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Severe Tropical Cyclone Marcus
五級強烈熱帶氣旋（澳洲）
五級cyclone（美國）
 
Marcus at peak intensity well off the Western Australian coast on 22 March
形成14 March 2018
消散27 March 2018
（24 March起退化成殘留低氣壓）
最高風速10分鐘持續： 230公里/小時（145英里/小時）
1分鐘持續： 260公里/小時（160英里/小時）
陣風： 325公里/小時（200英里/小時）
最低氣壓912百帕（毫巴）；26.93英寸汞柱
死亡None
損失七千五百萬(2018美元)[1]
影響地區Northern Territory, Western Australia
2017–18 Australian region cyclone season的一部分

強烈熱帶氣旋 was a very powerful tropical cyclone that struck Australia's Northern Territory and the Kimberley region of Western Australia in March 2018. It was the strongest tropical cyclone of the 2017–18 Australian region cyclone season, as well as the strongest tropical cyclone in the Australian region basin since George in 2007. It was also considered the worst cyclone to hit Darwin since Tracy in 1974.[2]

Meteorological history

 
根據薩菲爾-辛普森颶風風力等級的強度繪製的風暴路徑圖
圖例
薩菲爾-辛普森颶風風力等級
  熱帶低氣壓（≤62 km/h）
  熱帶風暴（63–118 km/h）
  一級（119–153 km/h）
  二級（154–177 km/h）
  三級（178–208 km/h）
  四級（209–251 km/h）
  五級（≥252 km/h）
  未知

On 15 March 2018, a tropical low formed in the western Arafura Sea.[3] Drifting east-southeastwards north of the Tiwi Islands, the tropical low consolidated into a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian scale early on 16 March, and was accordingly given the name Marcus.[4] In a generally favourable environment for intensification, Cyclone Marcus reached Category 2 status in the hours before it crossed the Northern Territory coastline, on 17 March.[5]

Marcus intensified markedly upon moving away from the coast. Soon, the storm started to rapidly intensify and by 21 March, Marcus reached Category 5 intensity.[6] However, after doing so, the storm began to rapidly weaken due to a combination of an eyewall replacement cycle, stronger wind shear, and cooler waters.[7] Marcus continued to rapidly weaken as it moved southward. The system soon transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on March 25. On March 27, the extratropical remnant of Marcus dissipated off the southwest coast of Australia.[來源請求]

Preparation and impact

Template:Most intense Australian cyclones

 
A large tree blocks the Stuart Highway in Darwin about three hours after the cyclone passed Darwin.
 
Fallen trees and power lines after Marcus in Parap

Before the storm, on 15 March, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology issued cyclone warnings for Darwin, the Tiwi Islands and parts of the northwest Top End.[8] Major events and flights in and out of Darwin were cancelled.[9] Approximately 26,000 homes were affected by electricity outages as a result of the destructive winds, even in areas as far south as Batchelor and Adelaide River.[10] Thousands of trees were destroyed across the Greater Darwin region including many African mahoganies planted after Cyclone Tracy for their fast growing and expansive shade qualities.[11][12]

Public schools and non-essential public service agencies were closed while the clean-up efforts continued and tree trunks removed from roads.[10] Cyclone Marcus was the most destructive storm to hit Darwin since Cyclone Tracy caused devastation on Christmas Eve of 1974.[13]

The cleanup response was coordinated by the Northern Territory Emergency Services and included soldiers from the 5th Battalion and the 1st Combat Engineer Regiment from the Australian Army. The US Marine Rotational Force – Darwin (MRF-D) also contributed to the clean up effort.[14]

Retirement

Due to the damage caused by the cyclone in Darwin and its subsequent intensification, the name Marcus was retired.[15]

See also

References

  1. ^ Global Catastrophe Recap April 2018 (PDF). thoughtleadership.aonbenfield.com. Aon Benfield. [12 May 2018]. 
  2. ^ Cyclone Marcus the worst since Tracy. NT News. 20 March 2018 [21 March 2018]. 
  3. ^ Tropical Cyclone Technical Bulletin at 1430 UTC 15/03/2018 (報告). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. [22 March 2018]. （原始內容存檔於15 March 2018）. 
  4. ^ Tropical Cyclone Technical Bulletin at 0202 UTC 16/03/2018 (報告). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. [22 March 2018]. （原始內容存檔於16 March 2018）. 
  5. ^ Media Release - Bureau of Meteorology Newsroom. media.bom.gov.au （英語）. 
  6. ^ Cyclone Marcus has hit category five and is heading for Perth, but you don't need to panic. ABC News. 21 March 2018 （澳大利亞英語）. 
  7. ^ Tropical Cyclone Marcus. Storm Science Australia. [25 May 2018]. 
  8. ^ Media Release - Bureau of Meteorology Newsroom. media.bom.gov.au （英語）. 
  9. ^ Butt, Phillippa; Dunlop, Craig. Cyclone Marcus causes NTFL Grand Final to be postponed. The Daily Telegraph. 16 March 2018 [21 March 2018]. 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 Tropical Cyclone Marcus - Update #12 | NTPFES. www.pfes.nt.gov.au. 
  11. ^ Tropical Cyclone Marcus – Clean up – Update #11 | NTPFES. www.pfes.nt.gov.au. 
  12. ^ Palin, Megan. Post-cyclone plantings now wreaking havoc. NT News. 13 January 2015 [21 March 2018]. 
  13. ^ Breen, Jacqueline; Vanovac, Neda; Wellington, Shanhi. Ants, snakes, and bone-chilling howls: Cyclone Marcus questions answered. ABC News. 21 March 2018 （澳大利亞英語）. 
  14. ^ Smith, Emily; Vanovac, Neda. Tropical Cyclone Marcus clean-up continues, residents remains without power. Australia Broadcasting Corporation. ABC News. 19 March 2018 [21 March 2018]. 
  15. ^ REVIEW OF THE 2016/2017 AND 2017/2018 CYCLONE SEASONS (PDF). World Meteorological Organization. 26 July 2018 [16 September 2018]. 
 
維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：林天蓬/氣旋馬庫斯

Template:2017–18 Australian region cyclone season buttons Template:Retired Australian region cyclones

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