熔結凝灰岩
熔結凝灰岩（ignimbrite）是一種硬化凝灰岩。 由礦物結晶，岩石碎片和玻璃碎片基質組成的火成岩 [1].
它是火山碎屑密度流的沉積物，由火山噴發出的熱氣體中，所含的懸浮顆粒，因爲其密度高於周圍大氣。向下快速流動，而造成的沉積物 [2]。熔結凝灰岩由火山灰和浮石混合物組成，通常帶有岩石碎片。火山灰由玻璃碎片和結晶片組成 [3]
參考文獻
- ^ Le Maitre, R. W., ed. (2002). Igneous Rocks: A Classification and Glossary of Terms. New York, United States: Cambridge University Press. p. 92. ISBN 978-0-511-06651-1.
- ^ Branney, M. J.; Kokelaar, B. P. (2002). Pyroclastic Density Currents and the Sedimentation of Ignimbrites. Bath: The Geological Society. ISBN 1-86239-097-5.
- ^ Freundt, A. (1999). "Formation of high-grade ignimbrites Part II. A pyroclastic suspension current model with implications also for low-grade ignimbrites". Bulletin of Volcanology. 60 (7): 545–567. Bibcode:1999BVol...60..545F. doi:10.1007/s004450050251.