莫蒂默·傑爾姆·阿德勒

美国哲学家、教育家(1902-2001)

莫蒂默·傑爾姆·阿德勒(英語:Mortimer Jerome Adler,1902年12月28日—2001年6月28日)是一名美國哲學家

莫蒂默·J·阿德勒
莫蒂默·J·阿德勒
出生(1902-12-28)1902年12月28日
 美國紐約
逝世2001年6月28日(2001歲—06—28)(98歲)
 美國帕羅奧圖 (加利福尼亞州)
時代20世紀哲學
地區西方哲學
學派亞里士多德學者托馬斯主義學者、哲學
主要領域
哲理神學形而上學倫理學

生平

阿德勒於1902年12月28日出生在美國紐約市的一個猶太移民家庭。14歲從中學輟學後,成為紐約太陽報的送稿人員,他當時立志想要成為一名記者[1]。不久,阿德勒開始在夜間學習寫作課程,從中他發現以下作者堪稱英雄:柏拉圖亞里斯多德托馬斯·阿奎那約翰·洛克約翰·斯圖爾特·密爾等等[2]。之後,他進入哥倫比亞大學繼續學習,同時還向學生文藝雜誌投稿。儘管由於沒能通過必修的游泳測驗,而沒能獲得學士學位(1983年,哥倫比亞大學授予了他一個榮譽學位以作為補償),阿德勒還是留在了大學,最終得到了一個講師的位置,並獲得了心理學博士學位[3]

1930年,阿德勒前往芝加哥大學,並由之前認識的朋友、新任校長羅伯特·梅納德·哈欽斯安排為芝加哥大學法學院的法律哲學教授。然而他受到了芝加哥的一些哲學家的質疑,這些人對他「能否勝任哲學教授這個職責懷有重大疑問」,並且抵制阿德勒成為該大學哲學系的一分子。而同時,阿德勒也是該學校法學院有史以來第一個非律師出身的教師。

西方世界偉大名著項目的發起人。


1980年,梅耶輕鬆地問阿德勒,如果他去一個荒島,準備帶哪些書,阿德勒回答說是以下11本:


名言

著作

  • Dialectic (1927)
  • The Nature of Judicial Proof: An Inquiry into the Logical, Legal, and Empirical Aspects of the Law of Evidence (1931, with Jerome Michael)
  • Diagrammatics (1932, with Maude Phelps Hutchins)
  • Crime, Law and Social Science (1933, with Jerome Michael)
  • Art and Prudence: A Study in Practical Philosophy (1937)
  • What Man Has Made of Man: A Study of the Consequences of Platonism and Positivism in Psychology (1937)
  • 哲學與科學 of Man: A Collection of Texts as a Foundation for Ethics and Politics (1940)
  • 如何閱讀一本書(How to Read a Book) (1940)(中文版 ISBN 9789570517989)
  • A Dialectic of Morals: Towards the Foundations of Political Philosophy (1941)
  • How to Think About War and Peace (1944)
  • 教育革命 (1944, with Milton Mayer)
  • The Capitalist Manifesto (1958, with Louis O. Kelso) ISBN 0837182107
  • The Idea of Freedom: A Dialectical Examination of the Conceptions of Freedom (1958)
  • The New Capitalists: A Proposal to Free Economic Growth from the Slavery of Savings (1961, with Louis O. Kelso)
  • The Idea of Freedom: A Dialectical Examination of the Controversies about Freedom (1961)
  • Great Ideas from the Great Books (1961)
  • 哲學的條件: Its Checkered Past, Its Present Disorder, and Its Future Promise (1965)
  • The Difference of Man and the Difference It Makes (1967)
  • The Time of Our Lives: The Ethics of Common Sense (1970)
  • The Common Sense of Politics (1971)
  • The American Testament (1975, with William Gorman)
  • Some Questions About Language: A Theory of Human Discourse and Its Objects (1976)
  • Philosopher at Large: An Intellectual Autobiography (1977)
  • Reforming Education: The Schooling of a People and Their Education Beyond Schooling (1977, edited by Geraldine Van Doren)
  • 每個人的亞里斯多德: Difficult Thought Made Easy (1978) ISBN 0684838230
  • How to Think About God: A Guide for the 20th-Century Pagan (1980) ISBN 0-02-016022-4
  • 六種偉大思想(Six Great Ideas: Truth-Goodness-Beauty-Liberty-Equality-Justice) (1981) ISBN 0-02-072020-3
  • The Angels and Us (1982)
  • The Paideia Proposal: An Educational Manifesto (1982)
  • How to Speak / How to Listen (1983) ISBN 0025005707
  • Paideia Problems and Possibilities: A Consideration of Questions Raised by The Paideia Proposal (1983)
  • A Vision of the Future: Twelve Ideas for a Better Life and a Better Society (1984) ISBN 0025002805
  • The Paideia Program: An Educational Syllabus (1984, with Members of the Paideia Group)
  • Ten Philosophical Mistakes (1985) ISBN 0-02-500330-5
  • A Guidebook to Learning: For a Lifelong Pursuit of Wisdom (1986)
  • We Hold These Truths: Understanding the Ideas and Ideals of the Constitution (1987)
  • Reforming Education: The Opening of the American Mind (1988, edited by Geraldine Van Doren)
  • Intellect: Mind Over Matter (1990)
  • Truth in Religion: The Plurality of Religions and the Unity of Truth (1990)
  • Haves Without Have-Nots: Essays for the 21st Century on Democracy and Socialism (1991) ISBN 0025005618
  • Desires, Right & Wrong: The Ethics of Enough (1991)
  • A Second Look in the Rearview Mirror: Further Autobiographical Reflections of a Philosopher At Large (1992)
  • 偉大思想:西方思想的列克星敦 (1992)
  • Natural Theology, Chance, and God (The Great Ideas Today, 1992)
  • The Four Dimensions of Philosophy: Metaphysical-Moral-Objective-Categorical (1993)
  • Art, the Arts, and the Great Ideas (1994)
  • Adler's Philosophical Dictionary: 125 Key Terms for the Philosopher's Lexicon (1995)

編寫

  • 新技術:奴隸還是主人 (in work, with Phillip W. Goetz)
  • Scholasticism and Politics (1940)
  • 西方世界偉大名著 (1952, 52冊)
  • A Syntopicon: An Index to The Great Ideas (1952, 2 volumes)
  • The Great Ideas Today (1961-1977, 17 volumes, with Robert Hutchins)
  • Gateway to the Great Books (1963, 10 volumes, with Robert Hutchins)
  • The Annals of America (1968, 21 volumes)
  • Propaedia: Outline of Knowledge and Guide to The New Encyclopædia Britannica 15th Edition (1974, 30 volumes)
  • Great Treasury of Western Thought (1977, with Charles Van Doren)
  • The Great Ideas Today (1978-1999, 20冊)
  • 西方世界偉大名著第二版(1990年,60冊)
  • A Syntopicon: An Index to The Great Ideas 2nd Edition (1990, 2 volumes)

參見

參考資料

  1. ^ Ralph McInerny. "Memento Mortimer" 互聯網檔案館存檔,存檔日期2010-11-27.
  2. ^ Mortimer Adler: 1902-2001 — The Day Philosophy Died 互聯網檔案館存檔,存檔日期2011-04-10.
  3. ^ "Remarkable Columbians" Columbia U. website on Adler. [2011-05-27]. (原始內容存檔於2021-02-20). 

外部連結