鱧屬
鳢科的一属鱼类
鱧屬（學名：Channa）是鱧科下的一個屬，此屬所有魚共同的稱號為蛇頭魚、雷龍，其下有33個種。包括烏鱧、小盾鱧的很多種都很出名。其自然分佈極廣，主要在東亞、東南亞及南亞。其下的魚除去食用外，還有藥用價值，也是常見的觀賞魚。該屬的魚是食肉動物，以蛙、蛇、鳥以及齧齒類動物為食，可以呼吸空氣。
鱧屬
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| Channa micropeltes | |
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| Channa striata | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 脊索動物門 Chordata |
| 綱： | 條鰭魚綱 Actinopteri |
| 目： | 攀鱸目 Anabantiformes |
| 科： | 鱧科 Channidae |
| 屬： | 鱧屬 Channa Scopoli, 1777 |
| 模式種 | |
| Channa orientalis Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801
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| 種 | |
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見文內 | |
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| 異名 | |
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Bostrychoides Lacépède, 1801 | |
Channa這一命名並不完善，關於其的研究也不甚全面，2010年種系發生研究顯示，在東南亞可能還存在著未被描述的鱧屬魚類。[1]2011年6月，印支半島的雙線鱧（Channa diplogramma）被發現是一個獨立的本土物種，其親緣關係可能與小盾鱧（Channa micropeltes）接近，大約952萬到2176萬年前是一個種。[2][3]
種
該屬下現有33種：[4]
- 雙棲鱧 Channa amphibius (McClelland, 1845)
- 阿薩姆鱧 Channa andrao Britz, 2013[5]
- 巨鱧 Channa ara (Deraniyagala, 1945)[6]
- 烏鱧 Channa argus (Cantor, 1842)
- Channa argus argus (Cantor, 1842)
- 沃氏鱧 Channa argus warpachowskii (L. S. Berg, 1909)
- Channa aristonei Praveenraj, Thackeray, Singh, Uma, Moulitharan & Mukhim, 2020[7]
- 七星鱧 Channa asiatica (Linnaeus, 1758)，又名月鱧
- 橙斑鱧 Channa aurantimaculata Musikasinthorn, 2000
- Channa aurantipectoralis van Lalhlimpuia, Lalronunga & Lalramliana, 2016[8]
- Channa auroflammea Adamson, Britz & Lieng, 2019
- 斑卡鱧 Channa bankanensis (Bleeker, 1853)
- 巴蘭鱧 Channa baramensis (Steindachner, 1901)
- 巴卡鱧 Channa barca (Hamilton, 1822)
- Channa bipuli Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Bleher, 2018
- 布氏鱧 Channa bleheri Vierke, 1991
- Channa brahmacharyi Chakraborty, Yardi & Mukherjee, 2020
- Channa brunnea Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Kannan, 2019[9]
- 緬甸鱧 Channa burmanica Chaudhuri, 1919
- Channa coccinea Britz, Tan & Lukas, 2024[10]
- Channa cocnhayia Nguyen, Bui & Nguyen, 2015
- 鈍吻鱧 Channa cyanospilos (Bleeker, 1853)
- 紅鱧 Channa diplogramma (Day, 1865)
- Channa elliptica von Salis, 1967
- 緣鱧 Channa gachua (Hamilton, 1822)，又名寬額鱧、南鱧
- 茵列鱧 Channa harcourtbutleri (Annandale, 1918)
- 縱條鱧 Channa hoaluensis Nguyen, 2011
- Channa kelaartii [11]
- 蹩鱧 Channa limbata ，又名林氏鱧、紅尾緣鱧
- Channa lipor Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Singh, 2019[12]
- 長嘴鱧 Channa longistomata Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2012
- 帶鱧 Channa lucius (Cuvier, 1831)
- 鱧魚 Channa maculata (Lacepède, 1801)，又名斑鱧、台灣鱧魚
- 似眼鱧 Channa marulioides (Bleeker, 1851)
- 眼鱧 Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822)[6]
- 黑鰭鱧 Channa melanoptera (Bleeker, 1855)，基異名：Ophicephalus melanopterus Bleeker, 1855
- 黑斑鱧 Channa melanostigma Geetakumari & Vishwanath, 2011[13]
- 黑體鱧 Channa melasoma (Bleeker, 1851)
- 小盾鱧 Channa micropeltes (Cuvier, 1831)，又名紅線鱧、魚虎
- 寧平鱧 Channa ninhbinhensis Nguyen, 2011
- 夜鱧 Channa nox Zhang, Musikasinthorn & Watanabe, 2002
- 東方鱧 Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider, 1801
- 飾鰭鱧 Channa ornatipinnis Britz, 2008
- 帕瑙鱧 Channa panaw Musikasinthorn, 1998
- 豹紋鱧 Channa pardalis Knight, 2016[13]
- 側眼鱧 Channa pleurophthalmus (Bleeker, 1851)
- Channa pomanensis Gurumayum & Tamang, 2016[14]
- 擬眼鱧 Channa pseudomarulius (Günther, 1861)，現接受名為：眼鱧 Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822)
- 美鱧 Channa pulchra Britz, 2007
- 翠鱧 Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793)
- Channa pyrophthalmus Britz, Tan & Lukas, 2024[10]
- Channa rakhinica Britz, Tan & Lukas, 2024[10]
- Channa rara Britz, Dahanukar, Anoop & Ali, 2019[15]
- Channa royi Praveenraj & Knight[16]
- 真言鱧 Channa shingon Endruweit, 2017[17]
- 斯氏鱧 Channa stewartii (Playfair, 1867)[13]
- 顯斑鱧 Channa stiktos Lalramliana, Knight, Lalhlimpuia & Singh, 2018[18]
- 線鱧 Channa striata ，又名泰國鱧、泰國魚虎
- Channa torsaensis Dey, Nur, Raychowdhury, Sarkar, Singh & Barat, 2018[19]
- 雜交種：
參考文獻
- ^ Adamson E. A. S., Hurwood D. A., Mather P. A. (2010): A reappraisal of the evolution of Asian snakehead fishes (Pisces, Channidae) using molecular data from multiple genes and fossil calibration. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 56 (2), Pages 707–717
- ^ Benziger, A., Philip, S., Raghavan, R., Anvar Ali, P. H., Sukumaran, M., et al. (2011) Unraveling a 146 Years Old Taxonomic Puzzle: Validation of Malabar Snakehead, Species-Status and Its Relevance for Channid Systematics and Evolution. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） PLoS ONE 6(6): e21272. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0021272
- ^ Li, X., Musikasinthorn, P., Kumazawa, Y. (2006): Molecular phylogenetic analyses of snakeheads (Perciformes: Channidae) using mitochondrial DNA sequences. Ichthyological Research 53 (2) pp 148-159
- ^ Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) (2013). Species of Channa. FishBase. Version 2013-02.
- ^ RALF BRITZ. 2013. Channa andrao, A New Species of Dwarf Snakehead from West Bengal, India (Teleostei: Channidae). Zootaxa. 3731(2): 287–294. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3731.2.9
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Hiranya Sudasinghe, Eleanor A. S. Adamson, R.H. Tharindu Ranasinghe, Madhava Meegaskumbura, Chiho Ikebe and Ralf Britz. 2020. Unexpected Species Diversity within Sri Lanka’s Snakehead Fishes of the Channa marulius Group (Teleostei: Channidae). Zootaxa. 4747(1); 113–132. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.1.4
- ^ Jayasimhan Praveenraj, Tejas Thackeray, Sadokpam Gojendro Singh, Arumugam Uma, N. Moulitharan, and Bankit K. Mukhim. 2020. A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, Northeastern India. Copeia. 108(4); 938-947. DOI: 10.1643/CI2020007
- ^ Denise van Lalhlimpuia, Samuel Lalronunga and Lalramliana Lalramliana. 2016. Channa aurantipectoralis, A New Species of Snakehead from Mizoram, north-eastern India (Teleostei: Channidae). Zootaxa. 4147(3); 343. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4147.3.7
- ^ Jayasimhan Praveenraj, Arumugam Uma, Nallathambi Moulitharan and Rajesh Kannan. 2019. Channa brunnea, A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from West Bengal, India. Zootaxa. 4624(1); 59–70. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4624.1.4
- ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Ralf Britz, Tan Heok Hui and Lukas. 2024. Four New Species of Channa from Myanmar (Teleostei, Labyrinthici, Channidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 72; Pp. 1–25.
- ^ Hiranya Sudasinghe, Rohan Pethiyagoda, Madhava Meegaskumbura, Kalana Maduwage and Ralf Britz. 2020. Channa kelaartii, A Valid Species of Dwarf Snakehead from Sri Lanka and southern peninsular India (Teleostei: Channidae). Vertebrate Zoology. 70(2); 157-170. DOI: 10.26049/VZ70-2-2020-05
- ^ Jayasimhan Praveenraj, Arumugam Uma, Nallathambi Moulitharan, and Sadokpam Gojendro Singh. 2019. A New Species of Dwarf Channa (Teleostei: Channidae) from Meghalaya, Northeast India. Copeia. 107(1); 61–70. DOI: 10.1643/CI-18-079
- ^ 13.0 13.1 13.2 J.D. Marcus Knight. 2016. Channa pardalis, A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Meghalaya, northeastern India. Journal of Threatened Taxa. 8(3): 8583–8589. DOI: 10.11609/jott.2168.8.3.8583-8589
- ^ Shantabala Devi Gurumayum and Lakpa Tamang. 2016. Channa pomanensis, A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. Species. 17(57); 175-186
- ^ Ralf Britz, Neelesh Dahanukar, V.K. Anoop and Anvar Ali. 2019. Channa rara, A New Species of Snakehead Fish from the Western Ghats region of Maharashtra, India (Teleostei: Labyrinthici: Channidae). Zootaxa. 4683(4); 589–600. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4683.4.8
- ^ J. Praveenraj, J. D. M. Knight, R. Kiruba-Sankar, Beni Halalludin, J. J. A. Raymond and V. R. Thakur. 2018. Channa royi (Teleostei: Channidae): A New Species of Snakehead from Andaman Islands, India. Indian J. Fish. 65(4); 1-14. DOI: 10.21077/ijf.2018.65.4.72827-01
- ^ Marco Endruweit. 2017. Description of A New Dwarf Snakehead (Perciformes: Channidae) from western Yunnan. Vertebrate Zoology. 67(2); 173-178.
- ^ Lalramliana, John Daniel Marcus Knight, Denis Van Lalhlimpuia and Mahender Singh. 2018. Integrative Taxonomy Reveals A New Species of Snakehead Fish, Channa stiktos (Teleostei: Channidae), from Mizoram, North Eastern India. VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY. 68(2).
- ^ Arpita Dey, Ruksa Nur, Basudhara Raychowdhury, Debapriya Sarkar, Laishram Kosygin Singh and Sudip Barat. 2018. A New Ornamental Species of Snakehead Fish (Teleostei: Channidae) from River Torsa of West Bengal, India. International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience (Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. - IJPAB). 6(6); 497-503. DOI: 10.18782/2320-7051.7131