邦德事件
1500年左右循环一次的气候周期
邦德事件(英語:Bond event),又稱1500年氣候周期,是指北大西洋的冰筏活動,與全新世以來全球氣候變化有關。目前已發生八起邦德活動,周期在1,000-1,500年之間[1][2]。
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Holocene_Temperature_Variations.png/250px-Holocene_Temperature_Variations.png)
傑拉德·C·邦德通過哥倫比亞大學的拉蒙特-多爾蒂地球觀測所做了一系列北大西洋岩石軌跡的研究,於1997年發表論文,認為晚更新世以來全球氣候存在1470年的周期性波動[1][3]。然而此後的研究結果表明,支持此氣候循環的證據不多[2]。
此外,2005年格陵蘭島冰芯數據顯示[4],這種氣候變化與丹斯伽阿德-厄施格爾周期沒有太大關聯[2][5][6]。北大西洋冰筏活動與美國靠近大西洋地區湖泊水位下降有關,和中東地區持續55,000年的乾旱也有部分關聯[7][8][9][10][11]。
列表
大多數邦德活動沒有明顯的氣候變化標誌,但通常伴隨着氣候轉冷或乾旱。
No. | 距今 |
年份 |
備註 |
---|---|---|---|
0 | ≈ 500 | ≈ 1500 AD | 參見小冰期[12] |
1 | ≈ 1,400 | ≈ 600 AD | 參見民族大遷徙[12] 和古典晚期小冰期 |
2 | ≈ 2,800 | ≈ 800 BC | 參見鐵器時代冷期 |
3 | ≈ 4,200 | ≈ 2200 BC | 參見4.2千年事件;阿卡德帝國滅亡,埃及古王國時期結束[13][14] |
4 | ≈ 5,900 | ≈ 3900 BC | 參見5.9千年事件;撒哈拉沙漠在公元前3500–3000年間重新形成,早期青銅時代約開始於公元前3300年 |
5 | ≈ 8,200 | ≈ 6200 BC | 參見8.2千年事件 |
6 | ≈ 9,400 | ≈ 7400 BC | 挪威的冰川進行埃爾達倫活動[15],中國氣候變冷[16] |
7 | ≈ 10,300 | ≈ 8300 BC | |
8 | ≈ 11,100 | ≈ 9100 BC | 新仙女木期結束,進入北方時期[17] |
對區域氣候的影響
在南美洲中部安地斯山脈等偏遠地區發現了邦德事件。
在熱帶安第斯山脈的三個冰芯記錄中,已經確定了全新世早期和全新世中期期間多達六個邦德旋迴。 這些記錄是從薩哈馬火山、瓦斯卡蘭山和伊宜馬尼峰的山峰中提取的。 探測到的周期為距今6,400年、距今5500年、距今3,700年、距今2,700年、距今1,300年和距今200年並表示溫度下降。
參見
參考
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