劍心蘭屬
劍心蘭屬(學名:Tolumnia),或音譯為托倫蘭屬,縮寫為Tolu.,[2]是蘭科的一個屬。該物種於1986年由圭多·布拉姆從文心蘭屬中分離出來。舞女蘭(Dancing-lady orchid)是該屬某些物種的通用名稱。[3]
劍心蘭屬 | |
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Tolumnia velutina | |
科學分類 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 維管束植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 單子葉植物 Monocots |
目: | 天門冬目 Asparagales |
科: | 蘭科 Orchidaceae |
亞科: | 樹蘭亞科 Epidendroideae |
族: | 蕙蘭族 Cymbidieae |
亞族: | 文心蘭亞族 Oncidiinae |
屬: | 劍心蘭屬 Tolumnia Raf. |
模式種 | |
Tolumnia pulchella (Hook.) Raf.
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異名[1] | |
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描述
這些植物很小,通常是附生的,有小的或沒有完全被葉子覆蓋的假鱗莖,它們的橫截面為三角形或圓形,在基部相互重疊,類似於扇子。它們的花序長在葉基之間,會開出艷麗的花朵。它們的唇瓣很大,由形狀各異的愈傷組織裝飾。合蕊柱(gynostemium)在柱頭兩側有突出的翅膀。該屬主要原產於大安的列斯群島,少數物種延伸到佛羅里達、小安的列斯群島、墨西哥、中美洲和南美洲北部(從哥倫比亞到法屬圭亞那)。[1]
下屬物種
- Tolumnia arizajuliana (Withner & J.Jiménez Alm.) Ackerman, 1997
- Tolumnia bahamensis (Nash) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia calochila (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia compressicaulis (Withner) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia gauntlettii (Withner & Jesup) Nir, 1994
- Tolumnia guianensis (Aubl.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia guibertiana (A.Rich.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia gundlachii (C.Wright ex Griseb.) N.H.Williams & Ackerman, 2007
- Tolumnia guttata (L.) Nir, 1994
- Tolumnia haitiensis (Leonard & Ames) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia hawkesiana (Moir) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia henekenii (Schomburgk ex Lindl.) Nir, 1994
- Tolumnia leiboldi (Rchb. f.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia lucayana (Nash) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia pulchella (Hook.) Rafinesque, 1837
- Tolumnia quadriloba (Schweinf.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia scandens (Moir) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia sylvestris (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia triquetra (Sw.) Nir, 1994
- 豹心蘭 Tolumnia tuerckheimii (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia urophylla (Loddiges ex Lindl.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia usneoides (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia variegata (Sw.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia velutina (Lindl. & Paxton) Braem, 1986
異名
- Tolumnia acunae (M. A. Diaz) Nir, 2000 (豹心蘭的異名)
- Tolumnia borinquensis Sauleda & Ragan, 1996 (Tolumnia variegata的異名)
- Tolumnia caymanensis (Moir) Braem, 1986 (Tolumnia leiboldii的異名)
- Tolumnia lemoniana ssp. lemoniana Braem, 1986 (Tolumnia guianensis的異名)
- Tolumnia tetrapetala (Jacq.) Braem, 1986 (Tolumnia guttata的異名)
雜交種
- 此列表不完整。
劍心蘭屬與其他蘭花屬的雜交種被置於以下原屬中:[4]
- Aspaleomnia (Alm.) = Tolumnia × Aspasia × Leochilus
- Bramiltumnia (Bmt.) = Tolumnia × Brassia × Miltonia
- Cochlumnia (Ccl.) = Tolumnia × Cochlioda
- Comparumnia (Cmr.) = Tolumnia × Comparettia
- Cuitlumnia (Ctn.) = Tolumnia × Cuitlauzina
- Golumnia (Glm.) = Tolumnia × Gomesa
- Tolucentrum (Tun.) = Tolumnia × Trichocentrum
- Toluglossum (Tgl.) = Tolumnia × Odontoglossum
- Tolumnopsis (Tmp.) = Tolumnia × Miltoniopsis
- Tolutonia (Tut.) = Tolumnia × Miltonia
參考資料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ Alphabetical List of Standard Abbreviations for Natural and Hybrid Generic Names, RHS, 2017. https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/plant-registration-forms/orchid-name-abbreviations-list.pdf (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- ^ Tolumnia. Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. [11 December 2015] (英語).
- ^ Tolumnia | International Plant Names Index. [2023-04-25]. (原始內容存檔於2023-05-01).
- Nir, M. Orchidaceae Antillanae, 94–97, 2000.
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew : World Checklist of Monocotyledons