乔治·阿姆斯特朗·卡斯特

乔治·阿姆斯特朗·卡斯特(英語:George Armstrong Custer;1839年12月5日—1876年6月25日),美国陸軍軍官,曾任第七騎兵團中校團長及義勇軍英语United States Volunteers少將,以驍勇聞名。著有自传《我的平原生涯》。卡斯特原先是受到青睞的美國總統候選人之一。

乔治·阿姆斯特朗·卡斯特
George Armstrong Custer
出生(1839-12-05)1839年12月5日
 美国俄亥俄州新盧姆利英语New Rumley, Ohio
逝世1876年6月25日(1876歲—06—25)(36歲)
 美国蒙大拿領地小大角英语Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument
墓地西點墓園英语West Point Cemetery
效命美國
聯邦
军种美國陸軍
聯邦軍
服役年份1861年—1876年
军衔 中校USA英语Regular Army (United States)
少將USV英语United States Volunteers
统率密西根騎兵旅英语Michigan Brigade
第3騎兵師
第2騎兵師
美國陸軍第7騎兵團
参与战争
配偶伊莉莎白·培根·卡斯特英语Elizabeth Bacon Custer1864年结婚)
亲属托馬斯·卡斯特英语Thomas Custer(弟)
波士頓·卡斯特英语Boston Custer(弟)
詹姆斯·卡爾霍恩英语James Calhoun (soldier)(妹婿)
签名

簡述

卡斯特祖先居住在德国莱茵兰,在1693年左右移民北美

1839年生於俄亥俄州朱威特英语Jewett, Ohio,并在1861年西點軍校砲兵科當屆最後一名畢業,曾率领第七骑兵团参与美国南北战争,曾經以密西根骑兵五百人,殲滅一支南军骑兵旅,俘虏官兵七百餘人,1865年時,官拜少將

南北戰爭結束後,復級為正規軍中校,率領第七騎兵團

美國淘金熱風潮大起,白人拓荒,卻時常遭到美國原住民印第安人獵首,於是卡斯特奉命進兵綏剿。

1876年6月25日,闻名美軍的卡斯特參與北美印第安战争,自己率領兩百餘騎兵與雷諾少校(Reno)、班廷上尉(Benteen)分兵三路,進攻蒙大拿州的黑山山谷,沒想到雷諾與班廷遇阻退卻,卡斯特及其所部遭印第安酋长疯马”、“紅雲”與“坐牛”率领的三千名印第安人战士伏击,弹尽阵亡(一說為自杀),是為小大角戰役

参考书目

外部视频链接
  Booknotes interview with Louise Barnett on Touched by Fire, October 13, 1996, C-SPAN
  • Ambrose, Stephen E. (1996 [1975]). Crazy Horse and Custer: The Parallel Lives of Two American Warriors. New York: Anchor Books. ISBN 0-385-47966-2.
  • Barnett, Louise (1996) Touched by Fire: The Life, Death, and Mythic Afterlife of George Armstrong Custer New York, Henry Holt and Company, Inc. ISBN 0803262663
  • Boulard, Garry (2006) The Swing Around the Circle: Andrew Johnson and the Train Ride that Destroyed a Presidency ISBN 9781440102394
  • Caudill, Edward and Paul Ashdown (2015). Inventing Custer: The Making of An American Legend. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield. ISBN 9781442251861
  • Connell, Evan S. Son Of The Morning Star . San Francisco, California: North Point Press. 1984. ISBN 978-0-86547-160-3. 
  • Eicher, John H.; Eicher, David J. Civil War High Commands. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. 2001. ISBN 978-0-8047-3641-1. 
  • Goodrich, Thomas. Scalp Dance: Indian Warfare on the High Plains, 1865–1879. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1997. ISBN 081171523X
  • Gray, John S. Custer's Last Campaign: Mitch Boyer and the Little Bighorn Remembered. University of Nebraska Press. 1993. ISBN 978-0-8032-7040-4. 
  • Grinnell, George Bird. The Fighting Cheyennes. The University of Oklahoma Press reprint 1956. 1915: 296–307. ISBN 978-0-7394-0373-0. 
  • Longacre, Edward G. (2000). Lincoln's Cavalrymen: A History of the Mounted Forces of the Army of the Potomac. Stackpole Books. ISBN 0-8117-1049-1.
  • Longstreet, James, From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America, J.B. Lippincott, 1908.
  • Mails, Thomas E. (1972). Mystic Warriors of the Plains. Doubleday. ISBN 038504741X
  • Marshall, Joseph M. III. (2007). The Day the World Ended at Little Bighorn: A Lakota History. New York: Viking Press. ISBN 9780670038534
  • Merington, Marguerite, Ed. The Custer Story: The Life and Intimate Letters of General Custer and his Wife Elizabeth. (1950) OCLC 1027056
  • Michno, Gregory F. (1997). Lakota Noon: The Indian Narrative of Custer's Defeat. Mountain Press Publishing Company. ISBN 0-87842-349-4.
  • Perrett, Bryan. Last Stand: Famous Battles Against the Odds. London: Arms & Armour, 1993. ISBN 0304350559
  • Scott, Douglas D.; Fox, Richard A.; Connor, Melissa A.; Harmon, Dick. Archaeological Perspectives on the Battle of the Little Bighorn. University of Oklahoma Press. 1989. ISBN 978-0-8061-3292-1. 
  • Punke, Michael, "Last Stand: George Bird Grinnell, the Battle to Save the Buffalo, and the Birth of the New West", Smithsonian Books, 2007, ISBN 978-0-06-089782-6
  • Robbins, James S. The Real Custer: From Boy General to Tragic Hero. Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 2014, ISBN 978-1-62157-209-1
  • Tagg, Larry. (1988). The Generals of Gettysburg. Savas Publishing. ISBN 1-882810-30-9.
  • Urwin, Gregory J. W., Custer Victorious, University of Nebraska Press, 1990, ISBN 978-0-8032-9556-8.
  • Utley, Robert M. (2001). Cavalier in Buckskin: George Armstrong Custer and the Western Military Frontier, revised edition. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-3387-2.
  • Vestal, Stanley. Warpath: The True Story of the Fighting Sioux Told in a Biography of Chief White Bull. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1934. OCLC 250280757
  • Warner, Ezra J. Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders. Louisiana State University Press. 1964. ISBN 978-0-8071-0822-2. 
  • Welch, James, with Paul Stekler. (2007 [1994]). Killing Custer: The Battle of Little Bighorn and the Fate of the Plains Indians. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
  • Wert, Jeffry D. Custer: The Controversial Life of George Armstrong Custer. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996. ISBN 0-684-83275-5.
  • Wittenberg, Eric J. Glory Enough for All : Sheridan's Second Raid and the Battle of Trevilian Station. Brassey's Inc. 2001. ISBN 978-1-57488-353-4.