开放式协同合作

开放式协同合作（英语：open collaboration）或简称开放式协是指从开放源码运动所启发及衍生的一套与传统组织内及组织间不同的协同合作方式^[1]。

根据简称OpenSym（英语：OpenSym）的“开放式协同合作之联合国际会议”（英语：The Joint International Symposium on Open Collaboration）所提供的定义，“开放式协同合作的开放性在于三项要件：（1）平等参与（每个人都能参与，不存在原则性或人为的障碍）、（2）按功绩组织（相关决定及地位以功绩为基础而非外力强加）、及（3）自组织（组织流程去适应参与的人，而非参与的人去适应预定的流程）。”^[2]

为促成开放式创新，Levine & Prietula将开放式协同合作定义为“任何创新或生产体系，其系统仰赖一群有目标导向但协调方式宽松的参与者，这些参与者互动生产出有经济价值的产品或服务，而将这些产品或服务让贡献者及非贡献者都能享用。”^[3]

参考文献

^ Daniel A. Vallero; Chris Brasier. Sustainable Design: The Science of Sustainability and Green Engineering. John Wiley & Sons. 25 April 2008: 27– [27 March 2013]. ISBN 978-0-470-13062-9. （原始内容存档于2014-01-03）.
^ Dirk Riehle. Definition of Open Collaboration. The Joint International Symposium on Open Collaboration. 廖汉腾译. [2013-03-26]. （原始内容存档于2013-03-12）. “开放式协同合作的开放性在于三项要件：（1）平等参与（每个人都能参与，不存在原则性或人为的障碍）、（2）按功绩组织（相关决定及地位以功绩为基础而非外力强加）、及（3）自组织（组织流程去适应参与的人，而非参与的人去适应预定的流程）。”"Open collaboration is collaboration that is egalitarian （everyone can join, no principled or artificial barriers to participation exist）, meritocratic （decisions and status are merit-based rather than imposed） and self-organizing （processes adapt to people rather than people adapt to pre-defined processes）."
^ Levine, S. S. Where Can Open Collaboration Thrive? A Model of Performance. Academy of Management Proceedings. 2012-01-01, 2012 (1): 1 [2014-08-31]. doi:10.5465/AMBPP.2012.309. ISSN 0065-0668; ISSN 2151-6561. （原始内容存档于2019-07-12）. ...any system of innovation or production that relies on goal-oriented yet loosely coordinated participants, who interact to create a product (or service) of economic value, which they make available to contributors and non-contributors alike

参见

[ValleroBrasier2008-1] Daniel A. Vallero; Chris Brasier. Sustainable Design: The Science of Sustainability and Green Engineering. John Wiley & Sons. 25 April 2008: 27– [27 March 2013]. ISBN 978-0-470-13062-9. （原始内容存档于2014-01-03）.

[Opensym-2] Dirk Riehle. Definition of Open Collaboration. The Joint International Symposium on Open Collaboration. 廖汉腾译. [2013-03-26]. （原始内容存档于2013-03-12）. “开放式协同合作的开放性在于三项要件：（1）平等参与（每个人都能参与，不存在原则性或人为的障碍）、（2）按功绩组织（相关决定及地位以功绩为基础而非外力强加）、及（3）自组织（组织流程去适应参与的人，而非参与的人去适应预定的流程）。”"Open collaboration is collaboration that is egalitarian （everyone can join, no principled or artificial barriers to participation exist）, meritocratic （decisions and status are merit-based rather than imposed） and self-organizing （processes adapt to people rather than people adapt to pre-defined processes）."

[Levine2012-3] Levine, S. S. Where Can Open Collaboration Thrive? A Model of Performance. Academy of Management Proceedings. 2012-01-01, 2012 (1): 1 [2014-08-31]. doi:10.5465/AMBPP.2012.309. ISSN 0065-0668; ISSN 2151-6561. （原始内容存档于2019-07-12）. ...any system of innovation or production that relies on goal-oriented yet loosely coordinated participants, who interact to create a product (or service) of economic value, which they make available to contributors and non-contributors alike

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