塔菲是个威尔士人

塔菲是个威尔士人
Taffy was a Welshman
塔菲是个威尔士人; Taffy was a Welshman
童谣
出版	约 1780
词曲	佚名

《塔菲是个威尔士人》（英語：Taffy was a Welshman）是一首流行于18世纪至20世纪的英语童谣，其劳德民歌索引（英语：Roud Folk Song Index）编号为19237。 ^[1]

歌词

《塔菲是个威尔士人》的歌词版本繁多，如下为通行版歌词：

Taffy was a Welshman, Taffy was a thief;
塔菲是威尔士人，塔菲是小偷；
Taffy came to my house and stole a leg of beef;
塔菲闯进我家，偷走牛腿肉；
I went to Taffy's house, Taffy was in bed;
我到塔菲家里，塔菲在床上;
I took the leg of meat and hit him on the head.
我拿起牛腿肉，往他头上打;
Taffy was a Welshman, Taffy was a thief;
塔菲是威尔士人，塔菲是小偷；
Taffy came to my house and stole a piece of beef;
塔菲闯进我家，偷了块牛肉；
I went to Taffy's house, Taffy wasn't in;
我到塔菲家里，塔菲不在家;
I jumped on his Sunday hat and poked it with a pin.
我跳上他的礼帽，还拿针戳它;
Taffy was a Welshman, Taffy was a sham;
塔菲是威尔士人，塔菲是骗子；
Taffy came to my house and stole a piece of lamb;
塔菲闯进我家，偷了块羊肉；
I went to Taffy's house, Taffy was away,
我到塔菲家里，塔菲出去了;
I stuffed his socks with sawdust and filled his shoes with clay.
我把木屑泥土，塞入他鞋袜；
Taffy was a Welshman, Taffy was a cheat,
塔菲是威尔士人，塔菲是骗子；
Taffy came to my house, and stole a piece of meat;
塔菲闯进我家，偷了一块肉；
I went to Taffy's house, Taffy was not there,
我到塔菲家里，塔菲不在那;
I hung his coat and trousers to roast before a fire.
我把他的衣裤，挂在火前烤。
^[2]

起源和历史

《童谣》（1860年出版）中的对应插图

《老朋友的字母表》（1874年出版）中的对应插图

"Taffy" 一词可能合并自威尔士人的常用名“ Dafydd ”和威尔士河流塔夫河（英语：River Taff）（威尔士首都卡迪夫的母亲河），其在18世纪中叶便已开始使用。 ^[3]这首童谣可能与1744年在伦敦出版的《拇指汤米的动听歌集（英语：Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book）》中一首童谣有关，歌词如下：

Taffy was born
塔菲出生了，
On a Moon Shiny Night,
在一个月光灿烂的晚上。
His head in the Pipkin,
他的头在三脚锅（英语：Pipkin）里，
His Heels upright.
他的脚跟挺直。
^[2]

关于《塔菲是个威尔士人》的通行版歌词，目前有记载的最早记录源于南希·科克的《动听歌集》。该书于1780年在伦敦出版，其中收录了这首童谣：

Taffy was a Welshman, Taffy was a thief;
塔菲是威尔士人，塔菲是小偷；
Taffy came to my house and stole a piece of beef;
塔菲闯进我家，偷了块牛肉；
I went to Taffy's house, Taffy wasn't home;
我到塔菲家里，塔菲不在家;
Taffy came to my house and stole a marrow-bone.
塔菲闯进我家，偷了块髓骨^[4]；
^[2]

类似版本在18世纪末期的歌集也有印行，但在1805年出版的《儿童歌谣集》中，歌词的暴力程度有所增加：

I went to Taffy's house, Taffy was in bed,
我到塔菲家里，塔菲在床上;
I took the marrow bone and beat about his head.
我将髓骨拿起，往他头上敲;
^[2]

1840年代，詹姆斯·奥查德·哈利韦尔（英语：James_Halliwell-Phillipps）收集了一个拥有两节歌词的版本，第二节歌词为：

I went to Taffy's house, Taffy was not in;
我到塔菲家里，塔菲不在家;
Taffy came to my house and stole a silver pin.
塔菲闯进我家，偷了枚银针。
I went to Taffy's house, Taffy was in bed;
我到塔菲家里，塔菲在床上;
I took up a poker and threw it at his head.
我拿起拨火棍，扔向他的头。
^[5]

这个版本的歌词在与威尔士接壤的英格兰郡县（英语：Welsh_Marches）大受欢迎。在圣大卫日(3月1日)当天，当地的人们演唱这首歌，并配上身着韭葱^[6]的假人塑像。

参考来源

^ Roud Folksong Index S377993 Taffy was a Welshman. Vaughan Williams Memorial Library（英语：Vaughan Williams Memorial Library）. English Folk Dance and Song Society（英语：English Folk Dance and Song Society）. [May 20, 2016].
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 I. Opie and P. Opie（英语：I. Opie and P. Opie）, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), pp. 400–1.
^ M. Stephens, The Oxford Companion to the Literature of Wales (Oxford University Press, 1986), p. 569.
^ 用来熬汤
^ J. O. Halliwell, The Nursery Rhymes of England (London, 1846), p. 19.
^ 韭葱是威尔士的象征

[1] Roud Folksong Index S377993 Taffy was a Welshman. Vaughan Williams Memorial Library（英语：Vaughan Williams Memorial Library）. English Folk Dance and Song Society（英语：English Folk Dance and Song Society）. [May 20, 2016].

[Opie1997-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 I. Opie and P. Opie（英语：I. Opie and P. Opie）, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), pp. 400–1.

[3] M. Stephens, The Oxford Companion to the Literature of Wales (Oxford University Press, 1986), p. 569.

[4] 用来熬汤

[5] J. O. Halliwell, The Nursery Rhymes of England (London, 1846), p. 19.

[6] 韭葱是威尔士的象征

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]