嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒
嚴重急性呼吸窘迫綜合症相關病毒（英語：Severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus），簡稱SARS相關冠狀病毒（SARSr-CoV），是冠狀病毒科乙型冠狀病毒屬的一個種。[2]該種病毒現有2個可傳染人的分型[3]。
嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒
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病毒分類 
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| （未分級）： | 病毒 Virus |
| 域： | 核糖病毒域 Riboviria |
| 界： | 正核糖病毒界 Orthornavirae |
| 門： | 小核糖病毒門 Pisuviricota |
| 綱： | 小南嵌套病毒綱 Pisoniviricetes |
| 目： | 套式病毒目 Nidovirales |
| 科： | 冠狀病毒科 Coronaviridae |
| 屬： | 乙型冠狀病毒屬 Betacoronavirus |
| 亞屬： | SARS乙型冠狀病毒亞屬 Sarbecovirus |
| 種： | 嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒 Severe acute respiratory
syndrome-related coronavirus |
| 病毒株 | |
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| 「SARS-CoV」的各地常用譯名 | |
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| 中國大陸 | 嚴重急性呼吸窘迫綜合徵相關病毒[1] |
| 臺灣 | 嚴重急性呼吸道症候群相關冠狀病毒 |
| 港澳 | 嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒 |
分型
- 第一個分型稱為嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症冠狀病毒1型（英語：Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1，簡稱SARS-CoV-1）[3]，發現於2003年，引發了嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症的疫情，有可能是通過菊頭蝠傳播到人類的[4]。
- 第二個分型稱為嚴重急性呼吸綜合症冠狀病毒2型（英語：Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2，簡稱SARS-CoV-2），發現於2019年，引發了2019冠狀病毒病的疫情[3]，有研究認為，該病毒類型可能是通過馬來穿山甲傳播給人類的[5][6]。截至2021年6月，病毒溯源工作仍在進行[7]。統計至2021年2月4日為止，病例數約為SARS-CoV的12800倍，病逝人數約為2900倍。
- 關係圖
| 嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒 SARSr-CoV | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症冠狀病毒1型 SARS-CoV-1 | 嚴重急性呼吸綜合症冠狀病毒2型 SARS-CoV-2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
演化樹
截至2021年1月[update]，SARS-CoV與相關病毒株的系統發生樹：
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SARS-CoV-2 79 % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
蝙蝠病毒
果子狸病毒
人類病毒
SARS-CoV-2與相關病毒株的系統發生樹[15][16] :
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SARS-CoV 79% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
蝙蝠病毒
穿山甲病毒
人類病毒
參考文獻
引用
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- ^ Murakami, Shin; Kitamura, Tomoya; Suzuki, Jin; Sato, Ryouta; Aoi, Toshiki; Fujii, Marina; Matsugo, Hiromichi; Kamiki, Haruhiko; Ishida, Hiroho; Takenaka-Uema, Akiko; Shimojima, Masayuki; Horimoto, Taisuke. Detection and Characterization of Bat Sarbecovirus Phylogenetically Related to SARS-CoV-2, Japan. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2020, 26 (12): 3025–3029. ISSN 1080-6040. doi:10.3201/eid2612.203386.
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外部連結
- WHO press release identifying and naming the SARS virus（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
- The SARS virus genetic map
- Science special on the SARS virus（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (free content: no registration required)
- McGill University SARS Resources. [2015-06-15]. （原始內容存檔於2005-03-01）.
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) SARS home
- World Health Organization on alert（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
- SARS coronavirus. NCBI Taxonomy Browser. [2020-02-14]. 227859. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-14）.
- Survival of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
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