沼蝦屬
长臂虾科的一属甲壳动物
沼蝦屬（學名：Macrobrachium）是長臂蝦科的一個屬，也是淡水蝦中最大的一個屬，所包含的種類多達200餘種，其中也包含幾種可能是最巨大的淡水蝦類，如羅氏沼蝦（M. rosenbergii）、M. faustinum、M. carcinus、M. malcolmsonii、M. choprai、M. vollenhovenii、附刺沼蝦（M. spinipes）以及貪食沼蝦（M. lar），最大體型均超過15公分。沼蝦屬分佈廣泛，七大洲中，只有南極洲沒有沼蝦屬的蹤跡。
沼蝦屬
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| 淡水長臂大蝦 | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 節肢動物門 Arthropoda |
| 亞門： | 甲殼亞門 Crustacea |
| 綱： | 軟甲綱 Malacostraca |
| 目： | 十足目 Decapoda |
| 亞目： | 抱卵亞目 Pleocyemata |
| 下目： | 真蝦下目 Caridea |
| 科： | 長臂蝦科 Palaemonidae |
| 屬： | 沼蝦屬 Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868 |
| 物種 | |
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見內文 | |
下屬物種
本屬包括以下物種：[1]
- Macrobrachium acanthochirus F. Villalobos, 1967
- Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836)
- Macrobrachium acherontium Holthuis, 1977
- Macrobrachium adscitum Riek, 1951
- Macrobrachium aemulum (Nobili, 1906)
- Macrobrachium agwi Klotz, 2008
- Macrobrachium ahkowi Chong & Khoo, 1987
- Macrobrachium altifrons (Henderson, 1893)
- Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862)
- Macrobrachium americanum Spence Bate, 1868
- Macrobrachium amplimanus Cai & Dai, 1999
- Macrobrachium andamanicum (Tiwari, 1952)
- Macrobrachium aracamuni Rodríguez, 1982
- 粗糙沼蝦 Macrobrachium asperulum (von Martens, 1868)，南海沼蝦
- Macrobrachium assamense (Tiwari, 1958)
- Macrobrachium atabapense S. Pereira, 1986
- Macrobrachium atactum Riek, 1951
- Macrobrachium auratum Short, 2004
- 澳洲沼蝦 Macrobrachium australe (Guérin-Méneville, 1838)
- Macrobrachium australiense Holthuis, 1950
- Macrobrachium banjarae (Tiwari, 1958)
- Macrobrachium bariense (De Man, 1892)
- 雙線沼蝦 Macrobrachium bilineare Q.Chen, W.Chen, Y.Hu, K.Ma & Z.Guo, 2021
- Macrobrachium birai Lobão, Melo & Fernandes, 1986
- Macrobrachium birmanicum Schenkel, 1902
- Macrobrachium bombajense Almelkar & Sankolli, 2006
- Macrobrachium borellii (Nobili, 1896)
- Macrobrachium brasiliense (Heller, 1862)
- Macrobrachium brevicarpum Tan & Dong, 1996
- Macrobrachium bullatum Fincham, 1987
- Macrobrachium cacharense (Tiwari, 1952)
- Macrobrachium caledonicum (Roux, 1926)
- Macrobrachium callirrhoe (De Man, 1898)
- Macrobrachium canarae (Tiwari, 1958)
- Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Macrobrachium catonium H. H. Hobbs III & H. H. Hobbs Jr., 1995
- Macrobrachium cavernicola (Kemp, 1924)
- Macrobrachium chevalieri (Roux, 1935)
- Macrobrachium clymene (De Man, 1902)
- Macrobrachium cocoense Abele & W. Kim, 1984
- Macrobrachium cosolapaense Mejía-Ortíz & López-Mejía, 2011[2]
- Macrobrachium cortezi Rodríguez, 1982
- Macrobrachium cowlesi Holthuis, 1950
- Macrobrachium crebrum Abele & W. Kim, 1989
- Macrobrachium crenulatum Holthuis, 1950
- 達氏沼蝦 Macrobrachium dacqueti (Sunier, 1925)，為Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879)的異名
- Macrobrachium dalatense Nguyên, 2003
- Macrobrachium dayanum (Henderson, 1893)
- Macrobrachium denticulatum Ostrovski, Da Fonseca & Da Silva-Ferreira, 1996
- Macrobrachium depressimanum S. Pereira, 1993
- 毛螯沼蝦 Macrobrachium dienbienphuense Đăng & B. Y. Nguyên, 1972[3]
- Macrobrachium dierythrum S. Pereira, 1986
- Macrobrachium digitus Abele & W. Kim, 1989
- Macrobrachium digueti (Bouvier, 1895)
- Macrobrachium dolatum Cai, Naiyanetr & Ng, 2004
- Macrobrachium dolichodactylus (Hilgendorf, 1879)
- 東澳沼蝦 Macrobrachium dongaoensis Chen & Chen & Guo 2018
- 都安盲沼蝦 Macrobrachium duanensis Lan, Wu & Li, 2017
- Macrobrachium duri Wowor & Ng, 2010
- Macrobrachium dux (Lenz, 1910)
- 無齒沼蝦 Macrobrachium edentatum Liang & Yan, 1986
- Macrobrachium elatum Jayachandran, 1987
- 中性沼蝦 Macrobrachium elegantum Pan, Hou & S. Li, 2010
- Macrobrachium empulipke Wowor, 2010
- 等齒沼蝦 Macrobrachium equidens (Dana, 1852)[3]
- 絨掌沼蝦 Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891)
- Macrobrachium faustinum (de Saussure, 1857)
- Macrobrachium felicinum Holthuis, 1949
- Macrobrachium ferreirai Kensley & Walker, 1982
- Macrobrachium feunteuni Keith & Vigneux, 2002
- Macrobrachium foai (Coutière, 1902)
- Macrobrachium forcipatum Ng, 1995
- 台灣沼蝦 Macrobrachium formosense Spence Bate, 1868
- 福建沼蝦 Macrobrachium fukienense Liang & Yan, 1980
- Macrobrachium gallus Holthuis, 1952
- Macrobrachium gangeticum Spence Bate, 1868
- Macrobrachium glabrum Holthuis, 1995
- 細額沼蝦 Macrobrachium gracilirostre (Miers, 1875)
- Macrobrachium grandimanus (Randall, 1840)
- Macrobrachium gua Chong, 1989
- 廣西沼蝦 Macrobrachium guangxiense Liang & Yan, 1981
- Macrobrachium gurudeve Jayachandran & Raji, 2005
- 海南沼蝦 Macrobrachium hainanense (Parisi, 1919)
- Macrobrachium hancocki Holthuis, 1950
- Macrobrachium handschini (Roux, 1933)
- Macrobrachium hendersodayanum (Tiwari, 1952)
- 韓氏沼蝦 Macrobrachium hendersoni (De Man, 1906)
- Macrobrachium heterochirus (Wiegmann, 1836)
- 異額沼蝦 Macrobrachium heterorhynchos Guo & He, 2008
- Macrobrachium hildebrandti (Hilgendorf, 1893)
- Macrobrachium hirsutimanus (Tiwari, 1952)
- Macrobrachium hirtimanus (Olivier, 1811)
- Macrobrachium hobbsi Villalobos Hiriart & Natees Rodriguez, 1990
- Macrobrachium holthuisi Genofre & Lobão, 1978
- 霍氏沼蝦 Macrobrachium horstii (De Man, 1892)，郝氏沼蝦
- Macrobrachium idae (Heller, 1862)
- Macrobrachium idella (Hilgendorf, 1898)
- Macrobrachium iheringi (Ortmann, 1897)
- Macrobrachium inca Holthuis, 1950
- Macrobrachium indicum Jayachandran & Joseph, 1986
- 胖掌沼蝦 Macrobrachium inflatum Liang & Yan, 1985
- Macrobrachium inpa Kensley & Walker, 1982
- 海島沼蝦 Macrobrachium insulare (Parisi, 1919)
- Macrobrachium irwini Kunjulakshmi, Santos & Prakash, 2022[4]
- Macrobrachium jacatepecense Mejía-Ortíz & López-Mejía, 2011[2]
- Macrobrachium jacobsoni Holthuis, 1950
- 大和沼蝦 Macrobrachium japonicum (De Haan, 1849)，和沼蝦
- 嘉羅沼蝦 Macrobrachium jaroense (Cowles, 1914)
- Macrobrachium jayasreei Jayachandran & Raji, 2005
- Macrobrachium jelskii (Miers, 1877)[5]
- 江西沼蝦 Macrobrachium jiangxiense Liang & Yan, 1985
- Macrobrachium johnsoni Ravindranath, 1979
- Macrobrachium joppae Holthuis, 1950
- Macrobrachium kelianense Wowor & Short, 2007
- Macrobrachium kempi (Tiwari, 1949)
- Macrobrachium kistnense (Tiwari, 1952)
- Macrobrachium kiukianense (Yu, 1931)
- Macrobrachium koombooloomba Short, 2004
- Macrobrachium koreana De Kwon, 1984
- Macrobrachium kulkarnii Almelkar & Sankolli, 2006
- Macrobrachium kunjuramani Jayachandran & Raji, 2005
- Macrobrachium lamarrei H. Milne-Edwards, 1837
- Macrobrachium lanatum Cai & Ng, 2002
- Macrobrachium lanceifrons (Dana, 1852)
- Macrobrachium lanchesteri (De Man, 1911)[3]
- 貪食沼蝦 Macrobrachium lar (Fabricius, 1798)
- 闊指沼蝦 Macrobrachium latidactylus (Thallwitz, 1891)
- 寬掌沼蝦 Macrobrachium latimanus (von Martens, 1868)
- 光滑沼蝦 Macrobrachium laevis Zheng, Chen & Guo, 2019
- 大嶼沼蝦 Macrobrachium lantau Chow, Chan & Tsang, 2022
- 貪食沼蝦 Macrobrachium lar (Fabricius, 1798)
- 闊指沼蝦 Macrobrachium latidactylus (Thallwitz, 1891)
- 寬掌沼蝦 Macrobrachium latimanus von Martens, 1868，短腕沼蝦
- 擬鱗指沼蝦 Macrobrachium lepidactyloides (De Man, 1892)
- Macrobrachium lepidactylus (Hilgendorf, 1879)
- Macrobrachium leptodactylus (De Man, 1892)
- Macrobrachium leucodactylus Wowor & Choy, 2001
- 凌雲沼蝦 Macrobrachium lingyunense J. Li, Cai & Clarke, 2006
- Macrobrachium lopopodus Wowor & Choy, 2001
- Macrobrachium lorentzi (Roux, 1921)
- Macrobrachium lucifugum Holthuis, 1974
- Macrobrachium lujae (De Man, 1912)
- Macrobrachium macrobrachion (Herklots, 1851)
- 斑節沼蝦 Macrobrachium maculatum Liang & Yan, 1980
- Macrobrachium madhusoodani Unnikrishnan, P. M. Pillai & Jayachandran, 2011
- Macrobrachium malayanum (Roux, 1935)
- Macrobrachium malcolmsonii (H. Milne-Edwards, 1844)
- 乳指沼蝦 Macrobrachium mammillodactylus (Thallwitz, 1892)
- Macrobrachium manipurense (Tiwari, 1952)
- Macrobrachium manningi Pereira & Lasso, 2007
- Macrobrachium mazatecum Mejía-Ortíz & López-Mejía, 2011[2]
- 南方沼蝦 Macrobrachium meridionale Liang & Yan, 1983
- Macrobrachium michoacanus Villalobos Hiriart & Nates Rodriguez, 1990
- Macrobrachium microps Holthuis, 1978
- Macrobrachium mieni Đăng, 1975
- Macrobrachium minutum (Roux, 1917)
- Macrobrachium miyakoense Komai & Fujita, 2005
- Macrobrachium moorei (Calman, 1899)
- Macrobrachium naiyanetri Siriwut[6]
- Macrobrachium naso (Kemp, 1918)
- Macrobrachium nattereri (Heller, 1862)
- Macrobrachium natulorum Holthuis, 1984
- Macrobrachium neglectum (De Man, 1905)
- Macrobrachium nepalense Kamita, 1974
- Macrobrachium niloticum (Roux, 1833)
- Macrobrachium niphanae Shokita & Takeda, 1989[3]
- 日本沼蝦 Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan, 1849)
- Macrobrachium nobilii (Henderson & Matthai, 1910)
- Macrobrachium novaehollandiae (De Man, 1908)
- Macrobrachium oaxacae Mejía-Ortíz & López-Mejía, 2011[2]
- Macrobrachium occidentale Holthuis, 1950
- Macrobrachium oenone (De Man, 1902)
- Macrobrachium ohione (Smith, 1874)
- Macrobrachium olfersii (Wiegmann, 1836)
- Macrobrachium oxyphilus Ng, 1992
- Macrobrachium palmopilosum Siriwut[6]
- Macrobrachium panamense Rathbun, 1912
- Macrobrachium panhai Chaowvieng & Siriwut, 2024[7]
- Macrobrachium pantanalense dos Santos, Hayd & Anger, 2013[8]
- Macrobrachium patheinense Phone & Suzuki, 2004
- Macrobrachium patsa (Coutière, 1899)
- Macrobrachium pectinatum S. Pereira, 1986
- Macrobrachium peguense (Tiwari, 1952)
- 五紋沼蝦 Macrobrachium pentazona He, Gao & Guo, 2009
- Macrobrachium petersii (Hilgendorf, 1879)
- Macrobrachium petiti (Roux, 1934)
- Macrobrachium petronioi Melo, Lobão & Fernandes, 1986
- Macrobrachium phongnhaense (Tu & Cuong, 2015)
- Macrobrachium pilimanus (De Man, 1879)
- Macrobrachium pilosum Cai & Dai, 1999
- 熱帶沼蝦 Macrobrachium placidulum (De Man, 1892)
- Macrobrachium placidum (De Man, 1892)
- Macrobrachium platycheles Ou & Yeo, 1995
- Macrobrachium platyrostris (Tiwari, 1952)
- Macrobrachium poeti Holthuis, 1984
- Macrobrachium potiuna (Müller, 1880)
- Macrobrachium praecox (Roux, 1928)
- Macrobrachium puberimanus Siriwut[6]
- Macrobrachium pumilum S. Pereira, 1986
- Macrobrachium purpureamanus Wowor, 1999
- Macrobrachium quelchi (De Man, 1900)
- Macrobrachium raridens (Hilgendorf, 1893)
- Macrobrachium rathbunae Holthuis, 1950
- Macrobrachium reyesi S. Pereira, 1986
- Macrobrachium rhodochir Ng, 1995
- Macrobrachium rodriguezi S. Pereira, 1986
- Macrobrachium rogersi (Tiwari, 1952)
- 淡水長臂大蝦 Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879)，羅氏沼蝦
- Macrobrachium rostratum X. Wang, 1997
- Macrobrachium rostrolevatus Chaowvieng & Siriwut, 2024[7]
- Macrobrachium rude (Heller, 1862)
- Macrobrachium sabanus Ng, 1994
- Macrobrachium saengphani Saengphan, Panijpan, Senapin, Suksomnit & Phiwsaiya, 2020[9]
- Macrobrachium saigonense Nguyên, 2006
- Macrobrachium sankolli Jalihal & Shenoy in Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli, 1988
- Macrobrachium santanderensis Garcia-Perez & Villamizar, 2009
- Macrobrachium sbordonii Mejía-Ortíz, Baldari & López-Mejía, 2008
- 糙指沼蝦 Macrobrachium scabriculum (Heller, 1862)
- Macrobrachium scorteccii Maccagno, 1961
- 邵氏沼蝦 Macrobrachium shaoi Cai & Jeng, 2001
- Macrobrachium shokitai Fujino & Baba, 1973
- Macrobrachium sintangense (De Man, 1898)[3]
- Macrobrachium sirindhorn Naiyanetr, 2001
- Macrobrachium siwalikense (Tiwari, 1952)
- Macrobrachium sollaudii (De Man, 1912)
- Macrobrachium spelaeus Cai & Vidthayanon, 2016 [10]
- 附刺沼蝦 Macrobrachium spinipes (Schenkel, 1902)[11]，刺足沼蝦
- Macrobrachium spinosum Cai & Ng, 2001
- Macrobrachium srilankense Costa, 1979
- Macrobrachium striatum N. N. Pillai, 1991
- Macrobrachium sulcatus (Henderson & Matthai, 1910)
- Macrobrachium sulcicarpale Holthuis, 1950
- Macrobrachium sundaicum (Heller, 1862)
- Macrobrachium suongae Nguyên, 2003
- 細螯沼蝦 Macrobrachium superbum (Heller, 1862)
- Macrobrachium surinamicum Holthuis, 1948
- Macrobrachium tenellum (Smith, 1871)
- 細足沼蝦 Macrobrachium tenuipes Zhou, Chen, Zheng, Chen & Guo, 2020[12]
- Macrobrachium tenuirostrum X. Wang, 1997
- Macrobrachium thai Cai, Naiyanetr & Ng, 2004
- Macrobrachium therezieni Holthuis, 1965
- Macrobrachium thuylami Nguyên, 2006
- Macrobrachium thysi Powell, 1980
- Macrobrachium tiwarii Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli, 1988
- Macrobrachium tolmerum Riek, 1951
- Macrobrachium totonacum Mejía, Alvarez & Hartnoll, 2003
- Macrobrachium transandicum Holthuis, 1950
- Macrobrachium tratense Cai, Naiyanetr & Ng, 2004
- 毛指沼蝦 Macrobrachium trichodactylum Liang, Liu & Chen in Li, Liu, Liang & Chen, 2007
- Macrobrachium tuxtlaense Villalobos & Alvarez, 1999
- Macrobrachium unikarnatakae Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli, 1988
- Macrobrachium urayang Wowor & Short, 2007
- Macrobrachium veliense Jayachandran & Joseph, 1985
- 美麗沼蝦 Macrobrachium venustum (Parisi, 1919)
- Macrobrachium vicconi Román, Ortega & Mejía, 2000
- 越南沼蝦 Macrobrachium vietnamiense Đăng in Đăng & B. Y. Nguyên, 1972
- Macrobrachium villalobosi H. H. Hobbs Jr., 1973
- Macrobrachium villosimanus (Tiwari, 1949)
- Macrobrachium vollenhoveni (Herklots, 1857)
- Macrobrachium walvanense Almelkar, Jalihal & Sankolli, 1999
- Macrobrachium wannanense Dai & Tan, 1993
- Macrobrachium weberi (De Man, 1892)
- Macrobrachium xmas Fujita, Davie & Ng.,2015[13]
- 喻氏沼蝦 Macrobrachium yui Holthuis, 1950
- Macrobrachium zariquieyi Holthuis, 1949
參考文獻
- ^ Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868. GBIF. [2023-06-01]. （原始內容存檔於2022-10-16）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Luis M. Mejía-Ortíz & Marilú López-Mejía. Freshwater prawns of the genus Macrobrachium (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) with abbreviated development from the Papaloapan River Basin, Veracruz, Mexico: distribution and new species. Crustaceana. 2011, 84 (8): 949–973. doi:10.1163/001121611X579754.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Warut Siriwut, Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Somsak Panha, Ratmanee Chanabun, Peng Bun Ngor and Chirasak Sutcharit. 2021. Evidence of Cryptic Diversity in Freshwater Macrobrachium Prawns from Indochinese Riverine Systems revealed by DNA Barcode, Species Delimitation and Phylogenetic Approaches. PLoS ONE. 16(6): e0252546. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252546
- ^ K. Kunjulakshmi, MacLean Antony Santos and S. Prakash. 2022. Macrobrachium irwini sp. nov., A New Species of Freshwater Shrimp from Western Ghats, India (Caridea: Palaemonidae). Zootaxa. 5194(3); 416-425. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5194.3.5
- ^ Ana Luiza Vera-Silva, Fabrício L. Carvalho and Fernando Luis Mantelatto. 2017. Redescription of the Freshwater Shrimp Macrobrachium jelskii (Miers, 1877) (Caridea, Palaemonidae). Zootaxa. 4269(1); 44–60. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.1.2
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Warut Siriwut, Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Somsak Panha, Ratmanee Chanabun and Chirasak Sutcharit. 2020. Molecular Phylogeny and Species Delimitation of the Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium pilimanus Species Group, with Descriptions of Three New Species from Thailand. PeerJ. 8:e10137. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10137
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Apisara Chaowvieng, Chirasak Sutcharit, Ratmanee Chanabun, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Ekgachai Jeratthitikul and Warut Siriwut. 2024. Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Position of Macrobrachium lanchesteri (De Man, 1911), with Descriptions of Two New Species from Thailand (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae). ZooKeys. 1190: 163-193. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1190.113898
- ^ Antonina dos Santos, Liliam Hayd & Klaus Anger. A new species of Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) M. pantanalense, from the Pantanal, Brazil. Zootaxa. 2013, 3700 (4): 534–546. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3700.4.2.
- ^ Nukul Saengphan, Bhinyo Panijpan, Saengchan Senapin, Auaree Suksomnit and Kornsunee Phiwsaiya. 2020. Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of Macrobrachium saengphani sp. nov. (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from Northern Thailand. Zootaxa. 4868(4); 531–542. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4868.4.4
- ^ Yixiong Cai and Chavalit Vidthayanon. 2016. Macrobrachium spelaeus, A New Species of Stygobitic Freshwater Prawn from Thailand (Decapoda: Palaemonidae). RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY. 64: 117–122.
- ^ Shy, J.Y., Wowor, D. and Ng, P.K.L. 2013. A New Record of the Giant Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium spinipes (Schenkel, 1902) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from Taiwan, with notes on its taxonomy. Zootaxa. 3734(1): 45-55. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3734.1.5
- ^ Xiao-Ping Zhou, Qing-Hua Chen, Xiao-Zhuang Zheng, Wen-Jian Chen and Zhao-Liang Guo. 2020. Macrobrachium tenuipes, A New Stygophile Freshwater Prawn Species (Crustacea: Caridea: Palaemonidae) from A Karst Cave of Guangxi, southwestern China. Zootaxa. 4759(4); 511–529. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.4.3
- ^ Yoshihisa Fujita, Peter J. F. Davie and Peter K. L. Ng. 2015. A New Stygobitic Prawn of the Genus Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1864, from Anchialine Caves in Christmas Island, Indian Ocean; with A Rediagnosis of M. miyakoense Komai & Fujita, 2005 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae). RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY. 63: 610–625.
外部連結
- （英文）Macrobrachium