蚓激酶(Lumbrokinase)是一種纖溶酶[1][註 1],大小介於25-32kDa之間[2],可以多種途徑促進纖維蛋白的溶解,除了具有纖溶酶活性外,還可作為纖維蛋白溶酶原激活物以刺激纖溶酶的生成,又可促進組織間其他纖維蛋白溶酶原激活物的活性[3]。蚓激酶最早於1991年在正蚓屬英語Lumbricus蚯蚓Lumbricus bimastus體內發現[2][4],亦存在於赤子愛勝蚓粉正蚓英語Lumbricus rubellus與等多種蚯蚓體腔消化道內,這種纖溶酶結構穩定,且在人體中可被小腸吸收,因而有作為抗血栓英語antithrombotic藥物的潛力[5],且不同於鏈激酶等其他種專一性較低的抗血栓藥物,蚓激酶對纖維蛋白的專一性很高,只有纖維蛋白存在時才具有酵素活性,而較無造成纖溶亢進英語hyperfibrinolysis導致大出血英語hemorrhage之虞[2][6]。蚓激酶已在臨床上被用於治療中風與其他心血管疾病[2]

註釋

  1. ^ 一種促進纖維蛋白凝塊分解的蛋白質,能產生纖溶作用英語fibrinolytic

參考資料

  1. ^ Hu, R. Codon optimization, expression, and characterization of recombinant lumbrokinase in goat milk. Protein Expression and Purification. 2004, 37 (1): 83–8. PMID 15294284. doi:10.1016/j.pep.2004.05.018. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Wang YH, Chen KM, Chiu PS, Lai SC, Su HH, Jan MS, Lin CW, Lu DY, Fu YT, Liao JM, Chang JT, Huang SS. Lumbrokinase attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting TLR4 signaling. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology. 2016, 99: 113-122. doi:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.08.004. 
  3. ^ GangQiang Li, Kevin Yueju Wang, DaHui Li, Nan Wang, DeHu Liu. Cloning, Expression and Characterization of a Gene from Earthworm Eisenia fetida Encoding a Blood-Clot Dissolving Protein. PLoS One: e53110. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053110. 
  4. ^ Hisashi MIHARA, Hiroyuki SUMI, Tomoyuki YONETA, Hideaki MIZUMOTO, Ryuzo IKEDA, Masao SEIKI, Masugi MARUYAMA. A Novel Fibrinolytic Enzyme Extracted from the Earthworm, Lumbricus rubellus. The Japanese Journal of Physiology: 461-472. doi:10.2170/jjphysiol.41.461. 
  5. ^ Ge, T.; Sun, Z.; Fu, S.; Liang, G. Cloning of thrombolytic enzyme (lumbrokinase) from earthworm and its expression in the yeast. Protein Expression and Purification. 2005, 42 (1): 20–8. PMID 15927482. doi:10.1016/j.pep.2005.04.005. 
  6. ^ Edwin L.Cooper, M.Balamurugan. Unearthing a source of medicinal molecules. Drug Discovery Today. 2010, 15 (21-22): 966-972. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2010.09.004.