油苗(英语:petroleum seep) 是指液态或气态碳氢化合物逃逸到地球大气和地表的地方,油苗通常在石油圈闭构造之上[1]。碳氢化合物可能沿着地层逸出,或通过岩石中的裂缝,或直接从含油岩石的露头中逸出[2]

石油逸出有两种原因。由于构造运动破坏石油储层上方的盖层,导致油气因浮力向地表迁移。或因增加埋深,导致石油储层和盖层超压,故而破坏盖层的密封性 [3]

参考文献

  1. ^ Gluyas, J; Swarbrick, R (2004). Petroleum Geoscience. Blackwell Publishing. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-632-03767-4.
  2. ^ Scientists Find That Tons Of Oil Seep Into The Gulf Of Mexico Each Year". ScienceDaily. January 27, 2000. Retrieved April 3, 2015
  3. ^ Peter J. Ortoleva (1994). "Basin compartments and seals". AAPG Memoir. AAPG. 61: 34. ISBN 9780891813408. Retrieved 15 March 2012