夜盜蛾屬
夜蛾科的一属昆虫
夜盜蛾屬（學名：Spodoptera，也稱灰翅夜蛾屬，是鱗翅目夜蛾科的一個屬，於1852年由法國昆蟲學家Achille Guenée發表描述。本屬物種的幼蟲有時被稱為「行軍蟲」（armyworms），共有約30種物種，其中許多為農業上的害蟲，廣泛分佈於世界各地[1][2]。
夜盜蛾屬
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| 灰翅夜蛾 Spodoptera mauritia | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 節肢動物門 Arthropoda |
| 綱： | 昆蟲綱 Insecta |
| 目： | 鱗翅目 Lepidoptera |
| 總科： | 夜蛾總科 Noctuoidea |
| 科： | 夜蛾科 Noctuidae |
| 亞科： | 劍紋夜蛾亞科 Acronyctinae |
| 屬： | 夜盜蛾屬 Spodoptera Guenée, 1852 |
| 異名 | |
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外形
本屬物種的後胸具有毛叢（tuft），領部（collar，即前胸背側的突起）沒有毛叢，腹部有些許毛叢，前肢脛節上的毛叢則相當茂密，觸角外形簡單[3]。
物種
2002年，Pogue以形態特徵為依據，進行了夜盜蛾屬最早的親緣關係研究[4]，2011年，他又以細胞色素c氧化酶亞基1的DNA序列進行本屬十種物種與若干外群的分子種系發生學分析[5]。2015年，一篇分子種系發生學研究也以細胞色素c氧化酶亞基1序列分析了夜盜蛾屬27種物種間的親緣關係，結果如下圖所示[6]：
| 夜盜蛾屬 |
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本屬包括以下物種：[7]
- Spodoptera abyssinia Guenée, 1852
- Spodoptera albula (Walker, 1857) (orth. var. S. albulum)
- Spodoptera androgea (Stoll, [1782])
- Spodoptera angulata (Gaede, 1935)
- 敞灰翅夜蛾 Spodoptera apertura (Walker, 1865)
- 圓灰翅夜蛾 Spodoptera cilium Guenée, 1852 – grasslawn armyworm
- Spodoptera compta (Walker, 1869)
- Spodoptera connexa (Wileman, 1914)
- 淡劍灰翅夜蛾 Spodoptera depravata (Butler, 1879)
- Spodoptera dolichos (Fabricius, 1794) – sweet potato armyworm
- 南方灰翅夜蛾 Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) – southern armyworm
- Spodoptera evanida Schaus, 1914
- Spodoptera excelsa Rougeot & Laporte, 1983
- Spodoptera exempta (Walker, [1857]) – African armyworm
- 甜菜夜蛾 Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, [1808]) – beet armyworm
- Spodoptera fasciculata (Berio, 1973)
- 草地貪夜蛾 Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) – fall armyworm
- Spodoptera hipparis (Druce, 1889)
- Spodoptera latifascia (Walker, 1856) – velvet armyworm
- 海灰翅夜蛾 Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval, 1833) – African cotton leafworm
- 斜紋夜蛾 Spodoptera litura (Fabricius, 1775)
- Spodoptera malagasy Viette, 1967
- Spodoptera marima (Schaus, 1904) syn. S. ornithogalli below[8]
- 禾灰翅夜蛾 Spodoptera mauritia (Boisduval, 1833) – lawn armyworm
- Spodoptera ochrea (Hampson, 1909)
- Spodoptera ornithogalli (Guenée, 1852) – yellow-striped armyworm
- 梳灰翅夜蛾 Spodoptera pecten Guenée, 1852
- Spodoptera pectinicornis (Hampson, 1895) – water-lettuce moth
- 秘魯灰翅夜蛾 Spodoptera peruviana (Walker, 1865)
- 彩灰翅夜蛾 Spodoptera picta (Guérin-Méneville, [1838])
- Spodoptera praefica (Grote, 1875) – western yellowstriped armyworm
- Spodoptera pulchella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1868) – Caribbean armyworm
- Spodoptera roseae (Schaus, 1923)
- Spodoptera semiluna (Hampson, 1909)
- Spodoptera teferii Laporte, 194
- Spodoptera triturata (Walker, [1857])
- Spodoptera umbraculata (Walker, 1858)
參考資料
- ^ Nagoshi, Rodney N.; Brambila, Julieta; Meagher, Robert L. Use of DNA Barcodes to Identify Invasive ArmywormSpodopteraSpecies in Florida. Journal of Insect Science. 2011, 11 (154): 1–11. ISSN 1536-2442. doi:10.1673/031.011.15401.
- ^ Monitoring for Exotic Spodoptera Species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Florida. Florida Entomologist. 2008. ISSN 0015-4040. doi:10.1653/0015-4040-91.4.517.
- ^ Hampson, G. F. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II. Taylor and Francis. 1894 [2019-05-16]. （原始內容存檔於2020-10-23） –透過Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ Pogue, Michael. 2002, English, Book, Illustrated edition:A world revision of the genus Spodoptera Guenée : (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society. 2002. ISBN 9992819839.
- ^ Pogue, Michael G. Using Genitalia Characters and Mitochondrial COI Sequences to Place “Leucochlaena”Hipparis(Druce) inSpodopteraGuenée (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 2011, 113 (4): 497–507. ISSN 0013-8797. doi:10.4289/0013-8797.113.4.497.
- ^ Fontaneto, Diego; Dumas, Pascaline; Barbut, Jérôme; Le Ru, Bruno; Silvain, Jean-François; Clamens, Anne-Laure; d』Alençon, Emmanuelle; Kergoat, Gael J. Phylogenetic Molecular Species Delimitations Unravel Potential New Species in the Pest Genus Spodoptera Guenée, 1852 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). PLOS ONE. 2015, 10 (4): e0122407. ISSN 1932-6203. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122407.
- ^ Spodoptera Guenee, 1852. GBIF. [2022-09-15]. （原始內容存檔於2022-08-07）.
- ^ Spodoptera ornithogalli. 歐洲和地中海植物保護組織（European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization）. 2020-09-02 [2021-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2021-05-18）.