阿拉韋羅

阿拉韋羅
臨床資料
給藥途徑	Oral
ATC碼	未分配;
法律規範狀態
法律規範	Development terminated;
識別資訊
	IUPAC命名法 4-(4-{[(3R)-1-butyl-3-[(R)-cyclohexylhydroxymethyl]-2,5-dioxo- 1,4,9-triazaspiro[5.5]undecan-9-yl]methyl}phenoxy)benzoic acid; ;
CAS號	461443-59-4 ; 461023-63-2
PubChem CID	3001322;
IUPHAR/BPS	805;
ChemSpider	2272720 ;
UNII	98B425P30V; HCl: 04D148Z3VR ;
KEGG	D06557 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1255794;
CompTox Dashboard（英語：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID6047317 ;
化學資訊
化學式	C33H43N3O6
摩爾質量	577.72 g·mol−1
3D模型（JSmol（英語：JSmol））	交互式圖像;
	SMILES CCCCN1C(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)C12CCN(CC2)CC3=CC=C(C=C3)OC4=CC=C(C=C4)C(=O)O)[C@@H](C5CCCCC5)O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C33H43N3O6/c1-2-3-19-36-30(38)28(29(37)24-7-5-4-6-8-24)34-32(41)33(36)17-20-35(21-18-33)22-23-9-13-26(14-10-23)42-27-15-11-25(12-16-27)31(39)40/h9-16,24,28-29,37H,2-8,17-22H2,1H3,(H,34,41)(H,39,40)/t28-,29-/m1/s1 ; Key:GWNOTCOIYUNTQP-FQLXRVMXSA-N ;

阿拉韋羅（INN：Aplaviroc；開發代號：AK602和GSK-873140）是一種 CCR5 進入抑制劑，屬於2,5-二酮哌嗪類，^[1]為治療HIV感染而開發。^[2]^[3]它是由葛蘭素史克開發的。

2005年10月，由於肝毒性問題，所有阿拉韋羅研究均停止。^[4]^[5]一些作者聲稱，療效不佳的證據可能導致該藥物的開發終止；^[6]ASCENT研究是已終止的試驗之一，該研究表明阿拉韋羅即使在高濃度下對許多患者也無效。^[7]

參見

CCR5受體拮抗劑（英語：CCR5 receptor antagonist）

參考資料

^ Borthwick AD. 2,5-Diketopiperazines: synthesis, reactions, medicinal chemistry, and bioactive natural products. Chemical Reviews. July 2012, 112 (7): 3641–3716. PMID 22575049. doi:10.1021/cr200398y.
^ Maeda K, Ogata H, Harada S, Tojo Y, Miyakawa T, Nakata H, et al. Determination of binding sites of a unique CCR5 inhibitor AK602 on human CCR5 (PDF). 11th conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections. San Francisco, CA. 2004. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於November 3, 2005）.
^ Nakata H, Maeda K, Miyakawa T, Shibayama S, Matsuo M, Takaoka Y, et al. Potent anti-R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 effects of a CCR5 antagonist, AK602/ONO4128/GW873140, in a novel human peripheral blood mononuclear cell nonobese diabetic-SCID, interleukin-2 receptor gamma-chain-knocked-out AIDS mouse model. Journal of Virology. February 2005, 79 (4): 2087–2096. PMC 546550  . PMID 15681411. doi:10.1128/jvi.79.4.2087-2096.2005.
^ Aplaviroc (GSK-873,140). AIDSmeds.com. October 25, 2005 [September 5, 2008]. （原始內容存檔於January 13, 2007）.
^ Nichols WG, Steel HM, Bonny T, Adkison K, Curtis L, Millard J, et al. Hepatotoxicity observed in clinical trials of aplaviroc (GW873140). Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. March 2008, 52 (3): 858–865. PMC 2258506  . PMID 18070967. doi:10.1128/aac.00821-07.
^ Moyle G. The Last Word on Aplaviroc: A CCR5 Antagonist With Poor Efficacy. The Body. December 19, 2006 [September 5, 2008]. （原始內容存檔於6 October 2008）.
^ Currier J, Lazzarin A, Sloan L, Clumeck N, Slims J, McCarty D, et al. Antiviral activity and safety of aplaviroc with lamivudine/zidovudine in HIV-infected, therapy-naive patients: the ASCENT (CCR102881) study. Antiviral Therapy. 2008, 13 (2): 297–306. PMID 18505181. S2CID 21839689. doi:10.1177/135965350801300204  .

延伸閱讀

Horster S, Goebel FD. Serious doubts on safety and efficacy of CCR5 antagonists : CCR5 antagonists teeter on a knife-edge. Infection. April 2006, 34 (2): 110–113. PMID 16703305. S2CID 38463200. doi:10.1007/s15010-006-6206-1.

[1] Borthwick AD. 2,5-Diketopiperazines: synthesis, reactions, medicinal chemistry, and bioactive natural products. Chemical Reviews. July 2012, 112 (7): 3641–3716. PMID 22575049. doi:10.1021/cr200398y.

[2] Maeda K, Ogata H, Harada S, Tojo Y, Miyakawa T, Nakata H, et al. Determination of binding sites of a unique CCR5 inhibitor AK602 on human CCR5 (PDF). 11th conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections. San Francisco, CA. 2004. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於November 3, 2005）.

[3] Nakata H, Maeda K, Miyakawa T, Shibayama S, Matsuo M, Takaoka Y, et al. Potent anti-R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 effects of a CCR5 antagonist, AK602/ONO4128/GW873140, in a novel human peripheral blood mononuclear cell nonobese diabetic-SCID, interleukin-2 receptor gamma-chain-knocked-out AIDS mouse model. Journal of Virology. February 2005, 79 (4): 2087–2096. PMC 546550  . PMID 15681411. doi:10.1128/jvi.79.4.2087-2096.2005.

[4] Aplaviroc (GSK-873,140). AIDSmeds.com. October 25, 2005 [September 5, 2008]. （原始內容存檔於January 13, 2007）.

[5] Nichols WG, Steel HM, Bonny T, Adkison K, Curtis L, Millard J, et al. Hepatotoxicity observed in clinical trials of aplaviroc (GW873140). Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. March 2008, 52 (3): 858–865. PMC 2258506  . PMID 18070967. doi:10.1128/aac.00821-07.

[6] Moyle G. The Last Word on Aplaviroc: A CCR5 Antagonist With Poor Efficacy. The Body. December 19, 2006 [September 5, 2008]. （原始內容存檔於6 October 2008）.

[7] Currier J, Lazzarin A, Sloan L, Clumeck N, Slims J, McCarty D, et al. Antiviral activity and safety of aplaviroc with lamivudine/zidovudine in HIV-infected, therapy-naive patients: the ASCENT (CCR102881) study. Antiviral Therapy. 2008, 13 (2): 297–306. PMID 18505181. S2CID 21839689. doi:10.1177/135965350801300204  .

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