死亡大道

死亡大道(英语:Death Avenue)是指纽约曼哈顿西边第十大道第十一大道在十九世纪时的别称。

1847年,纽约市批准在曼哈顿西边沿着第十和十一大道兴建一条铁路,铁路路轨在公路上铺设,由纽约中央铁路公司营运,负责运动货物例如煤,奶类制品和牛肉[1][2]。然而由于人车争路,发生了太多死亡事故,这两条大道因此获得了“死亡大道”的别称[3][4]。为了减低意外,于是聘请了“西城牛仔”(West Side cowboys),在火车头前方举旗要求行人车辆让路[5]。在1910年,一个组织估计这死亡大道造成了548宗死亡个案和1,574宗受伤个案[1]

1929年,纽约市通过了罗伯·摩斯提出的改善工程[2][6],兴建一条高架铁路取代原有的地面铁路,使人车争路意外不会再发生。工程耗资超过1.5亿美元[7][4]。1941年,最后一条铁轨在第十一大道移除,而西边牛仔亦的工作亦步入历史[8]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Dunlap, David W. New York City Rail Crossings Carry a Deadly Past. The New York Times. February 18, 2015 [February 12, 2018]. ISSN 0362-4331. (原始内容存档于2018-02-13) (美国英语). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 The Highline: past and present. GeoWeb, Harvard University. May 13, 2010 [October 23, 2014]. (原始内容存档于October 23, 2014). 
  3. ^ Gray, Christopher. When a Monster Plied the West Side. The New York Times. December 22, 2011 [May 12, 2014]. (原始内容存档于May 17, 2014). The New York World referred to the West Side route as Death Avenue in 1892, long after the Park Avenue problem had been solved, saying 'many had been sacrificed' to 'a monster which has menaced them night and day.' 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Amateau, Albert. Newspaper was there at High Line's birth and now its rebirth. he Villager 77 (48). [August 12, 2011]. (原始内容存档于July 13, 2011). 
  5. ^ The West Side Cowboys of Death Avenue. exp1.com. [November 4, 2022]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-04). 
  6. ^ Walsh, Kevin. "High Line"'s Last Frontier. Forgotten NY. September 2012 [October 23, 2014]. (原始内容存档于October 24, 2014). 
  7. ^ High Line History. Friends of the High Line. [August 2, 2009]. (原始内容存档于September 22, 2014). 
  8. ^ ' Death Ave.' Ends as Last Rusty Rail Goes; Huge West Side Improvement Completed (PDF). The New York Times. June 26, 1941 [February 12, 2018]. ISSN 0362-4331 (美国英语).