维基百科

拉克万纳河

美国宾夕法尼亚州河流

拉克万纳河（英语：Lackawanna River）是美国宾夕法尼亚州东北部的一条河流，是萨斯奎汉纳河的支流，长约40.8-哩（65.7-千米）[18]。它流经的波科诺山北部山区曾经是美国的一个无烟煤中心。它起始于宾夕法尼亚州韦恩县北部，在路泽恩县中东部的杜里埃注入萨斯奎汉纳河。河流的下游经过斯克兰顿的市中心，其两岸在19世纪形成了一个工业中心。它的名字来自当地部落语言莱纳佩语，意为 "浊流"。[19]

拉克万纳河
Map of northeastern Pennsylvania, with county borders indictated and the Lackawanna and Lackawaxen watersheds highlighted in yellow.
拉克万纳河流域
别名Gachanai,[1] Hazirok[1] L'chau-hanne,[2] Lackawannok,[3] Lechau-hanné,[4] Lechau-hannek,[2] Lechauwah-hannek.[2]
词源莱纳佩语Lechauwa-hannek，意谓“分岔的河流”[2]
国家 美国
州 宾夕法尼亚州
县拉克瓦纳县、路泽恩县、萨斯奎汉纳县和韦恩县[5]
流域
源头东西侧支流合流点
 • 海拔1,341呎（409米）
第二源头 
 • 位置东侧支流：[5]
Bone Pond,[7] Dunn Pond,[8] Independent Lake,[9] Lake Lorain[10]
 • 海拔东侧支流：1,572呎（479米）[11]
第三源头 
 • 位置西侧支流：[5]
Fiddle Lake,[12] Lewis Lake,[13] Lake Lowe[14]
 • 海拔西侧支流：1,575呎（480米）[15]
河口 
 • 位置萨斯奎汉纳河北侧支流[6]
 • 坐标41°20′28″N 75°47′35″W / 41.3412°N 75.7931°W / 41.3412; -75.7931
 • 海拔540呎（160米）
流域面积350 sq mi（910 km2）[5]
本貌
长度42 mi（68 km）[5]
特征
右岸支流Roaring Brook[16][17]

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Craft, David. History of Scranton, Penn: With Full Outline of the Natural Advantages, Accounts of the Indian Tribes, Early Settlements, Connecticut's Claim to the Wyoming Valley, the Trenton Decree, Down to the Present Time. Dayton: United Brethren Publishing House. 1891: 34 [1 December 2014]. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Craft. p. 18.
  3. ^ Mahr, August C. Practical Reasons for Algonkian Indian Stream and Place Names. Ohio Journal of Science (Ohio Academy of Science). November 1959, 59 (6): 368. hdl:1811/4658. 
  4. ^ Trumbull, J. Hammond. The Composition of Indian Geographical Names, Illustrated from the Algonkin Languages. Hartford: Press of Case, Lockwood & Brainard. 1870: 12 [1 December 2014]. （原始内容存档于2012-11-09）. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 McGurl, Bernard. Arthur Popp , 编. The Lackawanna River Guide (PDF) (报告). Daniel Townsend, PhD, Len Gorney, Dominic Totaro, Jack McDonough, Pamela Lomax, Deilsie Heath Kulesa 2. The Lackawanna River Corridor Association: 1. 2002 [17 November 2014]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2016-03-05）. 
  6. ^ McGurl. p. 2.
  7. ^ Bone Pond. Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 2 August 1979 [1 December 2014]. 
  8. ^ Dunn Pond. Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 2 August 1979 [1 December 2014]. 
  9. ^ Independent Lake. Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 2 August 1979 [1 December 2014]. 
  10. ^ Lake Lorain. Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 2 August 1979 [1 December 2014]. 
  11. ^ East Branch Lackawanna River. Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 2 August 1979 [1 December 2014]. 
  12. ^ Fiddle Lake. Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 2 August 1979 [1 December 2014]. 
  13. ^ Lewis Lake. Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 2 August 1979 [1 December 2014]. 
  14. ^ Lowe Lake. Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 2 August 1979 [1 December 2014]. 
  15. ^ West Branch Lackawanna River. Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 2 August 1979 [1 December 2014]. 
  16. ^ Roaring Brook. Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 2 August 1979 [1 December 2014]. 
  17. ^ McGurl. p. 20.
  18. ^ U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, accessed August 8, 2011
  19. ^ Gannett, Henry. The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Government Printing Office. 1905: 178 [2018-01-17]. （原始内容存档于2016-06-23）. 

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