子句(clause)又稱從句分句,在文法中是構成一個完整句子的最小文法單位[1]主從複句里的一種子句。典型的子句通常包含主語謂語這兩個成分[2],其中謂語一般是主謂短語,由動詞賓語等其他修飾成分構成。然而,主語時常被省掉(尤其是在無主語語句英語null-subject language中),但有時也會在英語等其他語言中出現(如祈使句)。

腳註

  1. ^ For this basic definition in terms of a proposition, see Kroeger (2005:32).
  2. ^ For a definition of the clause that emphasizes the subject-predicate relationship, see Radford (2004327f.).

參考資料

  • Crystal, David (1997). A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics. fourth edition. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Kroeger, Paul R. (2005). Analysing Grammar: An Introduction. Cambridge. UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Timothy Osborne; Thomas Gross. Constructions are catenae: Construction Grammar meets Dependency Grammar. Cognitive Linguistics. 2012, 23 (1): 163–214. doi:10.1515/cog-2012-0006. 
  • Radford, Andrew (2004). English syntax: An introduction. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.