肺炎球菌多糖疫苗

肺炎球菌多糖疫苗
疫苗说明
目标	23 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae
种类	多糖体
临床资料
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）	Pneumovax 23
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a607022
怀孕分级	澳: B2 ; ;
给药途径	Intramuscular injection (IM)
ATC码	J07AL01 (WHO) ;
法律规范状态
法律规范	美：处方药（℞-only）;
识别信息
CAS号	2158248-63-4
ChemSpider	none;

肺炎球菌多糖疫苗（Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine，PPSV）又称23价肺炎球菌疫苗（Pneumovax 23，PPV-23），是第一个从荚膜多糖中提取的肺炎链球菌疫苗。多糖抗原被用来诱导特定类型的抗体，这些抗体可以增强吞噬免疫细胞对肺炎链球菌（肺炎球菌）的杀伤力。不少高风险的成年人已接种肺炎球菌多糖疫苗^[2]。因此，侵袭性肺炎球菌病的发病率和死亡率都有所降低。

该疫苗最初为四价疫苗，于1945年首次使用^[3]。1983年，疫苗改进为23价疫苗（PPSV23）。2000年2月开始，蛋白结合七价疫苗(PCV7)许可证颁发^[4]。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Pneumococcal 23-polyvalent vaccine (Pneumovax 23) Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. 7 October 2019 [14 July 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-14）.
^ The persisting burden of invasive pneumococcal disease in HIV patients: an observational cohort study. BMC Infectious Diseases. November 2011, 11: 314. PMC 3226630  . PMID 22078162. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-314.
^ Prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia by immunization with specific capsular polysaccharides. J Exp Med. 1945, 82 (6): 445–65. PMC 2135567  . PMID 19871511. doi:10.1084/jem.82.6.445.
^ Immunogenicity and safety of pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine (diphtheria CRM(197) protein conjugate; Prevenar ) in Korean infants: differences that are found in Asian children. Vaccine. 2007, 25 (45): 7858–65. PMID 17931753. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.08.022.

[Drugs.com_pregnancy-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Pneumococcal 23-polyvalent vaccine (Pneumovax 23) Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. 7 October 2019 [14 July 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-14）.

[Siemieniuk_2011-2] The persisting burden of invasive pneumococcal disease in HIV patients: an observational cohort study. BMC Infectious Diseases. November 2011, 11: 314. PMC 3226630  . PMID 22078162. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-314.

[3] Prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia by immunization with specific capsular polysaccharides. J Exp Med. 1945, 82 (6): 445–65. PMC 2135567  . PMID 19871511. doi:10.1084/jem.82.6.445.

[pmid17931753-4] Immunogenicity and safety of pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine (diphtheria CRM(197) protein conjugate; Prevenar ) in Korean infants: differences that are found in Asian children. Vaccine. 2007, 25 (45): 7858–65. PMID 17931753. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.08.022.

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