File:The Humble Administrator's Garden, Suzhou, China (37825378061).jpg
原始檔案 (6,013 × 3,325 像素,檔案大小:14.03 MB,MIME 類型:image/jpeg)
摘要
描述The Humble Administrator's Garden, Suzhou, China (37825378061).jpg |
The Humble Administrator's Garden is a Chinese garden in Suzhou, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most famous of the gardens of Suzhou. At 78 mu (亩) (5.2 ha; 13 acres), it is the largest garden in Suzhou and is considered by some to be the finest garden in all of southern China. On the garden's site was first built a garden during the Shaoxing period (1131-1162) of the Southern Song Dynasty. Afterwards it changed ownership, and was destroyed or modified continually. It was the residence and garden of Lu Guimeng, a Tang Dynasty scholar. Later in the Yuan Dynasty it became the Dahong Temple's garden. In 1513, Wang Xiancheng, an Imperial Envoy and poet of the Ming Dynasty, created a garden on the site of the dilapidated Dahong Temple which had been burnt during the Ming conquest. In 1510, he retired to his native home of Suzhou on the occasion of his father's death. He had experienced a tumultuous official life punctuated by various demotions and promotions, and gave up his last official post as magistrate of Yongjia county in Zhejiang province, and began to work on the garden. This garden, meant to express his fine taste, received close attention from the renowned artist, Suzhou native, and friend, Wen Zhengming. The garden was named (first evidence around 1517) after a verse by the famous scholar official of the Jin Dynasty, Pan Yue, in his prose, An Idle Life, "I enjoy a carefree life by planting trees and building my own house...I irrigate my garden and grow vegetables for me to eat...such a life suits a retired official like me well".[4] This verse symbolized Wang's desire to retire from politics and adopt a hermit's life in the manner of Tao Yuanming. In the Xianju rhyme-prose, he writes 'This is the way of ruling for an unsuccessful politician'. It took 16 years until 1526 to complete. Wen Zhenming wrote an essay Notes of Wang's Humble Administrator's Garden, and painted Landscapes of the Humble Administrator's Garden in 1533 including 31 paintings and poems to commemorate the garden. Wen produced a second album of eight leaves showing sites in the garden in 1551, with different views but the same poems as in 1533. Wang's son lost the garden to pay gambling debts, and it has changed hands many times since. In 1631 the eastern garden was divided from the rest and purchased by Wang Xinyi, Vice Minister of the Justice Board. He added many modifications over the next four years, finishing work in 1635. After completion it was renamed Dwelling Upon Return to the Countryside. The central garden was purchased by Jiang Qi, Governor of Jiangsu in 1738. After extensive renovations he renamed it Garden Rebuilt. In 1860, it became the residence of a Taiping prince, Li Xiucheng, and it was remodelled, and the current aspect of the garden is said to be inherited from this period. Also in 1738 the Western Garden was purchased by Ye Shikuan Chief Histographer, and renamed The Garden of Books. The Garden of Books was purchased by a Suzhou merchant, Zhang Lüqian, in 1877 and renamed The Subsidiary Garden. In 1949 all three parts of the garden were rejoined by the Chinese government and subsequently opened to the public, then restored in 1952. In 1997 the garden was given UNESCO World Heritage status. Cao Xueqin, author of the Dream of the Red Chamber, is supposed to have lived at the garden during his teenage years – around 1735. Among Chinese scholars, it is believed that much of the garden in his novel Dream of the Red Chamber was inspired by the scenery of the Humble Administrator's Garden. The garden contains numerous pavilions and bridges set among a maze of connected pools and islands. It consists of three major parts set about a large lake: the central part (Zhuozheng Yuan), the eastern part (once called Guitianyuanju, Dwelling Upon Return to the Countryside), and a western part (the Supplementary Garden). The house lies in the south of the garden. In total, the garden contains 48 different buildings with 101 tablets, 40 steles, 21 precious old trees, and over 700 Suzhou-style penjing/penzai <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humble_Administrator's_Garden" rel="nofollow">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humble_Administrator%27s_Garden</a> |
日期 | |
來源 | The Humble Administrator's Garden, Suzhou, China |
作者 | Ray in Manila |
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這幅圖片原始出處為Flickr的https://flickr.com/photos/21186555@N07/37825378061 ,作者為Ray in Manila 。經機器人FlickreviewR 2在2019年8月6日審查後確定為採用cc-by-2.0的協議授權使用。 |
2019年8月6日
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描繪內容
創作作者 Chinese (Hong Kong) (已轉換拼寫)
沒有維基數據項目的某些值
共享創意署名2.0通用版 Chinese (Hong Kong) (已轉換拼寫)
攝影器材 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)
佳能 EOS 650D 中文 (已轉換拼寫)
14 10 2017
視角坐標 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)
31°19'31.76"N, 120°37'28.67"E
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日期/時間 | 縮圖 | 尺寸 | 用戶 | 備註 | |
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目前 | 2019年8月6日 (二) 09:30 | 6,013 × 3,325(14.03 MB) | Rudolphous | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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相機製造商 | Canon |
---|---|
相機型號 | Canon EOS 650D |
曝光時間 | 1/250 秒 (0.004) |
光圈值 | f/8 |
ISO 速率 | 400 |
資料產生的日期時間 | 2017年10月14日 (六) 13:53 |
焦距 | 24毫米 |
水平解析度 | 300 dpi |
垂直解析度 | 300 dpi |
使用軟體 | Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 6.4 (Macintosh) |
檔案修改日期時間 | 2017年10月21日 (六) 15:02 |
曝光模式 | 光圈優先 |
Exif 版本 | 2.3 |
數位化的日期時間 | 2017年10月14日 (六) 13:53 |
APEX 快門速度 | 7.965784 |
APEX 光圈 | 6 |
APEX 曝光補償 | 0 |
最大陸地光圈 | 3 APEX(f/2.83) |
測光模式 | 模式 |
閃光燈 | 閃光燈未開啟、強制閃光燈關閉 |
文件建立時間數據亞秒數 | 49 |
色彩空間 | sRGB |
X 軸焦平面解析度 | 5,798.6577181208 |
Y 軸焦平面解析度 | 5,788.9447236181 |
焦平面解析度單位 | 英寸 |
自訂影像處理 | 一般程序 |
曝光模式 | 自動曝光 |
白平衡 | 自動白平衡 |
場景拍攝類型 | 標準 |
相機序號 | 123013012048 |
使用鏡頭 | EF-S24mm f/2.8 STM |
詮釋資料最後修改日期 | 2017年10月21日 (六) 23:02 |
評分 (共 5 分) | 3 |
原始文件唯一識別碼 | xmp.did:c476c550-eb10-46d0-abc8-03a04148ee14 |
關鍵字 | Shanghai |
IIM 版本 | 4 |