黃鼠屬
黃鼠屬（學名：Spermophilus），哺乳綱、囓齒目、松鼠科的一屬，而與黃鼠屬同科的動物尚有馬尾松鼠屬（馬尾松鼠）、山松鼠屬（巴拿馬山松鼠）、細趾黃鼠屬（細趾黃鼠）、松鼠屬（松鼠）等之數種哺乳動物。
黃鼠屬
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| 沙黃鼠（Spermophilus fulvus） | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 脊索動物門 Chordata |
| 綱： | 哺乳綱 Mammalia |
| 目： | 齧齒目 Rodentia |
| 科： | 松鼠科 Sciuridae |
| 亞科： | 非洲地松鼠亞科 Xerinae |
| 族： | 地松鼠族 Marmotini |
| 屬： | 黃鼠屬 Spermophilus F. Cuvier, 1825 |
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屬名更改
本屬物種原主要包括分佈在北美洲地區齧齒動物，稱為美洲黃鼠屬。2005年出版的《世界哺乳動物物種》(第三版)一書中將「黃鼠屬」的拉丁屬名更改，原屬名 Citellus 經考證為無效學名，改用 Spermophilus。[1]
下屬物種
目前全球生物多樣性信息網絡（GBIF）記錄了本屬46種：[2]
- Spermophilus bensoni (Gidley, 1922)
- Spermophilus cochisei (Gidley, 1922)
- Spermophilus cragini (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus dotti (Hibbard, 1954)
- Spermophilus finlayensis (Strain, 1966)
- Spermophilus fricki (Hibbard, 1942)
- Spermophilus gidleyi (Merriam et al., 1925)
- Spermophilus howelli (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus matachicensis (Wilson, 1949)
- Spermophilus matthewi (Black, 1963)
- Spermophilus mcgheei (Strain, 1966)
- Spermophilus mckayensis (Shotwell, 1956)
- Spermophilus meadensis (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus primitivus (Bryant, 1945)
- Spermophilus rexroadensis (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus ridgwayi Gazin, 1932
- Spermophilus shotwelli (Black, 1963)
- Spermophilus taylori (Hay, 1921)
- Spermophilus tuitus (Hay, 1921)
- Spermophilus wilsoni (Shotwell, 1956)
- Spermophilus argonautus (Stirton & Goeriz, 1942)
- 阿拉善黃鼠 Spermophilus alashanicus Büchner, 1888
- Spermophilus boothi Hibbard, 1972
- 短尾黃鼠 Spermophilus brevicauda Brandt, 1843
- Spermophilus Spermophilus (Linnaeus, 1766)
- Spermophilus cyanocittus Korth, 1997
- 達烏爾黃鼠 Spermophilus dauricus Brandt, 1843
- 赤頰黃鼠 Spermophilus erythrogenys Brandt, 1841
- 沙黃鼠 Spermophilus fulvus (Lichtenstein, 1823)
- Spermophilus jerae Sutton & Korth, 1995
- Spermophilus johnstoni Hibbard, 1972
- Spermophilus lorisrusselli Hibbard, 1976
- 大黃鼠 Spermophilus major (Pallas, 1778)
- Spermophilus meltoni Hibbard, 1972
- 高加索黃鼠 Spermophilus musicus Ménétries, 1832
- 淡尾黃鼠 Spermophilus pallidicauda (Satunin, 1903)
- 小黃鼠 Spermophilus pygmaeus (Pallas, 1778)
- Spermophilus ralli (Kuznetsov, 1948)
- 天山黃鼠 Spermophilus relictus (Kashkarov, 1923)
- Spermophilus russelli Gustafson, 1978
- Spermophilus vorontsovi Simonov, Lopatina, Titov, Ivanova, Brandler, Surin, Matrosova, Dvilis, Oreshkova, Kapustina, Golenishchev & Ermakov, 2024[3]
- Spermophilus superciliosus Kaup, 1839
- 斑點黃鼠 Spermophilus suslicus (Güldenstaedt, 1770)
- Spermophilus taurensis (Gündüz, Jaarola, Tez, Yeniyurt, Polly & Searle, 2007)
- Spermophilus torosensis
- Spermophilus wellingtonensis Kelly, 1997
- Spermophilus xanthoprymnus (Bennett, 1835)
參考文獻
- ^ Thorington RW, Hoffman RS (2005) Family Sciuridae. In: Wilson DE, Reeder DM (eds) Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference, vol 2, 3rd edn. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, pp 754–818
- ^ Spermophilus F.Cuvier, 1825. GBIF. Copenhagen, Denmark: GBIF Secretariat. [2021-06-01].
- ^ Evgeniy Simonov, Natalia V. Lopatina, Sergey V. Titov, Anastasiya D. Ivanova, Oleg V. Brandler, Vadim L. Surin, Vera A. Matrosova, Alisa E. Dvilis, Nataliya V. Oreshkova, Svetlana Yu. Kapustina, Fedor N. Golenishchev and Oleg A. Ermakov. 2024. Traditional Multilocus Phylogeny fails to fully resolve Palearctic Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus) Relationships but reveals A New Species endemic to West Siberia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 195, 108057. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108057