高加索伊玛目国
高加索伊玛目國（阿拉伯语：إمامة القوقاز )是19世纪早期至中期北高加索的伊玛目在高加索戰爭期间与俄罗斯帝国作战時在北高加索地区的达吉斯坦和车臣地區建立的一个国家。
高加索伊玛目国 إمامة القوقاز | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1828—1859 | |||||||
 国旗 | |||||||
 高加索伊玛目国地圖 | |||||||
| 地位 | Imamate | ||||||
| 常用语言 | 阿拉伯语 (官方) 东北高加索语系 西北高加索语系 庫梅克語[1] | ||||||
| 宗教 | 遜尼派 | ||||||
| 政府 | 底萬 | ||||||
| Imam | |||||||
• 1828–1832 | Ghazi Muhammad | ||||||
• 1832–1834 | Gamzat-bek | ||||||
• 1834–1859 | 伊玛目沙米勒 | ||||||
| 历史 | |||||||
• 高加索戰爭 | 1828 | ||||||
• 被俄罗斯帝国征服 | 1859 | ||||||
| |||||||
後期高加索伊玛目国的伊瑪目沙米勒希望英國能支援它，但英国當局並未付諸行動。[2] 1859年，伊瑪目沙米勒向亚历山大二世投降。
参考文献
- ^ [T. Makarov, Tatar Grammar of the Caucasian Dialect]
- ^ Smith, Sebastian. Allah's Mountains: The Battle for Chechnya revised. Bloomsbury Publishing. 2005: 49–50 [1998] [17 June 2021]. ISBN 9780857710284. （原始内容存档于2022-06-20）.
The highlanders' only real chance lay in foreign intervention. They could fight on for years, but they could never drive the Russians back. Only Turkish or British help could force that. There was reason to hope. [...] Shamil in particular believed that help would come from Britain, then Russia's greatest superpower rival.
There were popular support groups in England, and the newspapers were full of the highlanders' exploits. [...] Shamil had other backers. Russia and Britain were then playing what was called the 'great game,' a spy struggle for influence in Central Asia [...] Some feared Russia, using the Caucasus as the gateway to Asia, would try to invade India and for that reason Shamil must be helped to block the Russians' advance. But these cold warriors of the day never quite won the debate and although Shamil wrote polite appeals for help in letters to Queen Victoria, the answers he wanted never came.