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用戶:Cypp0847/戴文天娜·寶雲

< User:Cypp0847
女伯爵
寶雲夫人
Lady Bowen
香港總督夫人
任期
1883年3月30日 (1883-03-30)—1887年10月6日 (1887-10-06)
州長寶雲爵士
前任嘉芙蓮·軒尼詩
繼任瑪莉安·德輔
個人資料
出生戴文天娜·狄羅馬
Diamantina di Roma
1832年／1833年
伊奧尼亞群島合眾國
（今希臘）
逝世1893年（60歲）
 英格蘭倫敦
墓地根素綠地墓地（英語：Kensal Green Cemetery）
配偶寶雲（1856年結婚）
兒女6

寶雲爵士夫人戴文天娜（英語：Diamantina, Lady Bowen；1832年／1833年—1893年），婚前姓狄羅馬（di Roma），是威尼斯管治伊奧尼亞群島（英語：Venetian rule in the Ionian Islands）時的貴族後裔[1]，後來成為首任昆士蘭總督寶雲的妻子。

生平

戴文天娜·狄羅馬女伯爵生於1832年或1833年的大英帝國保護國伊奧尼亞群島合眾國（今日的希臘），確切地點可能是贊庭、歌賦或伊薩基。戴文天娜在十一名兄弟姊妹中排第十，家母是奧秀娜伯爵夫人，家父是佐治奧·簡迪亞奴·羅馬伯爵，曾任伊奧尼亞參議院議長和伊奧尼亞群島合眾國虛位元首，更獲維多利亞女皇任命為桂冠詩人。至於戴文天娜的家族可追溯至數個世紀前的伊奧尼亞群島威尼斯管治時期（英語：Ionian Islands under Venetian rule），屬社會上流。因此，戴文天娜家世富裕、教育良好、熟悉政府政治及外交。

1856年4月28日，戴文天娜在歌賦的聖米迦勒和聖佐治宮嫁給寶雲。來自阿爾斯特省的丈夫當時為合眾國的政治助理，曾擔任伊奧尼亞學院（英語：Ionian Academy）的校長。戴文天娜在伊奧尼亞群島先後誕下首兩胎，長子出生後十二日夭折，次女在1858年8月17日出生，名為亞德萊德·戴文天娜·寶雲，人稱蓮娜。

戴文天娜遷居布里斯班後，再生下三名孩子[2]：

  • 蘇怡·嘉露蓮·寶雲：1860年8月28日在臨時總督府「阿德萊德府」出生[3]
  • 雅娜·赫伯·寶雲：1862年7月26日在總督府（英語：Old Government House, Queensland）出生[4]
  • 佐治·威廉·何活·寶雲：1864年4月9日在總督府出生[5]

至於孻女雅法德·恩絲汀娜·雅畢天娜·寶雲則在1869年4月10日於新西蘭奧克蘭總督府（英語：Old Government House, Auckland）出生[6][7]。

Diamantina was described as "pretty" but tempered perhaps by the remark "her beauty being in her expression rather than her features". She was described as "slender but graceful".

She could play the piano and sing well, even with previously unseen pieces of music.

Living most of her life in English-speaking countries, Diamantina spoke English well but with a slight accent. Although she spoke in English in public, it was claimed she spoke with her husband at home in Italian, her mother tongue. Diamantina was frequently described as "softly spoken".

Her husband's career took the family all over the world, as governor postings were typically for five years. We do not know how Diamantina felt about this frequent upheaval, but she cried copiously as the family departed from Brisbane, suggesting that she had had many close personal connections while there.

Her daughter Nina married Allan Campbell, a Queensland grazier.[8][9]

Eventually the couple retired to London, England in 1883 accompanied by their two unmarried daughters.

Diamantina worshipped in the Greek Orthodox church during retirement in London, suggesting she maintained her connection to her religious roots throughout her life, despite so many years spent in British colonies.

Diamantina died at Bethnal Green, London, England on 17 November 1893[10] from acute bronchitis. She is buried in Kensal Green cemetery（英語：Kensal Green cemetery） in London.

Her son George William Howard Bowen married Gertrude Chamberlain (daughter of Richard Chamberlain（英語：Richard Chamberlain (MP for Islington West)） and niece of Joseph Chamberlain, Colonial Secretary（英語：Secretary of State for the Colonies）) on 16 January 1896 in Holy Trinity Church, Sloane Street（英語：Sloane Street）, London, England. His sister Alfreda was a bridesmaid.[10][11][12]

Her daughter Alfreda married Robert Lydston Newman in October 1899 at St George's Church, Hanover Square, London, England.[10][13] Her brother George gave Alfreda away (her father having died earlier that year).

A sculpture of Diamantina was created by sculptor Phillip Piperides in 1989 for the Greek Community Centre, South Brisbane, Queensland. In June 2009, it was moved to Old Government House（英語：Old Government House, Queensland） at Queensland University of Technology.

Public life in Queensland

George, Diamantina and their sixteen-month-old daughter Nina arrived in Brisbane on Saturday 10 December 1859 on board The Cordelia. As they stepped off their vessel at a landing stage at the Brisbane Botanic Gardens at Gardens Point（英語：Gardens Point, Brisbane）, they were welcomed by a huge crowd of over 4000 people waving flags, both the British Union Jack and the Greek flag[來源請求]. The arrival of the first governor and his family had been eagerly expected a few days earlier, but adverse winds had delayed their trip up from Sydney and so when the news came late on Friday that their vessel was seen entering Moreton Bay, the excitement reached enormous heights. As well as residents of Brisbane, many of those present had travelled from other parts of Queensland to welcome the incoming governor. There was a 21-gun salute as they landed, there was a triumphal arch, fireworks and all manner of proclamations, speeches and celebrations, over a number of days.

Being the first Governor, there was not yet an official residence for the Governor and so they lived in Adelaide House (now The Deanery of St John's Cathedral) which was leased for three years.

Diamantina participated in the public life in Queensland in a number of ways:

  • as wife of the Governor
  • to the social tone of Brisbane through her sense of style, education and accomplishments
  • to charity through her active patronage

Being still very much a prosperous but pioneer community on her arrival, Diamantina's dinner parties soon became the highlight of the social scene and she is credited with raising the tone of Brisbane society.

Meanwhile, the official residence (now Old Government House（英語：Old Government House, Queensland）) was being constructed and the family moved into the house in April 1862. It was an elegant and spacious building, constructed of sandstone and Brisbane tuff（英語：Brisbane tuff） (sometimes incorrectly referred to as porphyry), in the Classic Revival style. Its grounds were surrounded by thirty acres (twelve hectares) of riverbank land, including the Brisbane City Botanic Gardens which were commenced at the same time under the supervision of Walter Hill（英語：Walter Hill (garden curator)）. Diamantina personally supervised the layout of the gardens of the house, which included lawns, tennis courts as well as flower and vegetable gardens. On 16 June 1862, the couple hosted the first ball in the new building, celebrating Queen Victoria's birthday.

In 1864 at Ipswich, Queensland, Diamantina turned the first sod for Queensland's first railway-line between Ipswich and Bigge's Camp (later Grandchester（英語：Grandchester, Queensland）) using with a silver spade and a cedar wheelbarrow.

Diamantina was involved in establishing the first Sunday School for children.

Diamantina was concerned about social welfare in Brisbane and was an active patroness of a group of local ladies who established the Lady Bowen Lying-In Hospital, Brisbane's first maternity hospital, the fore-runner of the present Royal Brisbane Women's Hospital（英語：Royal Brisbane Women's Hospital）.

冠名紀念

 
布里斯班舊總督府附近的戴文天娜·寶雲爵士夫人雕像

戴文天娜在昆士蘭廣受歡迎，因此境內多處地方以其芳名命名：

In 1898 a statue of Lady Bowen was commissioned by Angelo Efstathis and sculptured by Brisbane artist Peter Piperides for the Greek Community Centre in South Brisbane. When Old Government House（英語：Old Government House, Queensland） was re-opened after restoration by Queensland University of Technology, on 5 August 2009 the statue was relocated to the western lawn of Old Government House (the western side of the house being the "female" side).[18][19]

參見

  • 寶雲：戴文天娜的生平與她的丈夫息息相關

延伸閱讀

參考文獻

  1. ^ Evans, Raymond. A history of Queensland. Cambridge University Press. 2008. 
  2. ^ Queensland Registrar-General of Births, Deaths, and Marriages
  3. ^ Birth notice. Moreton Bay Courier. 1860-08-25: 2. 
  4. ^ Birth notice. The Courier. 1862-07-29: 2. 
  5. ^ Birth notice. The Brisbane Courier. 1864-04-11: 2. 
  6. ^ Birth. Daily Southern Cross XXV (3660). 1869-04-12: 3. （原始內容存檔於2012-03-04）. 
  7. ^ Index to "The History of Coryton". [2009-06-08]. （原始內容存檔於2010-05-06）. 
  8. ^ Australian 互聯網檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2012-03-04., Wanganui Herald, Volume XII, Issue 9361, 5 March 1879, Page 2
  9. ^ Contessa Diamantina Roma, Lady Bowen 互聯網檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2008-08-07., by Dr Owen Harris, Chairman, Diamantina Health Care Museum Association Inc
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Archived copy. [2019-08-15]. （原始內容存檔於2014-02-09）. 
  11. ^ ANGLO-AUSTRALIAN NOTES.. The Age (Victoria, Australia). 1896-02-22: 11 [2020-03-05] –透過Trove. 
  12. ^ WOMAN'S WORLD.. The Brisbane Courier（英語：The Brisbane Courier） (Queensland, Australia). 1896-02-27: 7 [2020-03-06] –透過Trove. 
  13. ^ Anglo-Colonial Notes 互聯網檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2012-03-04., Evening Post (Wellington, New Zealand), 24 November 1899, page 5
  14. ^ Gladstone, The Courier: 3. 1862-01-06. 
  15. ^ Shipping Intelligence, The Moreton Bay Courier, Tuesday 26 February 1861, page 2
  16. ^ Diamantina Health Care Museum. Metro South Health. Queensland Government（英語：Queensland Government）. [2017-04-17]. （原始內容存檔於2017-03-18）. 
  17. ^ Our history. Brisbane Diamantina Health Partners. [2017-04-17]. （原始內容存檔於2017-09-22）. 
  18. ^ Social Structure. Old Government House（英語：Old Government House, Queensland）. [2019-08-15]. （原始內容存檔於2019-08-15）. 
  19. ^ First lady of the house returns to OGH. Old Government House. 2009-08-05 [2019-08-15]. （原始內容存檔於2019-08-15）. 

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