旧天主教会
一支源流自天主教、不承认教宗无谬误信条的基督教独立宗派
旧天主教会(英语译名:Old Catholic Church),也称作老天主教会、古天主教会、复古天主教会、旧公教会、老公会等,是一支源流自天主教会的基督教独立宗派,1870年代从天主教会独立而出,导因是不承认1869年至1870年的第一次梵蒂冈大公会议所公布的教宗无谬误信条。该宗派的多数教会位于西欧,主要由使用德语的平信徒及教士组成。
“旧天主教”这项名称最早出现于1853年,用以描述乌特勒支总主教辖下的教会,他们是不与教宗“共融”、即不处在教宗权威之下的公教会,而乌特勒支的旧天主教会总主教也一直具有首席地位。大多数的旧天主教会加入1889年成立的乌特勒支协进会(德语:Utrechter Union der Altkatholischen Kirchen),这是旧天主教会最主要的合作组织;但有部分加入乌特勒支协进会的旧天主教会同时与圣公宗完全共融[1],部分则同时为普世教会协会成员[2]。现今在英国以及北美有使用英语的旧天主教会,他们与乌得勒支协进会并没有“完全共融”。斯洛伐克的旧天主教会是欧洲大陆的旧天主教会的一项示范,他们主动加入乌得勒支协进会。
信仰
旧天主教神学认为,圣体圣事是教会的核心。从这一点来说,教会是信众的共同体。所有的人都围绕耶稣基督的牺牲互相的共融,做为主爱的最高表现。因此,庆祝圣体圣事是重现主的战胜罪恶的经历。
参考资料
- ^ Churches in Communion with the Church of England. Europe.anglican.org. 2009-04-08 [2010-04-25]. (原始内容存档于2010-03-25).
- ^ Old-Catholic Church in the Netherlands. Oikoumene.org. [2010-04-25]. (原始内容存档于2011-05-21).
- Episcopi Vagantes and the Anglican Church. Henry R.T. Brandreth. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1947.
- Episcopi vagantes in church history. A.J. Macdonald. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1945.
- History of the So-Called Jansenist Church of Holland. John M. Neale. New York: AMS Press, 1958.
- Old Catholic: History, Ministry, Faith & Mission. Andre J. Queen. iUniverse title, 2003.
- The Old Catholic Church: A History and Chronology (The Autocephalous Orthodox Churches, No. 3). Karl Pruter. Highlandville, Missouri: St. Willibrord's Press, 1996.
- The Old Catholic Sourcebook (Garland Reference Library of Social Science). Karl Pruter and J. Gordon Melton. New York: Garland Publishers, 1983.
- The Old Catholic Churches and Anglican Orders. C.B. Moss. The Christian East, January, 1926.
- The Old Catholic Movement. C.B. Moss. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1964.
- The Old Catholics, Anthony Cekada, The Roman Catholic Magazine (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), 1980.
外部链接
旧天主教会
- Union of Utrecht of The Old Catholic Churches
- Old-Catholic Church of the Netherlands (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Catholic Diocese of the Old Catholics in Germany
- Old-Catholic Church of Switzerland
- Old-Catholic Church of Austria (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Old-Catholic Church of the Czech Republic (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Polish-Catholic Church of Poland (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- British Old Catholic Church (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Apostolic Catholic and Spiritual Church
其它连结
- (中文) 老公会 大英简明百科[永久失效链接]
- Conference of North American Old Catholic Bishops
- Old Catholic Communion of North America (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Table of the Old Catholic Apostolic Succession
- Catholic Encyclopedia on the Old Catholics (Döllingerites) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Holy Cross Old Catholic Monastery
- Ecclesia Apostolica Jesu Christi (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Kerkgemeenschap van de Goede Herder (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)