紅色恐怖 (西班牙)
紅色恐怖（西班牙語：Terror Rojo）[1]是指1936年至西班牙內戰結束期間左派團體犯下的暴行[2][3][4]。左派團體至少殺害數萬人[5]，受害者包括牧師、西班牙貴族、小企業主、實業家、保守派人士、反斯大林主義左翼人士及其支持者，左派團體還縱火襲擊修道院、天主教學校和教堂。[5]
參見
參考文獻
- ^ Unearthing Franco's Legacy, Julian Casanova, pp. 105-106, University of Notre Dame Press, 2010 ISBN 0-268-03268-8
- ^ Payne, Stanley G. A History of Spain and Portugal, Vol. 2, Ch. 26, p. 650 (Print Edition: University of Wisconsin Press, 1973) (Library of Iberian Resources Online, Accessed May 15, 2007). [2024-03-20]. （原始內容存檔於2017-11-08）.
- ^ Beevor, Antony (2006), The Battle For Spain; The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, p. 81 Weidenfeld & Nicolson
- ^ Mary Vincent, The Splintering of Spain, pp. 70-71
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Cueva 1998
參考書目
- Beevor, Antony, The Battle For Spain; The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2006.
- Callahan, William J., The Catholic Church in Spain, 1875-1998 reprint, 2012 [1998]
- Cueva, Julio de la, Religious Persecution, Anticlerical Tradition and Revolution: On Atrocities against the Clergy during the Spanish Civil War, Journal of Contemporary History, 1998, XXXIII (3): 355–369, JSTOR 261121
- Franzen, August; Bäumer, Remigius, Papstgeschichte (Papal history), Freiburg: Herder, 1988 (cit Franzen 1988)
- Franzen, August; Bäumer, Remigius, Kirchengeschichte (Church history), Freiburg: Herder, 1991(cit Franzen II 1991)
- Granados, Anastasio, El Cardinal Goma, Primado de Espana, Madrid: Espasa Calpe, 1969 （西班牙語）
- Jedin, Hubert; Repgen, Konrad; Dolan, John (編), History of the Church: The Church in the Twentieth Century X, London & New York: Burn& Oates, 1999 [1981]
- Lannon, Frances, Privilege, Persecution, and Prophecy. The Catholic Church in Spain 1875-1975, Oxford, 1987, ISBN 0-19-821923-7
- Seppelt, Franz; Löffler, Klemens, Papstgeschichte, von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart, Munich: Verlag Josef Kösel & Friedrich Pustet, 1933 （德語） (Papal history)
- Montero Moreno, Antonio, Historia de la persecución religiosa en España 1936-1939, La Editorial Católica, 1961
- Mitchell, David, The Spanish Civil War, New York: Franklin Watts, 1983, ISBN 9780531098967.
- Ruiz, Julius, The 'Red Terror' and the Spanish Civil War: Revolutionary Violence in Madrid, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015, ISBN 978-1107682931
- Ruiz, Julius Ruiz, Defending the Republic: The García Atadell Brigade in Madrid, 1936, Journal of Contemporary History, 2007, 42 (1): 97–115, JSTOR 30036431, S2CID 159559553, doi:10.1177/0022009407071625.
- Schmidlin, Josef, Papstgeschichte der neuesten Zeit Vol IV, Pius XI, 1922–1939, Munich: Verlag Josef Kösel & Friedrich Pustet, 1939 （德語） (Papal history)
- Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War, ???: Touchstone, 1961, ISBN 0-671-75876-4.
- Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War Revised and enlarged, Harper & Row, 1977, ISBN 0-06-014278-2
- Casanova, Julian, The Spanish Republic and the civil war, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-521-73780-7