螔螺屬
螔螺科的一属软体动物
螔螺屬（學名：Limacina）是翼足目螔螺科之下的一個海洋腹足綱軟體動物門屬，即俗稱「海蝴蝶」的一種。本屬物種是腹足綱之下其中一個物種非常豐富的屬[3][4]。
螔螺屬
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| 在阿拉斯加的海裏拍攝到的一隻螔螺（Limacina helicina） | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 軟體動物門 Mollusca |
| 綱： | 腹足綱 Gastropoda |
| 目： | 翼足目 Pteropoda |
| 科： | 螔螺科 Limacinidae |
| 屬： | 螔螺屬 Limacina Bosc, 1817[1] |
| 模式種 | |
| Clio helicina Phipps, 1774 | |
| 種 | |
| 異名[2] | |
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本屬的學名「Limacina」本身的意思其實就是「像蝸牛」[5]
作為一種在海洋的浮游生物界生活的腹足綱物種，螔螺屬透過拍動牠們的一雙擬足（亦作疣足，parapoida）來在水中暢泳，所以得來「海蝴蝶」的美名。
海蝴蝶是有殼翼足類支序（Thecosomata）的成員，與之相對的是屬於裸殼翼足類支序（Gymnosomata）的海天使。這兩個支序的成員合組成為翼足類。兩者的分別在於有殼翼足類的成員的背上還留有一個或大或小的殼，但裸殼翼足類的殼已完全褪化。
物種
本屬物種同時有化石種及生存種，分別如下：
- † Limacina atypica (Laws, 1944)
- (recent) Limacina bulimoides (d'Orbigny, 1836)[6][7]- Bulimoid pteropod. Distribution: Red Sea, Pacific. Length: 1.2 mm.
- † Limacina erasmiana Janssen, 2010[8]
- † Limacina dilatata (Koenen, 1892)
- † Limacina ferax (Laws, 1944)
- † Limacina gormani (Curry, 1982)[7]
- † Limacina guersi Janssen, 2010[8]
- 螔螺 Limacina helicina (Phipps, 1774)：模式種[6]。
- (recent) Limacina lesueurii (d'Orbigny, 1836) - Distribution: North America, Western Atlantic.
- † Limacina limata (Marwick, 1926)
- † Limacina pygmaea (Lamarck, 1805)[7][8]
- (recent) Limacina rangii (d'Orbigny, 1834)
- 後彎螔螺 Limacina retroversa (Fleming, 1823)：分佈於北美洲的西大西洋及北冰洋，屬於是亞寒帶種。
- † Limacina sculptilis (Maxwell, 1992)
- † Limacina taylori (Curry, 1965)[8]
- (recent) Limacina trochiformis (d'Orbigny, 1836) - Trochiform pteropod. Distribution: North America, Western Atlantic, Red Sea, Pacific. Length: 1 mm.
- † Limacina valvatina (Reuss, 1867)[7]
- † Limacina? vegrandis Cahuzac & Janssen, 2010[7]
下列物種皆為同種異名：
- (recent) Limacina antarctica Woodward, 1854::[9]synonym of Limacina rangii f. antarctica Woodward, 1854: synonym of Limacina rangii (d'Orbigny, 1834)
- Limacina balea Møller, 1841: synonym of Limacina retroversa (Fleming, 1823)
- Limacina contorta Sykes, 1905: synonym of Limacina trochiformis (d'Orbigny, 1834)
- Limacina crossei Pelseneer, 1888: synonym of Limacina lesueurii (d'Orbigny, 1835)
- Limacina cucullata Gould, 1852: synonym of Limacina rangii f. antarctica Woodward, 1854: synonym of Limacina rangii (d'Orbigny, 1834)
- Limacina helicialis Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Limacina helicina (Phipps, 1774)
- (recent) Limacina helicoides Jeffreys, 1877 - synonym of Thielea helicoides (Jeffreys, 1877)
- (recent) Limacina inflata (d'Orbigny, 1836) - Planorbid pteropod. Distribution: circumglobal, Red Sea, Pacific. Length: 1 mm. Description: the shell is flatly twisted, resembling the shell of the cephalopod Nautilus. - synonym: Heliconoides inflata (d』Orbigny, 1836)
- Limacina naticoides Souleyet, 1852: synonym of Limacina trochiformis (d'Orbigny, 1834)
- Limacina pacifica Dall, 1871: synonym of Limacina helicina pacifica Dall, 1871
- Limacina scaphoidea Gould, 1852: synonym of Heliconoides inflatus (d'Orbigny, 1834)
參考文獻
- ^ Bosc, L. A. G. "Cléodore". Nouveau Dictionnaire d』Histoire naturelle (自然歷史新詞典). 1817, 7: 188 （法語）.
- ^ 引用錯誤：沒有為名為
WoRMS的參考文獻提供內容 - ^ Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. Limacina. WoRMS. 2012 [2012-07-18].
- ^ Lalli, Carol M.; Gilmer, Ronald W. Pelagic Snails: The Biology of Holoplanktonic Gastropod Mollusks. : 6 （英語）.
- ^ Woodward, S. P. A manual of the Mollusca; or, A rudimentary treatise of recent and fossil shells 2. London: 207. 1854 （英語）.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Janssen, A. W. Holoplanktonic Mollusca (Gastropoda: Pterotracheoidea, Janthinoidea, Thecosomata and Gymnosomata) from the Pliocene of Pangasinan (Luzon, Philippines). Scripta Geologica. 2007, 137 [2015-05-10]. （原始內容存檔於2011-07-24） （英語）.
- ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Cahuzac B. & Janssen A. W. (2010). "Eocene to Miocene holoplanktonic Mollusca (Gastropoda) of the Aquitaine Basin, southwest France". Scripta Geologica 141: http://www.scriptageologica.nl/10/nr141/a01 （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
- ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Janssen A. W. (2010). "Pteropods (Mollusca, Euthecosomata) from the Early Eocene of Rotterdam (The Netherlands)". Scripta Geologica 07 http://www.scriptageologica.nl/10/nr007/a09 （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
- ^ WoRMS (2010). Limacina antarctica Woodward, 1854. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=509607 （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） on 2011-01-29
- Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
- Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
