谚文音节

谚文音节是一个位于基本多文种平面的Unicode区块,包含了现代标准语中使用的预组谚文音节。这些音节可以通过算法直接映射到谚文字母区块中的两个或三个字符的序列:

  • 位于U+1100..U+1112的字符:19个现代谚文的初声辅音字母;
  • 位于U+1161..U+1175的字符:21个现代谚文的元音字母;
  • 无,或位于U+11A8..U+11C2的字符:27个现代谚文的终声辅音字母。
谚文音节
Hangul Syllables
范围U+AC00..U+D7AF
(11,184个码位)
平面基本多文种平面BMP
文字谚文
应用朝鲜语
已分配11,172个码位
未分配12个保留码位
来源标准KS X 1001
统一码版本历史
2.011,172 (+11,172)
码表
点击此处
注释[1][2]
在1.1版本中,6656个字符编码于U+3400U+4DFF。但他们在2.0版本时被移至现在的码位,并额外增加了4516个字符。

本区块是根据2个或3个谚文字母(上述每个谚文字母子范围中的一个)组成的每一个音节的规范顺序编码的。

区块

谚文音节
Hangul Syllables[1][2]
Unicode Consortium 官方码表 (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+AC0x
U+AC1x
U+AC2x
U+AC3x 갿
U+AC4x
U+AC5x
U+AC6x
U+AC7x 걿
U+AC8x
U+AC9x
U+ACAx
U+ACBx 겿
U+ACCx
U+ACDx
U+ACEx
U+ACFx 곿
U+AD0x
U+AD1x
U+AD2x
U+AD3x 괿
U+AD4x
U+AD5x
U+AD6x
U+AD7x 굿
U+AD8x
U+AD9x
U+ADAx
U+ADBx 궿
U+ADCx
U+ADDx
U+ADEx
U+ADFx 귿
U+AE0x
U+AE1x
U+AE2x
U+AE3x 긿
U+AE4x
U+AE5x
U+AE6x
U+AE7x 깿
U+AE8x
U+AE9x
U+AEAx
U+AEBx 꺿
U+AECx
U+AEDx
U+AEEx
U+AEFx 껿
U+AF0x
U+AF1x
U+AF2x
U+AF3x 꼿
U+AF4x
U+AF5x
U+AF6x
U+AF7x 꽿
U+AF8x
U+AF9x
U+AFAx
U+AFBx 꾿
U+AFCx
U+AFDx
U+AFEx
U+AFFx 꿿
U+B00x 뀀
U+B01x
U+B02x
U+B03x
U+B04x
U+B05x
U+B06x
U+B07x
U+B08x
U+B09x
U+B0Ax
U+B0Bx
U+B0Cx
U+B0Dx
U+B0Ex
U+B0Fx
U+B10x
U+B11x
U+B12x
U+B13x
U+B14x
U+B15x
U+B16x
U+B17x
U+B18x
U+B19x
U+B1Ax
U+B1Bx
U+B1Cx
U+B1Dx
U+B1Ex
U+B1Fx
U+B20x
U+B21x
U+B22x
U+B23x
U+B24x
U+B25x
U+B26x
U+B27x
U+B28x
U+B29x
U+B2Ax
U+B2Bx
U+B2Cx
U+B2Dx
U+B2Ex
U+B2Fx
U+B30x
U+B31x
U+B32x
U+B33x
U+B34x
U+B35x
U+B36x
U+B37x
U+B38x
U+B39x
U+B3Ax
U+B3Bx
U+B3Cx
U+B3Dx
U+B3Ex
U+B3Fx
U+B40x
U+B41x
U+B42x
U+B43x
U+B44x
U+B45x
U+B46x
U+B47x
U+B48x
U+B49x
U+B4Ax
U+B4Bx
U+B4Cx
U+B4Dx
U+B4Ex
U+B4Fx
U+B50x
U+B51x
U+B52x
U+B53x
U+B54x
U+B55x
U+B56x
U+B57x
U+B58x
U+B59x
U+B5Ax
U+B5Bx
U+B5Cx
U+B5Dx
U+B5Ex
U+B5Fx
U+B60x
U+B61x
U+B62x
U+B63x
U+B64x
U+B65x
U+B66x
U+B67x
U+B68x
U+B69x
U+B6Ax
U+B6Bx
U+B6Cx
U+B6Dx
U+B6Ex
U+B6Fx
U+B70x
U+B71x
U+B72x
U+B73x
U+B74x
U+B75x
U+B76x
U+B77x
U+B78x
U+B79x
U+B7Ax
U+B7Bx
U+B7Cx
U+B7Dx
U+B7Ex
U+B7Fx
U+B80x
U+B81x
U+B82x
U+B83x
U+B84x
U+B85x
U+B86x
U+B87x
U+B88x
U+B89x
U+B8Ax
U+B8Bx
U+B8Cx
U+B8Dx
U+B8Ex
U+B8Fx
U+B90x
U+B91x
U+B92x
U+B93x 뤿
U+B94x
U+B95x
U+B96x
U+B97x 륿
U+B98x
U+B99x
U+B9Ax
U+B9Bx 릿
U+B9Cx
U+B9Dx
U+B9Ex
U+B9Fx 맿
U+BA0x
U+BA1x
U+BA2x
U+BA3x 먿
U+BA4x
U+BA5x
U+BA6x
U+BA7x 멿
U+BA8x
U+BA9x
U+BAAx
U+BABx 몿
U+BACx
U+BADx
U+BAEx
U+BAFx 뫿
U+BB0x
U+BB1x
U+BB2x
U+BB3x 묿
U+BB4x
U+BB5x
U+BB6x
U+BB7x 뭿
U+BB8x
U+BB9x
U+BBAx
U+BBBx 뮿
U+BBCx
U+BBDx
U+BBEx
U+BBFx 믿
U+BC0x
U+BC1x
U+BC2x
U+BC3x 밿
U+BC4x
U+BC5x
U+BC6x
U+BC7x 뱿
U+BC8x
U+BC9x
U+BCAx
U+BCBx 벿
U+BCCx
U+BCDx
U+BCEx
U+BCFx 볿
U+BD0x
U+BD1x
U+BD2x
U+BD3x 봿
U+BD4x
U+BD5x
U+BD6x
U+BD7x 뵿
U+BD8x
U+BD9x
U+BDAx
U+BDBx 붿
U+BDCx
U+BDDx
U+BDEx
U+BDFx 뷿
U+BE0x
U+BE1x
U+BE2x
U+BE3x 븿
U+BE4x
U+BE5x
U+BE6x
U+BE7x 빿
U+BE8x
U+BE9x
U+BEAx
U+BEBx 뺿
U+BECx
U+BEDx
U+BEEx
U+BEFx 뻿
U+BF0x
U+BF1x
U+BF2x
U+BF3x 뼿
U+BF4x
U+BF5x
U+BF6x
U+BF7x 뽿
U+BF8x
U+BF9x
U+BFAx
U+BFBx 뾿
U+BFCx
U+BFDx
U+BFEx
U+BFFx 뿿
U+C00x 쀀
U+C01x
U+C02x
U+C03x
U+C04x
U+C05x
U+C06x
U+C07x
U+C08x
U+C09x
U+C0Ax
U+C0Bx
U+C0Cx
U+C0Dx
U+C0Ex
U+C0Fx
U+C10x
U+C11x
U+C12x
U+C13x
U+C14x
U+C15x
U+C16x
U+C17x
U+C18x
U+C19x
U+C1Ax
U+C1Bx
U+C1Cx
U+C1Dx
U+C1Ex
U+C1Fx
U+C20x
U+C21x
U+C22x
U+C23x
U+C24x
U+C25x
U+C26x
U+C27x
U+C28x
U+C29x
U+C2Ax
U+C2Bx
U+C2Cx
U+C2Dx
U+C2Ex
U+C2Fx
U+C30x
U+C31x
U+C32x
U+C33x
U+C34x
U+C35x
U+C36x
U+C37x
U+C38x
U+C39x
U+C3Ax
U+C3Bx
U+C3Cx
U+C3Dx
U+C3Ex
U+C3Fx
U+C40x
U+C41x
U+C42x
U+C43x
U+C44x
U+C45x
U+C46x
U+C47x
U+C48x
U+C49x
U+C4Ax
U+C4Bx
U+C4Cx
U+C4Dx
U+C4Ex
U+C4Fx
U+C50x
U+C51x
U+C52x
U+C53x
U+C54x
U+C55x
U+C56x
U+C57x
U+C58x
U+C59x
U+C5Ax
U+C5Bx
U+C5Cx
U+C5Dx
U+C5Ex
U+C5Fx
U+C60x
U+C61x
U+C62x
U+C63x
U+C64x
U+C65x
U+C66x
U+C67x
U+C68x
U+C69x
U+C6Ax
U+C6Bx
U+C6Cx
U+C6Dx
U+C6Ex
U+C6Fx
U+C70x
U+C71x
U+C72x
U+C73x
U+C74x
U+C75x
U+C76x
U+C77x
U+C78x
U+C79x
U+C7Ax
U+C7Bx
U+C7Cx
U+C7Dx
U+C7Ex
U+C7Fx
U+C80x
U+C81x
U+C82x
U+C83x
U+C84x
U+C85x
U+C86x
U+C87x
U+C88x
U+C89x
U+C8Ax
U+C8Bx
U+C8Cx
U+C8Dx
U+C8Ex
U+C8Fx
U+C90x
U+C91x
U+C92x
U+C93x 줿
U+C94x
U+C95x
U+C96x
U+C97x 쥿
U+C98x
U+C99x
U+C9Ax
U+C9Bx 즿
U+C9Cx
U+C9Dx
U+C9Ex
U+C9Fx 짿
U+CA0x
U+CA1x
U+CA2x
U+CA3x 쨿
U+CA4x
U+CA5x
U+CA6x
U+CA7x 쩿
U+CA8x
U+CA9x
U+CAAx
U+CABx 쪿
U+CACx
U+CADx
U+CAEx
U+CAFx 쫿
U+CB0x
U+CB1x
U+CB2x
U+CB3x 쬿
U+CB4x
U+CB5x
U+CB6x
U+CB7x 쭿
U+CB8x
U+CB9x
U+CBAx
U+CBBx 쮿
U+CBCx
U+CBDx
U+CBEx
U+CBFx 쯿
U+CC0x
U+CC1x
U+CC2x
U+CC3x 찿
U+CC4x
U+CC5x
U+CC6x
U+CC7x 챿
U+CC8x
U+CC9x
U+CCAx
U+CCBx 첿
U+CCCx
U+CCDx
U+CCEx
U+CCFx 쳿
U+CD0x
U+CD1x
U+CD2x
U+CD3x 촿
U+CD4x
U+CD5x
U+CD6x
U+CD7x 쵿
U+CD8x
U+CD9x
U+CDAx
U+CDBx 춿
U+CDCx
U+CDDx
U+CDEx
U+CDFx 췿
U+CE0x
U+CE1x
U+CE2x
U+CE3x 츿
U+CE4x
U+CE5x
U+CE6x
U+CE7x 칿
U+CE8x
U+CE9x
U+CEAx
U+CEBx 캿
U+CECx
U+CEDx
U+CEEx
U+CEFx 컿
U+CF0x
U+CF1x
U+CF2x
U+CF3x 켿
U+CF4x
U+CF5x
U+CF6x
U+CF7x 콿
U+CF8x
U+CF9x
U+CFAx
U+CFBx 쾿
U+CFCx
U+CFDx
U+CFEx
U+CFFx 쿿
U+D00x 퀀
U+D01x
U+D02x
U+D03x
U+D04x
U+D05x
U+D06x
U+D07x
U+D08x
U+D09x
U+D0Ax
U+D0Bx
U+D0Cx
U+D0Dx
U+D0Ex
U+D0Fx
U+D10x
U+D11x
U+D12x
U+D13x
U+D14x
U+D15x
U+D16x
U+D17x
U+D18x
U+D19x
U+D1Ax
U+D1Bx
U+D1Cx
U+D1Dx
U+D1Ex
U+D1Fx
U+D20x
U+D21x
U+D22x
U+D23x
U+D24x
U+D25x
U+D26x
U+D27x
U+D28x
U+D29x
U+D2Ax
U+D2Bx
U+D2Cx
U+D2Dx
U+D2Ex
U+D2Fx
U+D30x
U+D31x
U+D32x
U+D33x
U+D34x
U+D35x
U+D36x
U+D37x
U+D38x
U+D39x
U+D3Ax
U+D3Bx
U+D3Cx
U+D3Dx
U+D3Ex
U+D3Fx
U+D40x
U+D41x
U+D42x
U+D43x
U+D44x
U+D45x
U+D46x
U+D47x
U+D48x
U+D49x
U+D4Ax
U+D4Bx
U+D4Cx
U+D4Dx
U+D4Ex
U+D4Fx
U+D50x
U+D51x
U+D52x
U+D53x
U+D54x
U+D55x
U+D56x
U+D57x
U+D58x
U+D59x
U+D5Ax
U+D5Bx
U+D5Cx
U+D5Dx
U+D5Ex
U+D5Fx
U+D60x
U+D61x
U+D62x
U+D63x
U+D64x
U+D65x
U+D66x
U+D67x
U+D68x
U+D69x
U+D6Ax
U+D6Bx
U+D6Cx
U+D6Dx
U+D6Ex
U+D6Fx
U+D70x
U+D71x
U+D72x
U+D73x
U+D74x
U+D75x
U+D76x
U+D77x
U+D78x
U+D79x
U+D7Ax
注释
1.^ 依据 Unicode 14.0
2.^ 灰色区域表示未分配的码位

历史

码位的移动使在Unicode中编码谚文音节一事变得复杂了起来:

  • 版本1.0.0时,在U+3400..U+3D2D编码了2350个来自KS C 5601-1987的现代谚文音节。而码位U+3400..U+3D2D现在是中日韩统一表意文字扩展区A的一部分。
  • 版本1.1时,在U+3D2E..U+44B7编码了额外1930个来自KS C 5657-1991的现代谚文音节,在U+44B8..U+44BD编码了6个来自GB 12052-89的现代谚文音节,在U+44BE..U+4DFF编码了2370个不在以上标准的的现代谚文音节。这些字符的码位范围涵盖了中日韩统一表意文字扩展区A的剩馀部分及易经六爻符号的全部。
    • 另外,版本1.1尚有3处错误:[3]
      • U+384E:삤在Unicode字符数据库中,但삣在ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993码表和源标准的映射中。
      • U+40BC:삣在Unicode字符数据库中,但삤在ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993码表和源标准的映射中。
      • U+436C:콫在Unicode字符数据库中,但콪在ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993码表和源标准的映射中。
  • 版本2.0增加了KS C 5601-1992中剩馀的4516个可能的音节,并将所有已编码的音节重新排列[4][5]到目前的码位范围U+AC00..U+D7AF内,这样就可以通过算法将谚文音节分解为单个的谚文字母。

RFC 2279解释说,这一重大的不兼容变化是在假设不存在使用Unicode的谚文数据或软件的情况下做出的:

“允许这种不兼容变化的官方理由是,不存在包含谚文的应用和数据,这种说法很可能是真的,但仍然无法证实。 这一事件被称为‘Korean mess’,相关委员会已承诺永远不会再做出这种不兼容的变化。” — RFC 2279
"The official justification for allowing such an incompatible change was that no implementations and no data containing Hangul existed, a statement that is likely to be true but remains unprovable. The incident has been dubbed the 'Korean mess', and the relevant committees have pledged to never, ever again make such an incompatible change." — RFC 2279

随后,Unicode采用了一项编码稳定性政策,即“一旦一个字符被编码,它将不会被移动或删除”。[6]

以下Unicode文档记录了定义本区块中特定字符的目的与过程:

版本 最终码位[a] 码位数 UTC ID L2英语International Committee for Information Technology Standards ID WG2英语ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 ID 文档
2.0 U+AC00..D7A3 11,172 N767页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 Ksar, Mike, Unconfirmed minutes WG2-Paris meeting of October 1991, 1991-11-25 
X3L2/93-078 N848 Modified Korean Position, 1992-07-02 
UTC/1994-xxx Discussion on Korean Hangul Proposal, Unicode Technical Committee Meeting #62: Discussion of Korean Hangul Proposal, 1994-09-30 
X3L2/95-031 N1158 Korean National Position for adding Hangul characters, 1995-03-08 
N1170 Canadian Position on Korean Proposal in N 1158 for adding Hangul characters, 1995-03-10 
UTC/1995-021B Aliprand, Joan, Closed Caucus Minutes, UTC #64, 1995-03-10 
N1198 Working Draft for a pDAM to 10646 on Korean Hangul, 1995-04-05 
X3L2/95-053.1 N1199 Background on Korean Coding, 1995-04-30 
N1203页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike, 6.4.1, Unconfirmed minutes of SC2/WG2 Meeting 27, Geneva, 1995-05-03 
X3L2/95-053 N1209 PDAM no. 5 to ISO/IEC 10646-1: Hangul Character Collections, 1995-05-09 
UTC/1995-xxx Discussion on Korean, Unicode Technical Committee Meeting #65, Minutes, 1995-06-02 
X3L2/95-090 N1253 (doc, txt页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)) Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike, 6.3, Unconfirmed Minutes of WG 2 Meeting # 28 in Helsinki, Finland; 1995-06-26--27, 1995-09-09 
N1285 Hangul Syllable Character Name Generation Algorithm, 1995-11-08 
N1303 (html, doc页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)) Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike, 7. Disposition of comments on pDAM-5 - Korean Hangul, Minutes of Meeting 29, Tokyo, 1996-01-26 
N1331 Paterson, Bruce, DAM 5 (Korean Hangul) Submittal to JTC1, 1996-03-14 
N1332 Paterson, Bruce, BMP Revised Layout (DAM 5 diagram attachment), 1996-03-14 
N1391 Paterson, Bruce, Hangul syllable name algorithm, simplified, 1996-05-18 
N1353页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike, 6.1, Draft minutes of WG2 Copenhagen Meeting # 30, 1996-06-25 
N1537 Table of Replies and Feedback on Amendment 5 – Hangul, 1997-01-29 
L2/97-125 N1561 Paterson, Bruce, Draft Report on JTC1 letter ballot on DAM No. 5 to ISO/IEC 10646-1 (Hangul), 1997-05-27 
N1570 Paterson, Bruce, Almost Final Text (pages 2-5 and 182 only) of DAM 5 – Hangul, 1997-06-23 
L2/97-288 N1603页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 Umamaheswaran, V. S., 5.3.1, Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting # 33, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 20 June – 4 July 1997, 1997-10-24 
N1806 (pdf, doc页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)) Kim, Kyongsok; Paterson, Bruce, Defect Report on AMD 5 - Hangul Syllables with Editor's response, 1998-07-08 
L2/99-022 N1942页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 Paterson, Bruce, Hangul syllable name rules, proposed for ISO/IEC 10646 2nd Edition, 1998-12-08 
L2/99-010 N1903 (pdf, html页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), doc页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)) Umamaheswaran, V. S., 11.1, Minutes of WG 2 meeting 35, London, U.K.; 1998-09-21--25, 1998-12-30 
L2/99-114 N2018页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 Paterson, Bruce, Draft Technical Technical Corrigendum No. 3 to ISO/IEC 10646-1: 1993, 1999-03-31 
L2/99-232 N2003页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 Umamaheswaran, V. S., 7.1.2 Hangul syllable name rules, Minutes of WG 2 meeting 36, Fukuoka, Japan, 1999-03-09--15, 1999-08-03 
L2/99-297 N2119页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 Disposition of Comments Report on SC 2 N 3306, Draft Technical Corrigendum No. 3 to ISO/IEC 10646-1: 1993, 1999-09-20 
L2/99-298 N2120页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 Paterson, Bruce, Final Text for Technical Corrigendum No. 3 to ISO/IEC 10646-1: 1993, 1999-09-21 
L2/03-100 Edberg, Peter, Hangul Mapping Errors, 2002-11-05 
L2/02-463 N2564页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆 Kim, Kyongsok, 3-way cross-reference tables - KS X 1001, KPS 9566, and UCS, 2002-11-30 
L2/04-392 West, Andrew, Unicode 1 Hangul Mapping Errors, 2004-10-21 
L2/04-361 Moore, Lisa, Properties - Unicode 1 Hangul Mapping Errors, UTC #101 Minutes, 2004-11-23 
L2/17-080 Chung, Jaemin, Informative document about three pre-Unicode-2.0 modern hangul syllables, 2017-03-29 
  1. ^ 建议的码位和字符名称可能与最终的结果不同。

另见

参考资料

  1. ^ Unicode character database. The Unicode Standard. [2016-07-09]. (原始内容存档于2017-09-25). 
  2. ^ Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard. The Unicode Standard. [2016-07-09]. (原始内容存档于2016-06-29). 
  3. ^ Chung, Jaemin. Informative document about three pre-Unicode-2.0 modern hangul syllables (PDF). 2017-03-29 [2022-05-31]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2022-04-20). 
  4. ^ Chang, K. D.; Choi, In Sook; Kim, Jung Ho. Korean Hangul Encoding Conversion Table. 1995-10-04 [2022-05-31]. (原始内容存档于2022-04-20). 
  5. ^ Notes and corrections for HANGUL.TXT. 2005-10-13 [2022-05-31]. (原始内容存档于2021-10-06). 
  6. ^ Unicode Character Encoding Stability Policies. Unicode Consortium. 2016-11-14 [2022-05-31]. (原始内容存档于2022-07-14).