鼻孢子虫病

鼻孢子虫病
鼻孢子虫病
	口腔被鼻孢子虫感染的病患
病因	西氏鼻孢子虫（英语：Rhinosporidium seeberi）感染
治疗	切除病灶
分类和外部资源
医学专科	传染病学
ICD-11	1F56
ICD-9-CM	117.0
DiseasesDB	31328
eMedicine	227734
	[编辑此条目的维基数据]

鼻孢子虫病（Rhinosporidiosis）又称鼻芽孢虫病，是西氏鼻孢子虫（英语：Rhinosporidium seeberi）感染人类、其他哺乳动物与鸟类所造成的疾病^{[注 1]}。此病最早于1896年由阿根廷医师吉列尔摩·西伯（Guillermo Rodolfo Seeber）在一名病患中发现^[3]，其病原过去长期被认为属于真菌，近代分子证据才发现其属于中菌动物（动物总界基群的类群）^[4]。

鼻孢子虫病最常见于南亚、南美洲与非洲等热带地区，其中印度与斯里兰卡的感染率最高^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]，且男性感染率高于女性^[5]。感染途径可能是于池塘与湖泊中经动物的粪便感染^[4]。

西氏鼻孢子虫大多感染粘膜，造成如草莓状的息肉^[4]，其中约七成患者为鼻与鼻咽被感染，约15%则为眼睛结膜被感染，其他身体部位的感染也曾被报导。此病常为长期且无痛的感染，极少有造成全身感染而致死的案例^[5]；其治疗方法一般为切除病灶，有时事后再施以达普颂等抗生素以预防患部发生细菌感染^[1]。

注脚

^ 另一种鼻孢子虫有感染两生类的纪录^[1]^[2]。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Mayet, Huzaifah; Reddy, Denasha L.; Alvarez, Tika Bello; Atiya, Yahya; Govender, Nelesh P.; Birkhead, Monica; Maphanga, Tsidiso; Pather, Sugeshnee. Case Report of Nasal Rhinosporidiosis in South Africa. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2024-04, 30 (4). doi:10.3201/eid3004.240018.
^ Scheid, P; Balczun, C; Dehling, Jm; Ammon, A; Sinsch, U. Rhinosporidiosis in African reed frogs Hyperolius spp. caused by a new species of Rhinosporidium. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 2015-07-23, 115 (2): 111–120. doi:10.3354/dao02888.
^ Mendoza, Leonel; Vilela, Raquel. Anomalous fungal and fungal-like infections: lacaziosis, pythiosis, and rhinosporidiosis. Clinical Mycology. 2009: 403–415. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4160-5680-5.00018-9.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 Prakash, M; Johnny, JCarlton. Rhinosporidiosis and the pond. Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences. 2015, 7 (5): 59. doi:10.4103/0975-7406.155804.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Duane R Hospenthal. Rhinosporidiosis. Medscape. 2023-02-15.
^ Berrocal, Alexis; López, Alfonso. Nasal rhinosporidiosis in a mule. The Canadian Veterinary Journal. March 2007, 48 (3): 305–306. PMC 1800950  . PMID 17436910.
^ Morelli, Luca; Polce, Mario; Piscioli, Francesco; Del Nonno, Franca; Covello, Renato; Brenna, Alessia; Cione, Antonio; Licci, Stefano. Human nasal rhinosporidiosis: an Italian case report. Diagnostic Pathology. December 2006, 1 (1): 25. PMC 1560165  . PMID 16945122. doi:10.1186/1746-1596-1-25  .

[3] 另一种鼻孢子虫有感染两生类的纪录^[1]^[2]。

[Mayet-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Mayet, Huzaifah; Reddy, Denasha L.; Alvarez, Tika Bello; Atiya, Yahya; Govender, Nelesh P.; Birkhead, Monica; Maphanga, Tsidiso; Pather, Sugeshnee. Case Report of Nasal Rhinosporidiosis in South Africa. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2024-04, 30 (4). doi:10.3201/eid3004.240018.

[2] Scheid, P; Balczun, C; Dehling, Jm; Ammon, A; Sinsch, U. Rhinosporidiosis in African reed frogs Hyperolius spp. caused by a new species of Rhinosporidium. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 2015-07-23, 115 (2): 111–120. doi:10.3354/dao02888.

[4] Mendoza, Leonel; Vilela, Raquel. Anomalous fungal and fungal-like infections: lacaziosis, pythiosis, and rhinosporidiosis. Clinical Mycology. 2009: 403–415. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4160-5680-5.00018-9.

[prakash-5] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 Prakash, M; Johnny, JCarlton. Rhinosporidiosis and the pond. Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences. 2015, 7 (5): 59. doi:10.4103/0975-7406.155804.

[Medscape-6] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Duane R Hospenthal. Rhinosporidiosis. Medscape. 2023-02-15.

[berrocal-7] Berrocal, Alexis; López, Alfonso. Nasal rhinosporidiosis in a mule. The Canadian Veterinary Journal. March 2007, 48 (3): 305–306. PMC 1800950  . PMID 17436910.

[morelli-8] Morelli, Luca; Polce, Mario; Piscioli, Francesco; Del Nonno, Franca; Covello, Renato; Brenna, Alessia; Cione, Antonio; Licci, Stefano. Human nasal rhinosporidiosis: an Italian case report. Diagnostic Pathology. December 2006, 1 (1): 25. PMC 1560165  . PMID 16945122. doi:10.1186/1746-1596-1-25  .

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