维基百科

宇宙学年表

宇宙学年表是人类在过去两千多年来对于宇宙认识的发展记录。现代宇宙学的思想遵循科学学科物理宇宙学的发展。

历程

参考资料

  1. ^ Horowitz (1998), p.xii
  2. ^ Heath (1913), p.302).
  3. ^ 古希臘的哲學、科學家一覽. [2014-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2009-03-21）. 
  4. ^ 塞琉西亚的塞琉古(c. 190 BC–?) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
  5. ^ 塞琉西亚的塞琉古 (ca. 190–??) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, ScienceWorld
  6. ^ Almagestum (1515). Petrus Lichtenstein. [2014-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-28）. 
  7. ^ Introduction to Astronomy, Containing the Eight Divided Books of Abu Ma'shar Abalachus. World Digital Library. 1506 [2013-07-16]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-21）. 
  8. ^ Adi Setia, Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi on Physics and the Nature of the Physical World: A Preliminary Survey, Islam & Science, 2004, 2 [2010-03-02], （原始内容存档于2012-07-10） 
  9. ^ (Ragep 2001a)
  10. ^ F. Jamil Ragep (2001), "Freeing Astronomy from Philosophy: An Aspect of Islamic Influence on Science", Osiris, 2nd Series, Vol. 16, Science in Theistic Contexts: Cognitive Dimensions, pp. 49–64, 66–71.
  11. ^ Edith Dudley Sylla, Creation and nature, Arthur Stephen McGrade (编), The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 178–179, 2003, ISBN 978-0-521-00063-5 
  12. ^ Ramasubramanian, K. Modification of the earlier Indian planetary theory by the Kerala astronomers (c. 1500 AD) and the implied heliocentric picture of planetary motion. Current Science. 1994, 66: 784–90. 
  13. ^ Joseph, George G. (2000), The Crest of the Peacock: Non-European Roots of Mathematics, p. 408, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-00659-8
  14. ^ Westman, Robert S. The Copernican achievement. University of California Press. 1975: 322 [2014-04-07]. ISBN 978-0-520-02877-7. OCLC 164221945. （原始内容存档于2014-04-07）. 
  15. ^ Dreyer, John L E. History of the planetary systems from Thales to Kepler. 1906: 342. 
  16. ^ Among versions of the Principia online: [1].
  17. ^ Unsöld, Albrecht; Baschek, Bodo. The New Cosmos: An Introduction to Astronomy and Astrophysics. Physics and astronomy online. Springer. 2001: 485 [2014-04-07]. ISBN 9783540678779. （原始内容存档于2014-01-01）. The simple observation that the night sky is dark allows far-reaching conclusions to be drawn about the large-scale structure of the universe. This was already realized by J. Kepler (1610), E. Halley (1720), J.-P. Loy de Chesaux (1744), and H. W. M. Olbers (1826). 
  18. ^ Albert Einstein (1905) "Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper", Annalen der Physik 17: 891; 英文翻译为George Barker Jeffery和 Wilfrid Perrett翻译的On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）(1923); 另一版英文翻译为Megh Nad Saha翻译的On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies(1920).
  19. ^ P.C. van der Kruit Willem de Sitter (1872 – 1934) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） in: History of science and scholarship in the Netherlands
  20. ^ Collection of Pieces on The Great Debate. [2014-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2011-01-06）. 
  21. ^ Friedmann, A., 1924, Zeitschrift für Physik, 21, 326.
  22. ^ Hubble, Edwin. A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra-galactic nebulae. PNAS. 1929, 15 (3): 168–173 [2014-04-07]. Bibcode:1929PNAS...15..168H. PMC 522427  . PMID 16577160. doi:10.1073/pnas.15.3.168. （原始内容存档于2008-06-30）. 
  23. ^ Zwicky, F. Die Rotverschiebung von extragalaktischen Nebeln. Helvetica Physica Acta. 1933, 6: 110–127. Bibcode:1933AcHPh...6..110Z. 
  24. ^ Zwicky, F. On the Masses of Nebulae and of Clusters of Nebulae. The Astrophysical Journal. 1937, 86: 217. Bibcode:1937ApJ....86..217Z. doi:10.1086/143864. 
  25. ^ Alpher, R. A.; Bethe, H.; Gamow, G. The Origin of Chemical Elements (PDF). Physical Review. 1 April 1948, 73 (7): 803–804 [March 10, 2011]. Bibcode:1948PhRv...73..803A. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.73.803. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013年7月8日）. 
  26. ^ 'Big bang' astronomer dies. BBC News. 22 August 2001 [2010-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2008-12-08）. 
  27. ^ Croswell, K. Chapter 9. The Alchemy of the Heavens. Anchor Books. 1995. 
  28. ^ Mitton, S. Fred Hoyle: A Life in Science. Aurum Press. 2005: 127. 
  29. ^ Penzias, A.A.; Wilson, R.W. A Measurement of Excess Antenna Temperature at 4080 Mc/s. Astrophysical Journal. 1965, 142: 419–421. Bibcode:1965ApJ...142..419P. doi:10.1086/148307. 
  30. ^ Smoot Group. The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation. Lawrence Berkeley Lab. 28 March 1996 [2008-12-11]. （原始内容存档于2019-10-26）. 
  31. ^ Dicke, R. H. Dirac's Cosmology and Mach's Principle. Nature. 1961, 192 (4801): 440–441. Bibcode:1961Natur.192..440D. doi:10.1038/192440a0. 
  32. ^ PBS Unsolved Mysteries. [2014-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-13）. 
  33. ^ New York Times, March 16, 2006. "Scientists Get Glimpse of First Moments After Beginning of Time". [2014-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2013-05-14）. 
  34. ^ M. J. Geller & J. P. Huchra, Science 246, 897 (1989).. [2014-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2008-06-21）. 
  35. ^ New image of infant universe reveals era of first stars, age of cosmos, and more. NASA / WMAP team. February 11, 2003 [April 27, 2008]. （原始内容存档于2004年11月8日）. 
  36. ^ J. R. Gott III et al., Astrophys. J., 624, 463 (2005). （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Figure 8 – "Logarithmic Maps of the Universe" – is available as a poster from the homepage of Mario Juric. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  37. ^ Staff. BICEP2 2014 Results Release. National Science Foundation. 17 March 2014 [18 March 2014]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-28）. 
  38. ^ Clavin, Whitney. NASA Technology Views Birth of the Universe. NASA. 17 March 2014 [17 March 2014]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-20）. 
  39. ^ Overbye, Dennis. Space Ripples Reveal Big Bang’s Smoking Gun. The New York Times. 17 March 2014 [17 March 2014]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-14）. 
  40. ^ Overbye, Dennis. Ripples From the Big Bang. New York Times. 24 March 2014 [24 March 2014]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-09）. 
  41. ^ Ade, P. A. R.; Aikin, R. W.; Barkats, D.; Benton, S. J.; Bischoff, C. A.; Bock, J. J.; Brevik, J. A.; Buder, I.; Bullock, E.; Dowell, C. D.; Duband, L.; Filippini, J. P.; Fliescher, S.; Golwala, S. R.; Halpern, M.; Hasselfield, M.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Hilton, G. C.; Hristov, V. V.; Irwin, K. D.; Karkare, K. S.; Kaufman, J. P.; Keating, B. G.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kovac, J. M.; Kuo, C. L.; Leitch, E. M.; Lueker, M.; Mason, P.; Netterfield, C. B.; Nguyen, H. T.; O'Brient, R.; Ogburn, R. W. IV; Orlando, A.; Pryke, C.; Reintsema, C. D.; Richter, S.; Schwartz, R.; Sheehy, C. D.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Sudiwala, R. W.; Teply, G. P.; Tolan, J. E.; Turner, A. D.; Vieregg, A. G.; Wong, C. L.; Yoon, K. W. BICEP2 I: Detection of B-mode Polarization at Degree Angular Scales (PDF). 17 March 2014 [2014年4月4日]. arXiv:submit/0934323   请检查|arxiv=值 (帮助). （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014年3月17日）. 
检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=宇宙學年表&oldid=82940564”