菲德勒權變模型

菲德勒權變模型（英語：Fiedler contingency model）是由商業和管理心理學家弗雷德·愛德華·菲德勒所著，主要說明關於組織中領導者的有效性的權變理論。費德勒以「最不受歡迎同事量表」來衡量領導者的領導風格以及個人領導取向的工具，並將這一因素分解為領導者─成員關係、任務結構以及職位權力3個構面，組合出8種工作情境：

弗雷德·愛德華·菲德勒（Fred Edward Fiedler）的「菲德勒權變模型」（Fiedler contingency model）

情境領導風格

情境	領導者─成員關係	任務結構	職位權力
1	好	結構化（高）	強
2	好	結構化（高）	弱
3	好	非結構化（低）	強
4	好	非結構化（低）	弱
5	差	結構化（高）	強
6	差	結構化（高）	弱
7	差	非結構化（低）	強
8	差	非結構化（低）	弱

延伸閱讀

• Fiedler, F. E. (1958) Leader Attitudes and Group Effectiveness, Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
• Fiedler, F. E. (1967) A Theory of Leadership Effectiveness, New York: McGraw-Hill.
• Fiedler, F. E. (1971) Leadership, New York: General Learning Press.
• Fiedler, F. E. (1981) Leader Attitudes and Group Effectiveness, Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group.
• Fiedler, F. E. (1992) Life in a Pretzel-shaped Universe, in A.G. Bedeian (ed.), Management Laureates: A Collection of Autobiographical Essays, Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, vol. 1, 301–34.
• Fiedler, F. E. (1997) Directory of the American Psychological Association, Chicago: St James Press, 419.
• Fiedler, F. E. and Chemers, M. M. (1974) Leadership and Effective Management, Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman and Co.
• Fiedler, F. E., Garcia, J. E. and Lewis, C. T. (1986) People Management, and Productivity, Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
• Fiedler, F. E., Gibson, F. W. and Barrett, K. M. (1993) ‘Stress, Babble, and the Utilization of the Leader’s Intellectual Abilities’, Leadership Quarterly 4(2): 189–208.
• Fiedler, F. E., Godfrey, E. P. and Hall, D. M. (1959) Boards, Management and Company Success, Danville, IL: Interstate Publishers.
• Hooijberg, R. and Choi, J. (1999) "From Austria to the United States and from Evaluating Therapists to Developing Cognitive Resources Theory: An Interview with Fred Fiedler", Leadership Quarterly 10(4): 653–66.
• King, B., Streufert, S. and Fiedler, F. E. (1978) Managerial Control and Organizational Democracy, Washington, DC: V. H. Winston and Sons.