大水薙鳥
一种鸟类
白額鸌(學名:Calonectris leucomelas)為鸌形目鸌科麗鸌屬的鳥類,又名大水薙鳥、大灰鸌。該物種的模式產地在日本海。[1]
白額鸌 | |
---|---|
科學分類 | |
界: | 動物界 Animalia |
門: | 脊索動物門 Chordata |
綱: | 鳥綱 Aves |
目: | 鸌形目 Procellariiformes |
科: | 鸌科 Procellariidae |
屬: | 麗鸌屬 Calonectris |
種: | 白額鸌 C. leucomelas
|
二名法 | |
Calonectris leucomelas |
成鳥平均長度為48 cm(19英寸),翼展為122 cm(48英寸)。
描述
大水薙鳥屬於遠洋環境海鳥,主要以魚類和魷魚為食。它會跟隨漁船,被日本附近的鯷魚群吸引,已知會作為網中的副漁獲被捕獲或在長線漁具上吞食餌料時淹死。
大水薙鳥在地洞中築巢。它偏好有樹林的丘陵地區。
分佈
這種鳥類是遠洋環境的,但也在近岸水域出現。分布於日本、菲律賓、印度尼西亞以及澳大利亞北部的海域中以及中國各海區等地,多見於海濱一帶以及繁殖於海邊岩穴中。在日本和朝鮮半島築巢,主要在離岸島嶼。[2][3][4][note 1][note 2] 繁殖後,大水薙鳥向南遷徙,在新幾內亞北部、阿拉弗拉海和南中國海的海域覓食。[2] 大水薙鳥也有在美國西海岸遠處,[5]跟印度南部海岸,[6]以及來自新西蘭被發現的報告。[7]還有在懷俄明州收集到的一個標本記錄。[8]
備註
- ^ See figure 1 in Hart 2015,第56頁 for a Korean distribution map.
- ^ South Korean breeding sites include Sasu Island (사수도) and Chilbal Island (칠발도) where they are threatened by rat depredation. Lee, Kyung-gyu; Yoo, Jeong-chil. Breeding Population of Streaked Shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas) and the Effect of Norway Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Predation on Sasudo Island. Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology. 2002, 33 (2): 142–147. doi:10.3312/jyio1952.33.142 .; Nam, Ki-Baek; Lee, Kyung-Gyu; Hwang, Jae-Woong; Yoo, Jeong-Chil. Variation in Breeding Burrows of Streaked Shearwaters Breeding in Sasu Island, and Predation Rates by Norway Rats. Ocean and Polar Research. 2014, 36 (1): 49–57. doi:10.4217/OPR.2014.36.1.049 .
參考文獻
- ^ 1.0 1.1 中國科學院動物研究所. 白额鹱. 《中國動物物種編目數據庫》. 中國科學院微生物研究所. [2009-04-04]. (原始內容存檔於2016-03-05).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Yamamoto, Takashi; et al. At-sea distribution and behavior of streaked shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas) during the nonbreeding period. Auk. 2010, 127 (4): 871–881. S2CID 85046196. doi:10.1525/auk.2010.10029 .
- ^ Sugawa, Hisashi; Karino, Kiyotaka; Ohshiro, Akio; Hirai, Masashi. Long-term trends in breeding site fidelity of streaked shearwater Calonectris leucomelas (PDF). Marine Ornithology. 2014, 42: 11–15. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於6 March 2017).
- ^ Hart, Kirk A.; et al. Streaked Shearwaters Calonectris leucomelas of the Korean Peninsula: Distribution, status and potential threats. Forktail. 2015, 31: 55–63.
- ^ Herrick, Samuel F.; Hanan, Doyle A. A review of California entangling net fisheries, 1981-1986. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS SWFC-108. Southwest Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. 1988.
- ^ Praveen, J. Pelagic offshore birding from Southern India 2013. Sea Swallow. 2014, 63: 46–48.
- ^ Robertson, Christopher John Rutherford; Bell, Ben D. Seabird status and conservation in the New Zealand region. Croxall, John Patrick; et al (編). Status and Conservation of the World's Seabirds. ICBP Technical Publication no. 2. Cambridge, England: International Council for Bird Preservation. 1984: 573–586. ISBN 978-0-946888-03-0.
- ^ Howell, Steve N.G.; Patteson, J. Brian; Shearwater, Debra (2012). Petrels, Albatrosses, and Storm-Petrels of North America: A Photographic Guide. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-14211-4.
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