钽的同位素
此条目翻译品质不佳。 (2023年8月20日) |
钽（原子质量单位：180.94788(2)）的同位素，有1个是稳定的，另一个180m
Ta
为天然存在的核异构体，理论上不稳定，但是半衰期只有下界。
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| 标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) |
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图表
| 符号 | Z | N | 同位素质量（u） [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2] |
衰变 方式[2] |
衰变 产物 [n 3][n 4] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相对丰度 （莫耳分率）[n 2] |
相对丰度 的变化量 （莫耳分率） |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 激发能量[n 1][n 2] | |||||||||
| 155 Ta |
73 | 82 | 154.97459(54)# | 13(4) µs [12(+4−3) µs] |
(11/2−) | ||||
| 156 Ta |
73 | 83 | 155.97230(43)# | 144(24) ms | β+ (95.8%) | 156Hf | (2−) | ||
| p (4.2%) | 155Hf | ||||||||
| 156m Ta |
102(7) keV | 0.36(4) s | p | 155Hf | 9+ | ||||
| 157 Ta |
73 | 84 | 156.96819(22) | 10.1(4) ms | α (91%) | 153Lu | 1/2+ | ||
| β+ (9%) | 157Hf | ||||||||
| 157m1 Ta |
22(5) keV | 4.3(1) ms | 11/2− | ||||||
| 157m2 Ta |
1593(9) keV | 1.7(1) ms | α | 153Lu | (25/2−) | ||||
| 158 Ta |
73 | 85 | 157.96670(22)# | 49(8) ms | α (96%) | 154Lu | (2−) | ||
| β+ (4%) | 158Hf | ||||||||
| 158m Ta |
141(9) keV | 36.0(8) ms | α (93%) | 154Lu | (9+) | ||||
| IT | 158Ta | ||||||||
| β+ | 158Hf | ||||||||
| 159 Ta |
73 | 86 | 158.963018(22) | 1.04(9) s | β+ (66%) | 159Hf | (1/2+) | ||
| α (34%) | 155Lu | ||||||||
| 159m Ta |
64(5) keV | 514(9) ms | α (56%) | 155Lu | (11/2−) | ||||
| β+ (44%) | 159Hf | ||||||||
| 160 Ta |
73 | 87 | 159.96149(10) | 1.70(20) s | α | 156Lu | (2#)− | ||
| β+ | 160Hf | ||||||||
| 160m Ta |
310(90)# keV | 1.55(4) s | β+ (66%) | 160Hf | (9)+ | ||||
| α (34%) | 156Lu | ||||||||
| 161 Ta |
73 | 88 | 160.95842(6)# | 3# s | β+ (95%) | 161Hf | 1/2+# | ||
| α (5%) | 157Lu | ||||||||
| 161m Ta |
50(50)# keV | 2.89(12) s | 11/2−# | ||||||
| 162 Ta |
73 | 89 | 161.95729(6) | 3.57(12) s | β+ (99.92%) | 162Hf | 3+# | ||
| α (.073%) | 158Lu | ||||||||
| 163 Ta |
73 | 90 | 162.95433(4) | 10.6(18) s | β+ (99.8%) | 163Hf | 1/2+# | ||
| α (.2%) | 159Lu | ||||||||
| 164 Ta |
73 | 91 | 163.95353(3) | 14.2(3) s | β+ | 164Hf | (3+) | ||
| 165 Ta |
73 | 92 | 164.950773(19) | 31.0(15) s | β+ | 165Hf | 5/2−# | ||
| 165m Ta |
60(30) keV | 9/2−# | |||||||
| 166 Ta |
73 | 93 | 165.95051(3) | 34.4(5) s | β+ | 166Hf | (2)+ | ||
| 167 Ta |
73 | 94 | 166.94809(3) | 1.33(7) min | β+ | 167Hf | (3/2+) | ||
| 168 Ta |
73 | 95 | 167.94805(3) | 2.0(1) min | β+ | 168Hf | (2−,3+) | ||
| 169 Ta |
73 | 96 | 168.94601(3) | 4.9(4) min | β+ | 169Hf | (5/2+) | ||
| 170 Ta |
73 | 97 | 169.94618(3) | 6.76(6) min | β+ | 170Hf | (3)(+#) | ||
| 171 Ta |
73 | 98 | 170.94448(3) | 23.3(3) min | β+ | 171Hf | (5/2−) | ||
| 172 Ta |
73 | 99 | 171.94490(3) | 36.8(3) min | β+ | 172Hf | (3+) | ||
| 173 Ta |
73 | 100 | 172.94375(3) | 3.14(13) h | β+ | 173Hf | 5/2− | ||
| 174 Ta |
73 | 101 | 173.94445(3) | 1.14(8) h | β+ | 174Hf | 3+ | ||
| 175 Ta |
73 | 102 | 174.94374(3) | 10.5(2) h | β+ | 175Hf | 7/2+ | ||
| 176 Ta |
73 | 103 | 175.94486(3) | 8.09(5) h | β+ | 176Hf | (1)− | ||
| 176m1 Ta |
103.0(10) keV | 1.1(1) ms | IT | 176Ta | (+) | ||||
| 176m2 Ta |
1372.6(11)+X keV | 3.8(4) µs | (14−) | ||||||
| 176m3 Ta |
2820(50) keV | 0.97(7) ms | (20−) | ||||||
| 177 Ta |
73 | 104 | 176.944472(4) | 56.56(6) h | β+ | 177Hf | 7/2+ | ||
| 177m1 Ta |
73.36(15) keV | 410(7) ns | 9/2− | ||||||
| 177m2 Ta |
186.15(6) keV | 3.62(10) µs | 5/2− | ||||||
| 177m3 Ta |
1355.01(19) keV | 5.31(25) µs | 21/2− | ||||||
| 177m4 Ta |
4656.3(5) keV | 133(4) µs | 49/2− | ||||||
| 178 Ta |
73 | 105 | 177.945778(16) | 9.31(3) min | β+ | 178Hf | 1+ | ||
| 178m1 Ta |
100(50)# keV | 2.36(8) h | β+ | 178Hf | (7)− | ||||
| 178m2 Ta |
1570(50)# keV | 59(3) ms | (15−) | ||||||
| 178m3 Ta |
3000(50)# keV | 290(12) ms | (21−) | ||||||
| 179 Ta |
73 | 106 | 178.9459295(23) | 1.82(3) a | ε | 179Hf | 7/2+ | ||
| 179m1 Ta |
30.7(1) keV | 1.42(8) µs | (9/2)− | ||||||
| 179m2 Ta |
520.23(18) keV | 335(45) ns | (1/2)+ | ||||||
| 179m3 Ta |
1252.61(23) keV | 322(16) ns | (21/2−) | ||||||
| 179m4 Ta |
1317.3(4) keV | 9.0(2) ms | IT | 179Ta | (25/2+) | ||||
| 179m5 Ta |
1327.9(4) keV | 1.6(4) µs | (23/2−) | ||||||
| 179m6 Ta |
2639.3(5) keV | 54.1(17) ms | (37/2+) | ||||||
| 180 Ta |
73 | 107 | 179.9474648(24) | 8.152(6) h | ε (86%) | 180Hf | 1+ | ||
| β− (14%) | 180W | ||||||||
| 180m1 Ta |
77.1(8) keV | 观测上稳定[n 5] | 9− | 1.2(2)×10−4 | |||||
| 180m2 Ta |
1452.40(18) keV | 31.2(14) µs | 15− | ||||||
| 180m3 Ta |
3679.0(11) keV | 2.0(5) µs | (22−) | ||||||
| 180m4 Ta |
4171.0+X keV | 17(5) µs | (23,24,25) | ||||||
| 181 Ta |
73 | 108 | 180.9479958(20) | 观测上稳定[n 6] | 7/2+ | 0.99988(2) | |||
| 181m1 Ta |
6.238(20) keV | 6.05(12) µs | 9/2− | ||||||
| 181m2 Ta |
615.21(3) keV | 18(1) µs | 1/2+ | ||||||
| 181m3 Ta |
1485(3) keV | 25(2) µs | 21/2− | ||||||
| 181m4 Ta |
2230(3) keV | 210(20) µs | 29/2− | ||||||
| 182 Ta |
73 | 109 | 181.9501518(19) | 114.43(3) d | β− | 182W | 3− | ||
| 182m1 Ta |
16.263(3) keV | 283(3) ms | IT | 182Ta | 5+ | ||||
| 182m2 Ta |
519.572(18) keV | 15.84(10) min | 10− | ||||||
| 183 Ta |
73 | 110 | 182.9513726(19) | 5.1(1) d | β− | 183W | 7/2+ | ||
| 183m Ta |
73.174(12) keV | 107(11) ns | 9/2− | ||||||
| 184 Ta |
73 | 111 | 183.954008(28) | 8.7(1) h | β− | 184W | (5−) | ||
| 185 Ta |
73 | 112 | 184.955559(15) | 49.4(15) min | β− | 185W | (7/2+)# | ||
| 185m Ta |
1308(29) keV | >1 ms | (21/2−) | ||||||
| 186 Ta |
73 | 113 | 185.95855(6) | 10.5(3) min | β− | 186W | (2−,3−) | ||
| 186m Ta |
1.54(5) min | ||||||||
| 187 Ta |
73 | 114 | 186.96053(21)# | 2# min [>300 ns] |
β− | 187W | 7/2+# | ||
| 188 Ta |
73 | 115 | 187.96370(21)# | 20# s [>300 ns] |
β− | 188W | |||
| 189 Ta |
73 | 116 | 188.96583(32)# | 3# s [>300 ns] |
7/2+# | ||||
| 190 Ta |
73 | 117 | 189.96923(43)# | 0.3# s | |||||
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明，仅为理论推测。
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 用括号括起来的数据代表不确定性。
- ^ 稳定的衰变产物以粗体表示。
- ^ 半衰期超过5亿年的衰变产物以粗斜体表示。
- ^ Only known observationally stable nuclear isomer, believed to decay by isomeric transition to 180Ta, β− decay to 180W, or electron capture to 180Hf with a half-life over 1.2×1015 years
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 177Lu
| ← | 同位素列表 | → |
| 铪的同位素 | 钽的同位素 | 钨的同位素 |
参考文献
- ^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart
. nucleonica. [2015-10-04]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.