2-氯苯酚
化合物
2-氯苯酚又称邻氯苯酚，是苯酚的氯代物，化学式为C6H5ClO。它的应用不多，但是苯酚氯化聚合反应的一个中间体。[6] 2-氯苯酚是无色至琥珀色的液体，有着令人不愉快的焦炭味。[7]它溶于乙醇、乙醚、苯，以及苛性碱的溶液。[8]
| 2-Chlorophenol[1][2][3][4] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
| IUPAC名 2-Chlorophenol | |||
| 别名 | o-氯苯酚(不再推荐[5]) 2-羟基氯苯 | ||
| 识别 | |||
| CAS号 | 95-57-8 
| ||
| PubChem | 7245 | ||
| ChemSpider | 13837686 | ||
| SMILES |
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| InChI |
| ||
| InChIKey | ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYAM | ||
| ChEBI | 47083 | ||
| DrugBank | DB03110 | ||
| KEGG | C14219 | ||
| 性质 | |||
| 化学式 | C6H5ClO | ||
| 摩尔质量 | 128.56 g/mol g·mol⁻¹ | ||
| 外观 | 淡琥珀色的液体 | ||
| 密度 | 1.2634 g/cm3 at 20 °C | ||
| 熔点 | 9.8 °C（283 K） | ||
| 沸点 | 174.9 °C（448 K） | ||
| 溶解性（水） | 20 g/L at 20 °C | ||
| 溶解性 | 可溶于乙醇、乙醚、苯 | ||
| 蒸气压 | 0.308 kPa | ||
| pKa | 8.56 | ||
| 磁化率 | -77.4·10−6 cm3/mol | ||
| 热力学 | |||
| 热容 | 1.468 J·g−1·K−1 | ||
| 危险性 | |||
| 主要危害 | 腐蚀性，可引起灼伤 | ||
| 相关物质 | |||
| 相关化合物 | benzene phenol chlorobenzene | ||
| 若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。 | |||
制备
苯酚的直接氯化虽然会同时产生邻位和对位的产物，但以对位的为主。
参考文献
- ^ Lide, David R., Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 87, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press: 3–120, 1998, ISBN 0-8493-0594-2
- ^ Lide, David R., Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 87, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press: 1281, 1998, ISBN 0-8493-0594-2
- ^ Lide, David R., Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 87, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press: 8–103, 1998, ISBN 0-8493-0594-2
- ^ Lide, David R., Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 87, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press: 15–18, 1998, ISBN 0-8493-0594-2
- ^ Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014: 690. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001.
Only one name is retained, phenol, for C6H5-OH, both as a preferred name and for general nomenclature. The structure is substitutable at any position. Locants 2, 3, and 4 are recommended, not o, m, and p.
- ^ Fiege, H.; Voges, H.-M.; Hamamoto, T; Umemura, S.; Iwata, T.; Miki, H.; Fujita, Y.; Buysch, H.-J.; Garbe, D.; Paulus, W., Phenol Derivatives, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (Weinheim: Wiley-VCH), 2000, doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_313
- ^ 2-Chlorophenol | C6H5ClO - PubChem. [2018-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-17）.
- ^ Lide, D.R. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 86TH Edition 2005-2006. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL 2005, p. 3-110
- ^ Majumder, Suvendu Kumar Pasha, A.; Visweswariah, Krishnamurthy. A process for the preparation of chlorophenols via the hydroxyalkylamine mediated saponification of dichloro- or trichlorobezenes[P]. 1997.5.10. IN 178533. CAN140:303398
拓展链接
- ToxFAQs for Chlorophenols, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.
- Compound Summary Compendium（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, PubChem Open Chemistry Database.