髋人字石膏

髋人字石膏(英语:hip spica cast)是用于固定髋部大腿矫形石膏英语orthopedic cast,用于促进髋关节受伤或股骨骨折的愈合[1]

两种髋人字石膏的示意图

髋人字石膏覆盖身体的躯干和一至两条腿。只覆盖一条腿和脚踝或脚的髋关节石膏称为单髋关节石膏(single hip spica),而覆盖两条腿的则称为双髋人字石膏(double hip spica)。此外还有覆盖一条腿和脚踝或脚,另一条腿覆盖到膝盖上方的髋人字石膏,称为“one-and-a-half hip spica”。髋人字石膏覆盖躯干的程度在很大程度上取决于受伤程度;髋人字石膏可能仅延伸至肚脐,允许脊柱活动,并可借助拐杖行走,或在某些罕见情况下延伸至胸腔,甚至腋窝

一些髋人字石膏还有一个连接在膝盖或小腿附近的横杆,以增加额外的稳定性。髋人字石膏的前部和后部都有一个大开口,让佩戴者可以使用厕所。婴儿使用的髋人字石膏的开口大到足以将尿布塞在里面,石膏上可再穿一块尿布,使里面的尿布保持在原位。

除髋人字石膏外,钛制弹性髓内钉titanium elastic nailing,TEN)亦可用于治疗股骨骨折,据对照研究指出,相比髋人字石膏,钛制弹性髓内钉在治疗儿童股骨干骨折方面有显著的优势[2][3]

参考文献

  1. ^ Infante, Anthony F. Jr. DO; Albert, Michael C. MD; Jennings, W. Bryan; Lehner, James T. Immediate Hip Spica Casting for Femur Fractures in Pediatric Patients. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research英语Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 2000-07, 376: 106-112 [2021-11-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-20). 
  2. ^ Shemshaki, H. R.; Mousavi, H.; Salehi, G.; Eshaghi, M. A. Titanium elastic nailing versus hip spica cast in treatment of femoral-shaft fractures in children. Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. 2011-02-22, 12 (1): 45–48 [2021-11-20]. doi:10.1007/s10195-011-0128-0. (原始内容存档于2021-11-20). 
  3. ^ Saseendar, S.; Menon, J.; Patro, D. K. Treatment of femoral fractures in children: is titanium elastic nailing an improvement over hip spica casting?. Journal of children's orthopaedics. 2010, 4 (3) [2021-11-20]. doi:10.1007/s11832-010-0252-z.