.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

西耶路撒冷

相关条目

参考资料

来源